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The Plebeian Republic challenges well-established interpretations of state making, The Huanta Rebellion and the Making of the Peruvian State, –
Table of contents
- Anxious citizenship : insecurity, apocalypse and war memories in Peru's Andes
- History of Peru
- MDS: | LibraryThing
Anxious citizenship : insecurity, apocalypse and war memories in Peru's Andes
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History of Peru
Skickas inom vardagar. Laddas ned direkt. Combining social and political history, The Plebeian Republic challenges well-established interpretations of state making, rural society, and caudillo politics during the early years of Peru's republic. Cecilia Mendez presents the first in-depth reconstruction and analysis of the Huanta rebellion of , an uprising of peasants, muleteers, landowners, and Spanish officers from the Huanta province in the department of Ayacucho against the new Peruvian republic.
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- Catalog Record: The plebeian republic : the Huanta rebellion | HathiTrust Digital Library.
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By situating the rebellion within the broader context of early-nineteenth-century Peruvian politics and tracing Huanta peasants' transformation from monarchist rebels to liberal guerrillas, Mendez complicates understandings of what it meant to be a patriot, a citizen, a monarchist, a liberal, and a Peruvian during a foundational moment in the history of South American nation-states.
In addition to official sources such as trial dossiers, census records, tax rolls, wills, and notary and military records, Mendez uses a wide variety of previously unexplored sources produced by the mostly Quechua-speaking rebels. She reveals the Huanta rebellion as a complex interaction of social, linguistic, economic, and political forces.
Rejecting ideas of the Andean rebels as passive and reactionary, she depicts the barely literate insurgents as having had a clear idea of national political struggles and contends that most local leaders of the uprising invoked the monarchy as a source of legitimacy but did not espouse it as a political system. She argues that despite their pronouncements of loyalty to the Spanish crown, the rebels' behavior evinced a political vision that was different from both the colonial regime and the republic that followed it.
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Eventually, their political practices were subsumed into those of the republican state. Passar bra ihop. Recensioner i media.
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Moreover, Huanta also lies at the center of one of the important transversal arteries, allowing access to both the Amazon lowlands and the coast. This is the setting for the avowedly monarchist rebellion of the Iquichanos between and and its republican aftermath. Shortly after the final defeat of the Spanish viceregal army by patriot forces near Ayacucho on December 9, , a broad alliance of Spanish officers and merchants, a few Creole landholders and traders, mestizo and indigenous muleteers, and pastoralists and farmers from the valleys and high plains around Huanta refused to recognize the new republican authorities and began a military campaign in the name of King Ferdinand VII of Spain.
The rebels sacked haciendas, distributed coca fields in the lowlands, attacked towns, established their own authorities and a government in remote high plain hamlets, collected taxes, and issued judicial sentences and decrees, all in the name of the Spanish king. It took over two years, until mid, before government troops aided by peasant militias from neighboring provinces fully squelched the rebellion.
But during the subsequent decades, the indigenous leaders of the Iquichanos would be repeatedly solicited by liberal caudillos to support them in civil wars against their conservative adversaries.
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Surprisingly, the Huanta peasants agreed to these requests, to the point of perhaps bringing the decisive force to bear in several key battles deciding the course of national politics. Middle strata among traders, muleteers and coca growers could thus emerge as the military leaders of the rebellion, regardless of ethnic origin.
Only since the mid-nineteenth century did provincial and national elites refer to the inhabitants of the Huanta highlands as Iquichanos , pristine descendants of the Chankas who had fought against the Inkas. This ahistorical essentialization and primitivization of the Huanta peasantry would sadly resurface in Mario Vargas Llosa's commission report about the massacre of eight journalists at Uchuraccay—the erstwhile capital of the monarchist rebels—during the civil war between the Peruvian state and Sendero Luminoso.