Guide Anglicisms in the Russian Language Based on -ing Borrowings

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The continuous influx of English loan words which started at the end of the XX c. has led to the fact that the set of anglicisms in Russian is becoming more or less similar to borrowed vocabularies of many western European languages. A convincing proof of this fact is The Dictionary of European Languages 1.
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Colloquial speech is not regulated by the strict rules so it serves as a convenient base for various types of borrowings. As the influx of Anglicisms rises, it influences the overall language situation. Part of the Russian society finds it undesireable and thus advocates the practice called linguistic purism. Purists are trying to stop the process of borrowing, considering the already existing Russian vocabulary sufficient. The situation in Russian society is specific, since the Russian purists are often motivated by many extralinguistic factors, as well.

English Words in Russian Language

The third group of experts considers it is reasonable to change the graphical basis of alphabet to the Arabic one that was specifically modified for Kazakh language by Akhmet Baytursynov. The fourth group of the scientists very few considers necessary to revive classic Turkic written language. In recent times, the dominant part of society thinks that the graphical basis of Kazakh alphabet should be changed into Latin alphabet. For the sake of the future of our children we should make this decision and create it as a condition of entry for our wider global integration.

This will enable our children to have a better understanding of the English language, the internet and reinforce our desire to modernize the Kazakh language. We should conduct modernization of Kazakh language. It is necessary to make the language modern, to look for consensus in terminology issues, forever resolving the issues of translating international and foreign words into Kazakh language.

Anglicisms in Russian Language

These issues should not be resolved by a circle of solitary figures. As we have mentioned above, the phonetics of the Kazakh language has undergone strong changes under the influence of Russian. Works of the Kazakh linguists testify to it, in particular, researches of the prominent expert on phonetics of the Kazakh language, as Alimkhan Zhunisbekov.

He believes that transition of the Kazakh language into Latin graphic will lead to recovery of actually Kazakh phonetics. Since the time Kazakhstan gained its independence, social, political, scientific, technological, spiritual and humanitarian life of the country has undergone tremendous changes.


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Whole classes of new concepts and terms in different areas of life were formed and came into use. Information technology has quickly ushered in daily practice.

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Uncontrollable winds of globalization have roiled the language ocean and unprecedentedly sped up the process of cross-language interchange. All this has naturally led to the enrichment and replenishment of Kazakh language in terms of its vocabulary stock.

The time was ripe for a new explanatory dictionary of modern Kazakh literary language, and the state specifically articulated and put this task as a national requirement before the government and scientists. In , the Ministry of culture, information and public accord in collaboration with the Institute of Linguistics under the National academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan started work on these important projects of. It was successfully completed in and resulted in a volume Dictionary of the Kazakh literary language.

In 15 volumes of the Dictionary of Kazakh literary language there are 92 words and 57 phrases, which together account for more than thousand lexical units. The dictionary explained lexical meanings.

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In fact, this is a concrete contribution of the current generation of Kazakhs to the cause of careful preservation of linguistic heritage of their ancestors and full ordering and scientific classification, subject to a great purpose - to pass this centuries-old baggage to the young Kul-Mukhammed , Since the Independence and up to date, the basic language for borrowing the words in Kazakh is English. English words have been securely adapted in terminology in all spheres of social life of Kazakhstan: from diplomatic relations to everyday oral communication.

Percentage ratio of vernacular and international words in Kazakh has not been studied yet. Firstly, the borrowing is a long process, secondly, the etymological dictionaries are not enough. The scientists still debate the translation of international terms into Kazakh language. It is desirable to fill the terminological lexical gaps with available international words. We have done the content analyses to the materials of Kazakh-language mass media and lexicographical literature which demonstrated that Anglicisms are often used in such spheres as: economics, policy, education, medicine, information technologies, art, sports, show business, mass-media etc.

As we see in the table, considerable part of the Anglicisms in Kazakh is used in nominative function. Semantics peculiar for these words in Russian is transferred into Kazakh languge.

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During penetrating the borrowed word in new linguistic sphere, the aspiration to convey their semantics through explanation is observed as it is incomprehensible for speakers of the borrowing language. Undoubtedly, there were also supporters, and opponents of this idea. For example, one of the supporters of this program, the dean of philological faculty of the Kazakh National University Khanseit Abdezuly estimated this project as one of the main priorities of a state policy Abdezuly It is too early, however, to speak of trilingualism in Kazakhstan.

At present your country has one prevailing language - Russian. Even though according to the Constitution Kazakh is the state language. In my opinion, in contemporary Kazakhstan the Kazakh language must begin to play a greater role, particularly in the cities, as it has always prevailed in the villages.

Russia's attempt to say nyet to foreign words is comical

For example, the. Kazakh language is not often used in the east and the north of the country, unlike the south and the south-east. Summarizing aforesaid theses, it is necessary to note that, borrowing is an inevitable language process. The borrowed words enrich any language and can help to replenish vocabulary with the borrowed words. Any language, including Kazakh and other Turkic languages shall borrow the missing words and certain terms from the other languages. Studying the process of mastering of the Anglicisms in Kazakh language, the following trends can be noted:.

It was found out that the most of the borrowed words in Kazakh language are the international words, i. In spite of the fact that the problem of borrowings always drew attention of linguists to itself, the sociolinguistic nature of Anglicisms, i. Fakultet Odjel za anglistiku. Mjesto Zadar. Datum Godina Stranica