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1. 'WHITES' TEND TO SEE WHITE AS THE 'HUMAN ORDINARY' Here theories derived from White Studies can be taught (see Chapter 1) as these theories The second edition of Race, Culture and Counselling by Colin Lago () has.
Table of contents
The combination of conceptual and practical wisdom makes this book a must-read for social sector leaders of the 21st century. In this book, she deftly combines theory with concrete tools and exercises to help us develop the leadership skills we need to lead societal and institutional change. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.
Academic Skip to main content. Search Start Search. Choose your country or region Close. To purchase, visit your preferred ebook provider. East Shares leadership practices that can be used in organizational and communities settings Combines theory with practices, discussion questions, and activities Features case examples from helping and service professions. Also of Interest. Coercive Control Evan Stark.
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Kelly, and Robert Constable. Hardcastle, Patricia R. In addition, Snyder and his colleagues found that that people were more likely to continue volunteering when their existing social support networks were weak. These results again show that people will help more if they see it as rewarding. So if you want to get people to help, try to increase the rewards of doing so, for instance, by enhancing their mood or by offering incentives. Simple things, such as noticing, praising, and even labeling helpful behavior can be enough.
In short, once we start to think of ourselves as helpful people, self-perception takes over and we continue to help.
Skills for Helping Professionals
And the programs in many schools, businesses, and other institutions that encourage students and workers to volunteer by rewarding them for doing so are also effective in increasing volunteering Clary et al. Helping also occurs in part because of other-concern. We are more likely to help people we like and care about, we feel similar to, and with whom we experience positive emotions.
Therefore, anything that we can do to increase our connections with others will likely increase helping. We must work to encourage ourselves, our friends, and our children to interact with others—to help them meet and accept new people and to instill a sense of community and caring in them. These social connections will make us feel closer to others and increase the likelihood we will help them. We must also work to install the appropriate norms in our children.
Kids must be taught not to be selfish and to value the norms of sharing and altruism.
One way to increase our connection with others is to make those people highly salient and personal. As a result of this campaign, in only the first year of the campaign, the waiting list for organ transplants in the city of Recife was reduced to zero. Similar campaigns are now being planned in France and Spain. When we see a single person suffering, we naturally feel strong emotional responses to that person.
Social Psychology | Simply Psychology
And, as we have seen, the emotions that we feel when others are in need are powerful determinants of helping. In fact, Paul Slovic found that people are simply unable to identify with statistical and abstract descriptions of need because they do not feel emotions for these victims in the same way they do for individuals.
They argued that when people seem completely oblivious or numb to the needs of millions of people who are victims of earthquakes, genocide, and other atrocities, it is because the victims are presented as statistics rather than as individual cases. We can also use what we have learned about helping in emergency situations to increase the likelihood of responding. Most importantly, we must remember how strongly pluralistic ignorance can influence the interpretation of events and how quickly responsibility can be diffused among the people present at an emergency.
Therefore, in emergency situations we must attempt to counteract pluralistic ignorance and diffusion of responsibility by remembering that others do not necessarily know more than we do.
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Please call the police! I need help! Addis, M. Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. American Psychologist, 58 1 , 5— Baron, J. Limiting the scope of moral obligations to help: A cross-cultural investigation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31 6 , — Batson, C. Religious prosocial motivation: Is it altruistic or egoistic? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57 5 , — Becker, S.
The heroism of women and men. American Psychologist, 59 3 , — Benson, P. Adolescence and religion: A review of the literature from to Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 1 , — Bickman, L. The effect of race and need on helping behavior. Journal of Social Psychology, 89 1 , 73— Blaine, B. The unintended negative consequences of sympathy for the stigmatized.
Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25 10 , — Borman, W.
Personality predictors of citizenship performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9 1—2 , 52— Brickman, P. Models of helping and coping. American Psychologist, 37 4 , — Carneiro, J. How thousands of football fans are helping to save lives. Clary, E.
Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers: A functional approach.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74 6 , — Davis, M. The heritability of characteristics associated with dispositional empathy. Journal of Personality, 62 3 , — DePaulo, B. Help that works: The effects of aid on subsequent task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41 3 , — Dooley, P.
Eagly, A. Comparing the heroism of women and men. American Psychologist, 60 4 , — Eisenberg, N. Consistency and development of prosocial dispositions: A longitudinal study. Child Development, 70 6 , — Furrow, J. Religion and positive youth development: Identity, meaning, and prosocial concerns.
Applied Developmental Science, 8 1 , 17— Grusec, J. Modeling, direct instruction, and attributions: Effects on altruism. Developmental Psychology, 14 1 , 51— Holmes, J. Committing altruism under the cloak of self-interest: The exchange fiction. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38 2 , — Kluegel, J. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter. Kraut, R. Effects of social labeling on giving to charity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 9 6 , — Lerner, M. The belief in a just world: A fundamental delusion.
New York, NY: Plenum. Mansfield, A. Miller, J. Perceptions of social responsibilities in India and in the United States: Moral imperatives or personal decisions? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58 1 , 33— Morgan, S. A research note on religion and morality: Are religious people nice people?