As this Chapter deals with the imperishable and absolute nature of God and the Pranava Mantra 'OM', which symbolizes it, it is entitled Akshara Brahma Yoga.
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I am Adhiyajna, the five basic elements, In the body, O Arjuna. There is no doubt about this. Remembering whatever object one leaves the body At the end of life, one attains that object, O Arjuna, because of the constant thought of that object. Therefore, always remember Me and do your duty. You shall certainly attain Me If your mind and intellect are fixed on Me. By contemplating on Me with an unwavering mind, Disciplined by the practice of meditation, One attains the Supreme divine spirit, O Arjuna.
The one who meditates on Brahman as the omniscient, The oldest, the controller, smaller than the smallest The sustainer of everything, the inconceivable, The self luminous like the sun, And as transcendental or beyond the material reality; At the time of death with steadfast mind and devotion; Making the flow of Pranic impulse rise up By the power of yoga and holding there; Attains the Supreme divine spirit. I shall briefly explain to you that goal Which the knowers of the Vedas call the imperishable; Into which the ascetics, freed from attachment, enter; And desiring which people lead a life of celibacy.
Controlling all the nine doors of the body, The abode of consciousness; Focusing the mind on the heart and Prana In the cerebrum, and engaged in yogic practice; One who leaves the body While meditating on Brahman and uttering OM, The sacred monosyllable sound of Brahman, Attains the Supreme goal. I am easily attainable, O Arjuna, By that ever steadfast yogi Who always thinks of Me And whose mind does not go elsewhere.
After attaining Me The great souls do not incur rebirth, The impermanent home of misery, Because they have attained the highest perfection. The dwellers of all the worlds Including the world of Brahmaa, the creator, Are subject to repeated birth and death. But, after attaining Me, O Arjuna, One does not take birth again. Those who know that the day of Brahmaa Lasts one thousand Yugas And that his night also lasts one thousand Yugas, They are the knowers of day and night.
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All manifestations come out of The unmanifest state or Prakriti At the arrival of Brahmaa's day, And they again merge into the same Prakriti At the coming of Brahmaa's night. The same multitude of beings Come into existence again and again At the arrival of the day of Brahmaa, And they are annihilated, inevitably, v At the arrival of Brahmaa's night. There is another eternal unmanifest state Higher than Prakriti that does not perish When all beings perish.
Jnana yoga is the path of wisdom, knowledge, and direct experience of Brahman as the ultimate reality. The path renounces both desires and actions, and is therefore depicted as being steep and very difficult in the Bhagavad Gita. When a sensible man ceases to see different identities, which are due to different material bodies, he attains to the Brahman conception. Thus he sees that beings are expanded everywhere.
One who knowingly sees this difference between the body and the owner of the body and can understand the process of liberation from this bondage, also attains to the supreme goal. According to Dennis Hudson, there is an overlap between Vedic and Tantric rituals with the teachings found in the Bhagavad Gita. The Shatapatha Brahmana , for example, mentions the absolute Purusha who dwells in every human being. A story in this vedic text, states Hudson, highlights the meaning of the name Vasudeva as the 'shining one deva who dwells vasu in all things and in whom all things dwell', and the meaning of Vishnu to be the 'pervading actor'.
In Bhagavad Gita, similarly, 'Krishna identified himself both with Vasudeva, Vishnu and their meanings'. This edition had an introduction to the Gita by Warren Hastings. Soon the work was translated into other European languages such as German, French and Russian. John Garrett, and the efforts being supported by Sir. Bhagavad Gita integrates various schools of thought, notably Vedanta, Samkhya and Yoga, and other theistic ideas.
It remains a popular text for commentators belonging to various philosophical schools.
Bhagavad Gita: Akshara Brahma Yoga | YogaGlo
However, its composite nature also leads to varying interpretations of the text. In the words of Mysore Hiriyanna ,. The oldest and most influential medieval commentary was that of Adi Shankara — CE , [] also known as Shankaracharya Sanskrit: Ramanujacharya's commentary chiefly seeks to show that the discipline of devotion to God Bhakti yoga is the way of salvation. Madhva , a commentator of the Dvaita Vedanta school, [] whose dates are given either as — CE [] or as — CE , [74] also known as Madhvacharya Sanskrit: It has been annotated on by many ancient pontiffs of Dvaita Vedanta school like Padmanabha Tirtha , Jayatirtha , and Raghavendra Tirtha.
In the Shaiva tradition, [] the renowned philosopher Abhinavagupta 10—11th century CE has written a commentary on a slightly variant recension called Gitartha-Samgraha. At a time when Indian nationalists were seeking an indigenous basis for social and political action, Bhagavad Gita provided them with a rationale for their activism and fight against injustice. The Gujarati manuscript was translated into English by Mahadev Desai, who provided an additional introduction and commentary. It was published with a foreword by Gandhi in Although Vivekananda did not write any commentaries on the Bhagavad Gita , his works contained numerous references to the Gita , such as his lectures on the four yogas — Bhakti, Gyaana, Karma, and Raja.
Chinmayananda took a syncretistic approach to interpret the text of the Gita. The Bhagavad Gita , was released Eknath Easwaran has also written a commentary on the Bhagavad Gita. It examines the applicability of the principles of Gita to the problems of modern life. The version by A. The Gita has also been translated into European languages other than English.
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In , passages from the Gita were part of the first direct translation of Sanskrit into German, appearing in a book through which Friedrich Schlegel became known as the founder of Indian philology in Germany. Gita Press has published the Gita in multiple Indian languages. Raghava Iyengar translated the Gita into Tamil in sandam metre poetic form.
The textual development of the Bhagavad Gita has been researched, but the methods of this research have developed since its onset in the late 18th century. According to Adluri and Bagchee, 19th century German Indologists had an anti-Brahmanic stance, [] due to their "Protestant suspicion of the Brahmans. With the translation and study of the Bhagavad Gita by Western scholars beginning in the early 18th century, the Bhagavad Gita gained a growing appreciation and popularity. The Bhagavad-Gita deals essentially with the spiritual foundation of human existence.
It is a call of action to meet the obligations and duties of life; yet keeping in view the spiritual nature and grander purpose of the universe.
Robert Oppenheimer , American physicist and director of the Manhattan Project , learned Sanskrit in and read the Bhagavad Gita in the original form, citing it later as one of the most influential books to shape his philosophy of life. Oppenheimer later recalled that, while witnessing the explosion of the Trinity nuclear test , he thought of verses from the Bhagavad Gita XI, If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst at once into the sky, that would be like the splendor of the mighty one We knew the world would not be the same.
A few people laughed, a few people cried. Most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad Gita ; Vishnu is trying to persuade the Prince that he should do his duty and, to impress him, takes on his multi-armed form and says, 'Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds. Philip Glass retold the story of Gandhi's early development as an activist in South Africa through the text of the Gita in the opera Satyagraha The entire libretto of the opera consists of sayings from the Gita sung in the original Sanskrit. Mauritius is the partner country and Uttar Pradesh is the partner state for this event.
About 20 lakh people participated in Gita Mahotsav last year, which also included people from 35 countries.
Brahma Yoga Bhagavad Gita
About 25—30 lakh people are expected to participate in this event till December 3, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Bhagavad Gita disambiguation. For other uses, see Gita disambiguation. Krishna and Arjuna at Kurukshetra , c. Chronology of Hindu texts.
Influence of Bhagavad Gita. In the literature, the quote usually appears in the form shatterer of worlds, because this was the form in which it first appeared in print, in Time magazine on November 8, A Personal History of the Atomic Scientists , [] which was based on an interview with Oppenheimer. It is acting in accordance with your skills and talents, your own nature svabhava , and that which you are responsible for karma.
Arjuna's chariot is the body. The blind king Dhritarashtra is the mind under the spell of ignorance, and his hundred sons are man's numerous evil tendencies. The battle, a perennial one, is between the power of good and the power of evil. The warrior who listens to the advice of the Lord speaking from within will triumph in this battle and attain the Highest Good. Tilak and Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi as notable commentators see: Gambhirananda , p. Tilak and Gandhi and their use to inspire the independence movement see: Sargeant , p.
Bhagavad Gita according to Gandhi. A New Look at the Bhagavad Gita, p. History, interpretations and philosophy, Chapter 4. Modern Religious Movements in India , https: Sampatkumaran , p. The Bhagavad Gita Second ed. Retrieved 18 January Flood , p. Minor , p. The Gospel of Selfless Action. The author is listed as M.
Gandhi; Mahadev Desai, translator. Retrieved 8 February Winternitz , p. The named reference Hijiya was invoked but never defined see the help page. The Universal Form, Text 12".
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Retrieved July 19, Robert Oppenheimer on the Trinity test ". Retrieved May 23, The Universal Form, text 32". Bhagavad As It Is. Retrieved 24 October Retrieved March 6, A Text and Commentary for Students , Eastbourne: Past and present , Princeton, New Jersey: Srimad Bhagavadgita in Sanskrit and Hindi. Michael Beloved's and Miller's translation of the Gita, although somewhat different in composition, are refreshingly similar in intrpretation. I also compared this book, Brahma Yoga Bhagavad Gita to Michael Beloved's other book, Kriya Yoga Bhagavad Gita, and found that although the interpretations are the same the commentaries are quite different.
This might seem contradictory on the surface but the differences compound the understanding of the conflict that was going on inside the warrior Arjuna. Amazon Giveaway allows you to run promotional giveaways in order to create buzz, reward your audience, and attract new followers and customers. Learn more about Amazon Giveaway. Brahma Yoga Bhagavad Gita. Set up a giveaway. Feedback If you need help or have a question for Customer Service, contact us. Would you like to report poor quality or formatting in this book?
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