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Above all, it demonstrated that gravity extends throughout t Perry lately delivered a lecture on this subject at the Society of Arts, London, which contains in an epitomized form the salient points of the hopes and fears of the more sanguine spirits of The author discusses the question whether, according to the experiments of Crookes, the assumption of an especial fourth state of aggregation is n Preece writes to the Journal of Arts as follows: At the South Kensington Museum, very careful observations have been made on the relative cost of the two systems, i.

Similar Applications

At every point of t Photo-Electricity Of Fluor-Spar Crystals Hantzel has communicated to the Saxon Royal Society of Science some interesting observations on the production of electricity by light in colored fluor-spar. The centers of the fluor-spar cubes become The Aurora Borealis And Telegraph Cables The January and February numbers of the Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift contain a number of articles on this interesting subject by several eminent electricians.

Professor Foerster, director of the obse All the integrating machines hitherto made, of which I can find any record, may be classed under two heads, one of which In August, , I directed attention to the fact that thin disks or diaphrag Achille Delesse The death of this distinguished man must be recorded. An interesting rsum of his labors by M. Daubree has appeared, from which we take the following facts. After a training in his nati John Watson, of Earnock, was the scene of an interesting ceremonial which may well be said to mark a new era in mining a Lightning And Telephone Wires M.

Bede, of Brussels, has an article in L'Ingnieur-Conseil on the above subject. He considers that a system of such wires forms the best and most complete security against lightning with which Condition Of Flames Under The Influence Of Electricity The experiments of the author have been principally directed to the alterations in shape and color produced in a flame when under the influence of positive or negative electricity.

The flames were arr The Electric Stop-Motion In The Cotton Mill The number of inventions for use as stop-motions in and about the various machines in the cotton mill has been to a certain extent something like the search after perpetual motion. Very available and Bramwell, F Part 2 Steel Boilers The writer stated that his experience in the manufacture and working of steel boilers was satisfactory. Many steel boilers of sizes varying from six feet diameter to fourteen feet six i Part 3 Consumption Of Fuel In Marine Engines Coming to the question of the consumption of fuel, a considerable saving has been effected in nine years, as shown in the following table: Item.

Marine Locomotive Boilers Mr. Thornycroft has for some years used the locomotive form of boiler for his steam launches, working them under an air pressure--produced by a fan discharging into a close stokehold--of from 1 in. Screw Propellers The screw propeller is still to a great extent an unsolved problem. We have no definite rule by which we can fix the most important factor of the whole, namely, the diameter. Froude has pointed ou Steam Ferry Boats Of The Port Of Marseilles The small steam ferry boats represented in the accompanying cut are doing service in the port of Marseilles, and the following description of them has been given by Mr.

Flecher in the Bulletin de la S His Royal Highness performed the ceremony of Improved Grain Elevator The illustration shows the apparatus at work transferring a cargo of grain from the hold of a ship by means of an elevating band fitted with buckets.

Scientific American Supplement Volumes 275, 286, 288, 299, 303, 312, 315, 324, 344 and 358

By a simple contrivance shown in the engraving by Improved Dredger We illustrate below a useful type of dredger made by Messrs. Rennie, of Blackfriars, England. The drawing almost explains itself.

The machine consists of a double barge or pontoon, in which is erected Railway Alarm Whistle In order to prevent a train passing a danger signal during a fog or snowstorm without being seen by the engineer, the Southern Railway Company of France have attached to the locomotive a steam whistle In laboratories, charcoal and roll brimstone are employed so as to obtain as pure a product as pos Brouardel's Dry Inscribing Manometer Brouardel's manometer, represented herewith, is designed for showing graphically variations in the pressure of gas, either at the works during the course of manufacture, or at any point whatever in th Dresel employs an apparatus such as represented in Figs.

The following is an abstract from the address of the president, Mr. Recent Progress Of Industrial Science. Continued No doubt the use of iron, and now of steel, has contributed most largely to the increase of shipbuilding in this country. Good arrangements of water ballast have also proved very useful; and steam cra The Hoboken Drainage Problem Our thriving neighbor, Hoboken, just across the Hudson River, has a large and vitally important problem to solve.

Of the acres within the city limits, acres lie at a considerable height above Artists' Homes No. Boehm, A. Bent's Brook is situated at Holmwood, not far south of Dorking, on the Mid-Sussex line, and commands some fine views of we The author began by stating that probably in few trades have a smaller number of changes bee Mixing Apparatus For Gelatine Emulsion The mixing vessel--a porcelain kettle capable of containing twenty liters, made at the Royal Porcelain Factory at Berlin, whose products are unequaled for chemical purposes--is also the boiling vessel Continued III.

It is particularly adapted for finely dividing large quantities of Numerous complaints have reached me within the last few weeks of the difficulty experienced in preparing emulsion and coating plates; one is very likely to blame everything but th The industrial problem of the rectification of alcohols is based entirely upon the properties of volatile liquids, upon the laws of the maximum tensions of the vapors of these liquid Part 2 It results from all the laws that we have cited that by properly regulating the tensions of the vapors of a mixture of alcohol and water, and the temperature of the liquid, we shall be able to obtain Part 3 Above the boiler rises a rectifying column composed of superposed plates inclined one over the other, and surmounted by a tubular condenser, which serves to effect the retrogression of the first conde Electrolytic Determinations And Separations.

Part 2 Determination Of Nickel This process is precisely identical with the previously described method for cobalt. The ammonium oxalate is added in excess to the solution, which is then heated, and four mo Part 3 Determination Of Lead The nitric solution of lead acts similarly to that of manganese. When the amount of peroxide separated is so large that it does not adhere firmly, and becomes mechanically preci Separation Of Iron From Manganese If a solution of ferric oxide and manganese ammonium oxalate is submitted to electrolysis, without the previous addition of ammonium oxalate, the characteristic color of permanganic acid immediately m Separation Of Iron And Aluminum The quantitative separation of iron from aluminum, which presented many difficulties according to the older methods, may be easily performed by electrolysis.

If a solution of iron ammonium oxalate and The Cultivation Of Pyrethrum And Manufacture Of The Powder In accordance with an announcement in the March number of the Naturalist, the editor of this department has sent out the seed of two species of pyrethrum, viz.

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New Gas Exhauster In common practice, the new exhauster at the Old Kent Road passes about five million cubic feet of gas per day of twenty-four hours, and requires the attention of two men and two boys for driving and Advance In The Price Of Glycerine The continued advance in the price of glycerine continues to excite comment among those who deal in or use it, and no one seems to know exactly where or when the advance is likely to stop, or by what Allen, of Sheffield, and Mr.

Thomson, of Ma Nitrite Of Amyl Dr. Edgar Kurtz, of Florence, has found this medicament so useful in the various aches and pains of every-day life that he has persuaded many families of his acquaintance to keep it on hand as a domes The treatment of simple acute articular rheumatism may be abandoned to palliatives and nature. Apart from complications, such cases nearly always recover under rest and Method In Madness No psychologist has hitherto been able, and probably it is impossible, to define madness, or to give a clearly marked indication of the boundary line between sanity and insanity.

Mental soundness is m Louis, Mo. At first sight it seems almost superfluous to write or say a word about any method of arresting hemorrhage from wounds; for the practitioner, as a rule, is well Brachialis Bring the elbows of the patient as near as possible together upon the back, and fasten them with a bandage. From this point let a doppelt bandage pass do Hot Water Compresses In Tetanus And Trismus Sporer has successfully treated cases of tetanus by merely applying to the nape of the neck and along the spine large pieces of flannel dipped in hot water, of a temperature just bearable to the hand Trials Of String Sheaf Binders At Derby, England After a week's postponement, rendered necessary by the unripe condition of the crops on the first of the month, the trials of sheaf-binding machines, using any other binding material than wire, instit The Culture Of Strawberries Messrs.

Some Hardy Flowers For Midsummer Pretentious gardens are now gayly decorated with glowing masses of pelargoniums and vincas, belts of rich coleuses and fiery alternantheras, patchwork of feverfew and mesembryanthemum, and scroll-work The Time-Consuming Match Mr. Edward Prince, splint manufacturer, of Horseshoe Bay, Buckingham township, is authority for the statement that there are about twenty-two match factories in the United States and Canada, and that New Eighty Ton Steam Hammer At The Saint Chamond Works Ever since the improvements that have been introduced into the manufacture of steel, and especially into the erection of works for its production, have made it possible to obtain this metal in very la The Anvil-Stock The anvil-stock, which is pyramidal in shape, and the total weight of which amounts to tons, is composed of superposed courses, each formed of one or two blocks of cast iron.

Each course and every Great Steamers The Brooklyn Eagle gives a very interesting description of the three new steamships now almost completed and shortly to be placed in the New York and Liverpool trade by the Cunard, Inman, and Williams Improved Road Locomotive Several attempts have been made to connect the leading wheels of a traction engine with the driving wheels, so as to make drivers of all of them, and thus increase the tractive power of the engine, an To speak of the American Milling Methods.

Part 2 At first this merely consisted of purifying and regrinding the middlings made in the old way. In its perfected state it may be said to be halfway between the old style and gradual reduction, and is in Part 3 And right here let me say that no miller should undertake to build a gradual reduction mill, or to change over his mill to the gradual reduction system, until he has consulted with some good milling e Part 4 The portions of the material which have not been traced either to the baker's flour or the bran and shorts bins are the middlings which have gone to the middlings stones, the germy middlings which hav Part 5 The building is four stories high, including basement, and thirty-two feet square.

It would be some better to have it larger, but it is made this small to show how small a space a mill of this size ca Machine For Dotting Tulles And Other Light Fabrics Dotted or chenilled tulles are fabrics extensively used in the toilet of ladies, and the ornamentation of which has hitherto been done by the application to the tissue, by hand, either of chenille or A question, relative to the subject of reproducing negatives, which was put at a meeting of one of your New York societies, prompts me to make a few remarks on the subject. A New Method Of Making Gelatine Emulsion Since gelatine emulsion first came into use one of the greatest troubles in connection with the manufacture of it has been that of washing.

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According to the first methods the time taken for this part In the year A. Such a structure, as may be readily conceived, requires Langley has made the following calculation: A sunbeam one centimeter in section is found in the clear sky of the Alleghany Mountains to bring to the earth in one minute enough heat to warm Chateau In The Aegean Sea From the site of this building, magnificent views are obtained over the island-dotted sea and the mainland of Asia Minor: but, though every prospect pleases, it is a land of earthquakes, and unfortu Electric Power Just now nothing save electricity is talked about in scientific circles.

During the meeting of the British Association the greatest possible prominence was given to electrical questions and propositio Electric Power. Continued It has been proved to a certain extent that electricity can be used to transmit power to a distance, and that it can be used to store it up.

Thus far the man of pure science. The engineer now comes on Rood, Professor of Physics in Columbia College. In the July number of this Journal for , I gave a short account of certain changes in the Sprengel-pump by means of which far better va Part 2 Vacuum-Bulb Leaving the reservoir, the mercury enters the vacuum-bulb, B, Figure 2, where it parts with most of its air and moisture; this bulb also serves to catch the air that creeps into the pump Part 3 Manipulation The necessary connections are effected with a cement made by melting Burgundy pitch with three or four per cent of gutta percha.

It is indispensable that the cement when cold should be s Part 4 Measurement Of The Vacuum The cylinder into which the gauge-tube dips is first elevated by a box sufficiently thick merely to close the gauge, afterwards boxes are placed under it sufficient to eleva Part 5 Rate Of The Pump's Work It is quite important to know the rate of the pump at different degrees of exhaustion, for the purpose of enabling the experimenter to produce a definite exhaustion with facil Part 6 Exhaustion Obtained With A Plain Sprengel Pump I made a series of experiments with a plain Sprengel pump without stopcocks, and arranged, as far as possible, like the instrument just described.

The l Crystallization Table The following table, prepared by E.

What is LAXO-VAR?

Finot and Arm. Bertrand for the Jour. Chemie,' Water Gas. In many countries and for many years past, inventors have sought some cheap and The authors described their exp Hydrophobia Prevented By Vaccination M. Pasteur and other French savants have lately been devoting special attention to hydrophobia.

The great authority on germs has, in fact, definitely announced that he does not intend to rest until he The two-winged flies, in their behavior to man, stand in a marked contrast to all the other orders of insects. The Lepidoptera, the Coleoptera, the Neuroptera, the Hymenoptera no doub Continued Now it is very true that no one has seen a fly feasting upon the blood of a heifer or sheep dying or just dead of splenic fever, has then watched it settle upon and bite some person, and has traced th A short historical review of the various opinions of mank The year was signalized by an astronomical discovery of great importance, and one which marked the epoch as memorable in the annals of science.

A musician at Bath, Wil Part 2 As soon as the existence of the new orb was confirmed and the fact rendered indisputable, the question naturally arose whether it had ever been seen in former years by the authors of star catalogues, Part 4 Notwithstanding the extreme difficulty with which the Uranian satellites are observed, the two brighter ones, Titania and Oberon, discovered by William Herschel in , have been occasionally detecte Part 5 In commenting upon the centenary of an important scientific discovery we are naturally attracted to inquire what progress has been made in the same field during the comparatively short interval of one This is in a general sense called medical geography, as a physician who has prescribed Kind Treatment Of Horses It has been observed by experienced horse trainers that naturally vicious horses are rare, and that among those that are properly trained and kindly treated when colts they are the exception.

It is s The machine illustrated on first page has been constructed for Port Alfred Harbor, this being one of several harbors now being made by Sir J. Coode in Sout Improved Steam-Boiler An improvement in steam-boilers, best understood by reference to the ordinary vertical form, has been introduced by Mr. Moy, London. Here the flue is central, and, as shown in the accompanying illu The Elevated Railways Of New York But few persons who have not been in New York since the construction of the elevated roads, and witnessed their equipments and operations, can have any adequate idea of the extent of them, and of the American Antimony A Baltimore dispatch informs us that a carload of antimony, ten tons in all, was lately received by C.

I am quite sure the section will agree with me in thinking it was very fortunate for us, and for sc The Steam-Engine Employed For Manufacturing Purposes In , the steam-engine for these purposes was commonly the condensing beam engine, and was supplied with steam from boilers, known, from their shape, as wagon boilers; this shape appears to have be The Evaporative Condenser Moreover, all the parts of the engine are self-contained; they no longer depend upon the foundation, and in many cases the condensing is effected either by surface condensers, or, where there is not s Steam Navigation In , there were a considerable number of paddle steamers running along some of the rivers in England, and across the Channel to the Continent.

But there were no ocean steamers, properly so-called, Marine Governors We have also now marine engines, governed by governors of such extreme sensitiveness as to give them the semblance of being endowed with the spirit of prophecy, as they appear rather to be regulating Light Engines And Boilers I wish, before quitting this section of my subject, to call your attention to two very interesting but very different kinds of marine engines.

One is the high-speed torpedo vessel, or steam launch, of The Perkins System The second marine engine to which I wish to call your attention is one that has been made with a view to great economy. The principles followed in its construction are among those suggested by the Pre Ether Engine Our president alluded to the employment of ether as a means of utilizing the heat which escaped into the condenser, and gave some account of what was done by Mons.

Du Tremblay in this direction.