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The evidence outlined above suggests that even when stimuli are not processed to the level of conscious attention.
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The area covered by the KI was verified using random village checks. Data were entered and analysed using Epi info 6.

Blinding: taking a better look at the blind side

Eleven villages were not included because they were situated across the river and the only means of accessing the villages was by canoe. The KIs were relatively young mean age Six KIs reported not finding any blind children in their village. After vision testing and examination by the ophthalmologist, 37 of children The remaining children had either unilateral blindness or visual impairment; no child brought by KIs had normal visual acuity. Male KIs were just as likely to identify boys and girls with vision loss as female KIs.

Nine male KIs brought 15 blind children 1. Among the seven attending school four boys, three girls four were at an integrated school, two were at a normal school and one was at a school for the blind.


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All children identified with operable conditions or who could be improved with correction were referred to the appropriate centres for treatment. Most of the identified children had obvious severe unilateral eye problems, with one in four being unilateral blind by WHO criteria. It is possible that some blind children were not identified by KI; however, they are probably few in number since follow-up checks with village leaders revealed that all villagers had been visited by a KI and KIs were familiar with their work.

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Village leaders were more likely to select women KIs. The selection of women as KI was anticipated since responsibilities regarding health of children primarily lies with women. Most men in this area work in sugar plantations and are not living at home. The women KIs reported that they felt that it was their duty as mothers to ensure that all the blind children were identified. In spite of these community preconceived parameters regarding roles and responsibilities, male KIs were more productive.

Reasons for lower female productivity could be due to literacy educational attainment of women may have limited their understanding during training , inability to travel distant from their homes, less assertiveness in promotion of their activities, and other family responsibilities. It is also possible that parents, perceiving men as having greater authority when interacting with health care providers, were more likely to bring children forward for treatment. The implication of this is that the KI method, although useful in identifying children who are blind or with severe visual impairment, may have an uneven coverage.

Qualitative work is needed to further understand gender roles that empower or disempower men and women to identify blind children.

Super Powers for the Blind and Deaf

Further research is needed to determine whether KIs can be effective in assisting children in placement in an appropriate educational setting. In summary, our findings suggest that a KI method may be an effective tool for identifying blind children in rural Africa. Referral networks also need to be created for children who could benefit from education and rehabilitation. Understanding the potential roles and responsibilities of KI and comparison with other community health workers is needed.

World Health Organisation. Prevention of Blindness and Deafness. Global Initiative for Elimination of Avoidable Blindness.

Blind (severely sight impaired) - TV Licensing ™

Gilbert C, Foster A. Bull World Health Organ ; 79 3 : — Van Dijk K, Courtright P. Barriers to surgical intervention among blind and low vision children in Malawi. Vis Impair Res ; 2 2 : 75— Key informant method for identifying children with blindness and severe visual impairment in the Community. Reaching the unreached. Unpublished data, Muhit MA. Finding blind children: key informant methodology. J Comm Eye Health ; 62 20 : 30— The key informant method: a novel means of ascertaining blind children in Bangladesh.

Br J Ophthalmol ; 91 : — Causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in Bangladesh: a study of children. Br J Ophthalmol ; 91 8 : — National Statistical Office.


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Malawi Housing and Population Census Zomba, Malawi. Gilbert CE. Childhood Blindness: a new form for recording causes of visual loss in children. Bull World Health Organ ; 71 : — Download references.

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Correspondence to K Kalua. This includes conditions such as dementia, sudden attacks of dizziness or fainting, epilepsy unless it is of a type which does not pose a danger if you drive and any other disability which would cause you to be a danger to yourself or others when driving. Please note: You need not have ever applied for a driving licence, but you will need to provide evidence that you are not eligible for a driving licence on medical grounds. You will not qualify if your condition is related to the persistent misuse of drugs or alcohol. Medical professionals are those who can provide supporting evidence; this includes hospital consultants,occupational therapists, physiotherapists, general practitioners and nurses.

Please note, if you are providing a medical evidence form you must also fill out an application form for your Travel Pass.

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You can fill out the form online , or if you are not able to apply online, please see the section applying through your local council to find out about other ways to apply. Some medical professionals might charge a fee to provide you with a letter or to complete an evidence form. We cannot help with any of the costs. Blind and Disabled Pass Eligibility.

Other ways to provide evidence If you are not in receipt of any of the benefits detailed above, you will need to provide other evidence of your disability. These disabilities must have started before adulthood and have a lasting effect on development.