The 25th Colony

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Jul 06, Glen rated it liked it Shelves: I won this novel in a goodreads drawing.

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This is a rather odd novel. It seems to be a number of short stories that were re-edited into a novel format. Unfortunately, all of the stories were abridged, and are never really given any time to gel. I felt this was a real shame. It starts in the jungles of Brazil, where an adventurer is on an expedition to find a snake of 30 feet long, and encounters a female alien along the way.

This is a good pre I won this novel in a goodreads drawing. This is a good premise for an entire novel itself, but it only lasts a short time before Another alien lands in Egypt and becomes a Batman like vigilante in Cairo. Then aliens, much like the grays we've all heard about offer to help humans colonize space. Why anyone would trust the grays who are best known for anal probes is beyond me, but they do. Then there's something of an Asimovian tale of helper robots paired with Jurassic Park dinosaurs. There's a marriage between an earthling and an alien cave dweller. The administrator of the 25 colony has an interesting personal story about his decision to go to space, which never really comes to anything.

He becomes a famous facilitator, and travels to other colonies to help solve their problems. Each of these stories could be a novel in themselves.

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This facilitator also ends up with two wives, which I think the author forgot. There's a series of at least five books here, and none of them were well served by being stuffed into a single novel. Still, it was entertaining for what it was. Cecilia Dunbar Hernandez rated it it was amazing Jun 06, Alan marked it as to-read Apr 30, Frederick Rotzien marked it as to-read Apr 30, Carla marked it as to-read Apr 30, Sara marked it as to-read Apr 30, Nicola Fantom marked it as to-read Apr 30, Betty marked it as to-read Apr 30, Cole Marie Mckinnon marked it as to-read Apr 30, Courtney marked it as to-read Apr 30, Andrew's Parish 3 delegates.

Bartholomew's Parish 4 delegates. George's, Dorchester Parish 2 delegates. Helena's Parish 3 delegates.

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James, Goose Creek Parish 4 delegates. James, Santee Parish 2 delegates. John's, Berkeley Parish 3 delegates. John's, Colleton Parish 3 delegates. Mark's Parish 2 delegates. Michael's Parish 3 delegates.

The Royal Colony of South Carolina - The 25th Commons House of Assembly ()

Paul's Parish 3 delegates. The Portuguese ruling regime of Estado Novo faced criticism from the international community and was becoming increasingly isolated. The colonial war had a profound impact on Portugal—thousands of young men avoided conscription by emigrating illegally, mainly to France and the US. In addition, the other revolutionary Armed Forces Movement MFA 's goals were not in the strict interest of the people of Portugal or its colonies, since the movement was initiated not only as an attempt to liberate Portugal from the authoritarian Estado Novo regime, but as an attempt of rebellion against the new Military Laws that were to be presented next year.

The Revolution and the whole movement were also a way to work against Laws that would reduce military costs and would reformulate the whole Portuguese Military Branch Decree Law: Younger military academy graduates resented a program introduced by Marcello Caetano whereby militia officers who completed a brief training program and had served in the colonies' defensive campaigns, could be commissioned at the same rank as military academy graduates.

As the war in the colonies was becoming increasingly unpopular in Portugal itself with the people becoming weary of war and balking at its ever-rising expense, the military insurgents took advantage of it and got some momentum. Many ethnic Portuguese of the African colonies were also increasingly willing to accept independence if their economic status could be preserved. The new government in Lisbon was disinclined to prop up Portugal's convulsing and by now very expensive empire. All the Portuguese territories in Africa were rapidly granted their independence.


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The movement was significantly aided by other officers in the Portuguese army who supported Spinola and democratic civil and military reform. Some observers have speculated that Costa Gomes actually led the revolution. There were two secret signals in the military coup: Next, on 25 April at This was the signal that the MFA gave to take over strategic points of power in the country and "announced" that the revolution had started and nothing would stop it except "the possibility of a regime's repression".

Six hours later, the Caetano regime relented. Despite repeated appeals from the "captains of April" of the MFA on the radio warning the population to stay safe inside their homes, thousands of Portuguese took to the streets, mingling with the military insurgents and supporting them. One of the central points of those gathering was the Lisbon flower market, then richly stocked with carnations, which were in season.

Some military insurgents would put these flowers in their gun-barrels, an image which was shown on television around the world. This would be the origin of the name of this "Carnation Revolution". Although there were no mass demonstrations by the general population prior to the coup, spontaneous civilian involvement turned the military coup into an event with unexpected popular participation.

Caetano found refuge in the main Lisbon military police station at the Largo do Carmo. The revolution was closely watched from neighbouring Spain, where the government and opposition were planning for the succession of Francisco Franco , who died a year and a half later, in After the military coup in Lisbon on 25 April , power was taken by a military junta, the National Salvation Junta , and Portugal went through a turbulent period, commonly called the Continuing Revolutionary Process Portuguese: Initially there was a confrontation, at times open, at other times hidden, between the conservative forces around Spinola and the radicals of the MFA.

Spinola was forced to appoint key figures in the MFA to senior security positions and as a result an attempted coup to halt the progress of democratisation failed and Spinola was removed from office. Then there followed a confrontation within the MFA, which itself splintered, between the most leftist forces, often close to the Communist party, and the more moderate groupings, often close to the Socialists.

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At a military level, a part of Guinea-Bissau was de facto independent since , but the capital and the major towns were still under Portuguese control. In Angola and Mozambique, independence movements were only active in a few remote countryside areas from which the Portuguese Army had retreated, and the economies of these two territories were booming. A direct consequence of the military coup at Lisbon was the sudden withdrawal of Portuguese administrative and military personnel from Portugal's overseas colonies.

Hundreds of thousands of other Portuguese citizens—workers, small business people, and farmers often with deep roots in the former colonies —also returned to Portugal as retornados. Angola would later enter into a decades-long civil war which involved nations like the Soviet Union , Cuba , South Africa , and the United States. Millions of Angolans would die in the aftermath of independence, due either to the violence of the armed conflict or malnutrition and disease. After a short period of stability, Mozambique would also later enter into a devastating civil war that left it as one of the poorest nations in the world.

Since the s, its situation has improved after the war ended and multi-party elections were held. East Timor was invaded by Indonesia and would later be occupied until There were an estimated , conflict-related deaths in the period —99 approximately 18, killings and 84, 'excess' deaths from hunger and illness , the majority of which occurred during the subsequent Indonesian occupation.

After a long period of one-party rule, Guinea-Bissau endured a brief civil war and a difficult transition to civilian rule in Macau remained a Portuguese colony until when China took control by agreement and went on to pursue a " one country, two systems " policy similar to Hong Kong 's. The Portuguese economy had changed significantly by prior to the revolution, compared with its position in Total output GDP at factor cost had grown by percent in real terms. The pre-revolutionary period was characterized by robust annual growth rates for GDP 6. The revolutionary period itself was characterized by a slowly growing economy whose only impetus was the entering of the European Economic Zone.

It never reached pre-revolutionary period growth rates. On the other hand, despite the progress in the s and early s, Portugal at the time of the Revolution was still an underdeveloped country with poor infrastructure and inefficient agriculture as well as the worst health and education indicators in Europe.

However, researchers agree that pre-revolution Portugal increasingly accomplished notable social and economic achievements.

The 25th Colony

Portuguese economic growth in the period —73 under the Estado Novo regime and even with the effects of an expensive war effort in African territories against independence guerrilla groups , created an opportunity for real integration with the developed economies of Western Europe. Through emigration, trade, tourism and foreign investment, individuals and firms changed their patterns of production and consumption, bringing about a structural transformation.

Simultaneously, the increasing complexity of a growing economy raised new technical and organizational challenges, stimulating the formation of modern professional and management teams. In addition, new Decree Laws Decree Law: In the agricultural sector, the collective farms, set up in Alentejo after the —75 expropriations due to the leftist military coup of 25 April , proved incapable of modernizing, and their efficiency declined. In January , the government pledged to restore the illegally occupied land to its owners, and in , it promulgated the Land Reform Review Law.

Restoration of illegally occupied land began in In , at the initiation of Salazar's more outward-looking economic policy due to the influence of a new wave of technocrats with background in economics some of whom trained abroad, including in liberal capitalist graduate schools from the USA and the UK , Portugal's per capita GDP was only 38 percent of the EC average; by the end of the Salazar period, in , it had risen to 48 percent; and in , on the eve of the revolution, Portugal's per capita GDP had reached In , the year of maximum revolutionary turmoil, Portugal's per capita GDP declined to Due to the new revolutionary economic policies, oil shocks, recession in Europe, the return of hundreds of thousands of overseas Portuguese from the former colonies, Portugal underwent an economic crisis starting in — Convergence of real GDP growth toward the EC average occurred as a result of Portugal's economic resurgence since In Portugal's GDP per capita climbed to This has funded numerous ineffective and unnecessary external consultancy and advising committees and firms, allowed considerable slippage in state-managed public works , inflated top management and head officers' bonuses and wages, causing a persistent and lasting recruitment policy that has boosted the number of redundant public servants.

The economy has also been damaged by risky credit , public debt creation and mismanaged European structural and cohesion funds for almost four decades. The constitution of guarantees all religions the right to practice their faith.