Editorial Reviews. Review. "Every student should read Ahwahnee: an Indian Tale to understand the pain of Native Americans inflicted by the whites." J. Tony.
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- American Indians share their Yosemite story | The Fresno Bee
- Ahwahnee: An Indian Tale
- The Legend Of The Face On Half Dome | Sierra News Online
- An Indian Tale
At a certain time known to the Mono Indians, the caterpillars left their home in the trees hoping to enter the ground to form their pupal cases. But shallow trenches were dug by the Indians in the loose soil around the trees where the Peaggi became trapped. The women visited these traps regularly and collected the caterpillars that had accumulated there. They were then dried and stored away for cooking into stew. Miner's Lettuce was eaten raw, but often red ants would be allowed to run over the leaves to flavor them with formic acid The shoots of the Brake Fern, which commonly grows in most moist, shaded regions of the valley floor and canyon walls, were harvested when the fronds were in the most tender uncurling stage.
After removing their "hairiness" by scraping, they would be eaten raw or could be cooked if they preferred. Clover was eaten without preparation when the plants were young and tender just prior to their flowering stage.
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To prevent indigestion, California Bay nut was often munched along with the clover. Lupinus bi-color, as well as other species of the lupine family made good greens, especially when moistened with manzanita cider. Various kinds of bulbs were such an important part of the diet of the Yosemite Indians that one group within the tribe became known as "Diggers" to the early California settlers.
The bulbs that made for especially good eating were those of the "Squaw Root", and the various brodiaeas, especially bulbs of the Harvest Brodiaea, and Camass. To prepare them, bulbs were baked in an earthen oven where:. First the pit was dug, and a layer of hot stones were placed in the bottom of it.
These were then covered with leaves. A layer of bulbs was next Mushrooms are in season in Yosemite during April and May, and were usually shredded and dried or boiled and eaten with mineral salt, or as a soup. Manzanita berries, are smooth-skinned and have an agreeable acidic flavor. They were usually eaten raw, but could be made into cider for drinking directly or for mixing with other food preparations.
In making the cider, berries were placed in a basket and crushed into a coarse pulp. Gradually water was added and allowed to drip into a watertight basket beneath. As the water seeped through the pulp, the berry flavors were captured. Other favorite berries of the Yosemite Indians were wild raspberries, thimble berries, wild strawberries, currants, gooseberries, squaw berries, and wild cherries.
Fresh meat was usually broiled on hot coals, but could be roasted before the fire. Sometimes it was baked in earthen ovens. For consumption during the winter, meat was dried into long, thin strips by hanging exposed to the air and sunlight. It was sometimes cured instead on racks above small fires.
American Indians share their Yosemite story | The Fresno Bee
Squirrel, rabbit and fish were often roasted directly on the coals, or amongst the hot ashes. To make cooking more rapid, the animal itself was sometimes stuffed with hot coals before roasting. At meal time, the Indian family gathered around the prepared basket of acorn mush.
Using the first two fingers as spoons, the family would dip from the same basket. Sometimes instead with finer mush, a single finger was twisted around and around as with the Pacific Islanders when they are eating poi. Manzanita cider, was served as an appetizer, and was usually enjoyed by dipping a small stick with feathers fastened to one end into the beverage, and then sucking the drink from the feathers.
Julia Parker is a National Treasure. You will enjoy it Willow, squaw bush, red-bud, tule-root, maiden-hair fern, brake fern, wire bunch grass and the red strips of bark from the Creek Dogwood were some of the most common sources. She knew the names of all the "basket material" plants, where they could be found, and the proper time of year to gather them. But finding and gathering the proper plant material was only the first step in the process of basket weaving.
Ahwahnee: An Indian Tale
The proper preparation of these materials was of equal importance. Peeling and trimming to the correct width, fineness and length, and then either soaking in cold water, boiling in hot water or burying in mud Each basket was designed with a specific purpose in mind. A good example is the large conical shaped basket designed for carrying heavy burdens Another specialized basket used by the Yosemite Indians was the mush-bowl baskets which has already been mentioned. Dipper baskets were small and tightly woven devices designed for holding liquids and drinking.
Cradles, of openwork basketry were woven and then covered with deer skin for carrying the papoose. The Yosemite Indians referred to this device as a "hickey". Special ornately designed baskets were woven specifically for use in wedding and dance ceremonies. For food harvesting, basket weirs were used by the Yosemite Indians for catching fish. Woven seed beaters were used for beating seeds into carrying baskets. A twining and coiling method was commonly used by Yosemite Indian women in weaving their baskets.
The "twined basket", is made with a heavy foundation that is vertical from the center to the rim In the "coiled basket", the heavy foundation is laid in horizontal coils around the basket with the filling running in spirals around heavy twigs. The fibers from the dry outer layers of the soap-root were commonly used as scrubbing brushes for cleaning the cooking baskets.
For design colors, the roots of the brake fern were boiled to obtain a black dye; red-bud produced red.
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Before she started her basket, the Yosemite Indian woman had to know exactly where to begin each figure of the design. And as the bowl of the basket continued to flare, the size of each figure had to be increased accordingly. Considering that she was working entirely without directions, the design, color, and mathematical accuracy of her finished baskets is a superb example of fine art. The bow and arrow was the principal weapon for both hunting and warfare, and in the hands of a skilled marksman could kill out to fifty yards.
Like the Indian woman weaving her baskets, the Indian brave displayed great skill fashioning his bows and arrows. Either Incense Cedar or California Nutmeg were used for the wood of the bow. When cedar was used, the Indian craftsman knew that it was necessary for the wood to be treated for several days with deer marrow The bow was normally three to four feet long, was backed with sinew for added strength, and had re-curved ends.
The glue that was used for applying the sinew to the back of the bow was made by boiling deer bones and combining that with pitch. A plain bow without the reinforcement of a sinew backing was fine for hunting small game at closer ranges, and twisted sinew made the best bow strings. Deer were commonly stalked by hunters disguised by deer skins. By imitating the movements of the deer, a skilled hunter draped in deer skins could often approach near enough to his prey to make a successful shot.
When more than one deer was desired, the Yosemite Indians would either drive the deer herd into an awaiting ambush, or into traps made of nets.
The Legend Of The Face On Half Dome | Sierra News Online
The Yosemite Indian brave designed the arrows for his use on large game in two parts. The shaft had a detachable fore-shaft which remained in the wound, causing catastrophic bleeding leading to a quicker death. First the bark would be removed, and the wood stripped and trimmed to an even thickness.
Feathers and obsidian arrow points were then attached. Feathers was split down the middle, and the four half feathers were attached to each shaft with a wrapping.
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Obsidian arrow heads were then fitted into slots in the end of the shaft, held in place by sinew wrapping and pitch. Obsidian is a type of volcanic glass and produces razor sharp edges. It was the material of choice for the manufacture of arrow heads and other cutting tools. Obsidian was most often obtained from quarries in the Mono or Owens Valley region.
It was a valuable trade article of the Mono Piutes, who periodically visited Yosemite Valley to trade. The Yosemite Indians themselves would occasionally make journeys across the Sierra in search of obsidian.
Pieces of obsidian suitable for working into tools were picked up off of the ground or were broken from larger masses of it. The smaller pieces intended for arrow points were broken from the rock of obsidian by striking it sharply and skillfully with a tool called a hammer-stone. In this operation the obsidian rock was held in one hand, and the hammer-stone in the other. The flakes of obsidian that were obtained by hammering would then be shaped further by a tool of deer antler.
The arrowhead was then finished and sharpened by removing even smaller chips along the edges of the point with a smaller antler implement. With the obsidian grasped in the palm of one hand and protected by a buckskin pad, pressure was exerted on the edge of the arrowhead with the sharp end of the antler tool and these were chipped to an incredible sharpness.
Fish were gathered by the Yosemite Indians by spearing using a wooden shaft fitted to a bone point. One end of a small cord was securely attached to the point and the other was held in the fisherman's hand. Once struck, the struggles of the impaled fish freed the point from the shaft, and the fish was landed by the fisherman with the cord.
David Hubbard June 17, - 9: These prominent and overpowering features of Yosemite simply cannot be missed, even by the casual visitor who is just passing through. Every rock formation that we see today exists because of its unique granite structure. Half Dome is another example of granite that has withstood the formative action of the ancient glaciers.
It is such a prominent and unusual feature of the valley, that over the years it has become the accepted icon of Yosemite. But there are still things about Half Dome that you have likely never noticed! The Yosemite Indians told legends that not only explained things as they saw them, but told a story with a moral…a lesson. The legend of Tis-sa-ack is a perfect example of this, and remains one of my favorites. The Legend Of Tis-sa-ack: There is a reason for everything and a story explaining all that you see…. The old Indian woman and her husband finally arrived at the Valley they knew as Ahwahnee.
Yosemite Posters are highly collectible. Modern versions are much more affordable though! The Awani Press Publications Catalog. Before exotic game fish were introduced to Yosemite's high country there were none! Some Yosemite Birds were named in honor of people Yosemite Valley views will surround you with something for everyone. Come see for yourself. Come and learn about it!
It is everything about Yosemite carried in your pocket! After their meeting, the President felt compelled to further protect lands for public use. The Yosemite Mule Deer are beautiful animals. Named for big "mule-like" ears they can most often been seen grazing in Yosemite's big meadows. Mountain Lions in Yosemite are rarely ever seen. They are extremely intelligent and wary of humans.
An Indian Tale
Deer are the primary source of food for many of Yosemite's carnivores. Read this account of the results of a coyote attack. The Coyote of Yosemite is more often heard than seen. Though you may not see one, you can be sure that he sees you. Learn more about this beautiful wild animal. Yosemite's first photographers were a special breed of man.
Part mountain man, part chemist and all were innovative artists. Young Florence Hutchings galloped out to meet the incoming stagecoaches with a flourish. She quickly became a Yosemite legend. Pioneer painter Thomas Hill is known as "Yosemite's painter".
Revisit Yosemite in the days of the Indians. Camp Curry was the first affordable accommodation in Yosemite Park. Here is the story!