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Table of contents
- Ludwig van Beethoven
- A Symphonic Revolution
- Symphony No. 3 in E-flat Major, “Eroica”
- NPR Choice page
Beethoven translated this aspiring spirit into music. Living in Vienna under the autocratic Hapsburg regime, he acted out his dream of individual liberty in his daily life. His career revolved around two heroic quests: his struggle against encroaching deafness and his creative battle to forge a new musical language within a conservative and often hostile environment. Indeed, the Symphony itself was a heroic act: shocking its first audiences and setting a new symphonic template for future composers to emulate. In a work twice the length of previous symphonies, Beethoven had expanded 18th-century symphonic structures beyond his contemporaries' powers of comprehension.
It did not seek to please and amuse its listeners but to challenge and provoke them. We hear the challenge in the two loud E-flat chords that open the first movement. More than introductory gestures, they are the germinal motive of the symphony. From them Beethoven builds the repeated sforzando chords, with their arresting dislocation of the beat, that we hear a few moments later. Just before the end of the exposition section, he adds teeth-grinding dissonance to this mix, and in the development section, this concoction explodes in a shattering crisis. Sorry, your browser either has JavaScript disabled or does not have any supported player.
You can download the clip or download a player to play the clip in your browser. The second movement is a funeral march in C minor with a trio in C major, and comprises multiple fugatos. Musically, the thematic solemnity of the second movement lends it use as a funeral march proper; the movement is between 14 and 18 minutes long.
Its trio features hunting calls from the three horns; it is between 5 and 6 minutes long. The fourth movement is a set of variations on a theme, which Beethoven had used in earlier compositions; as the finale of the ballet The Creatures of Prometheus , Op. The subtitle Eroica Variations of Opus 35 derives from its thematic overlap with the fourth movement of this symphony. In the symphony proper, the thematic variations are structured like the piano variations of Opus the bass line of the theme first appears and then is subjected to a series of strophic variations that lead to the full appearance of the theme proper.
After a fugal treatment of the main theme the orchestra pauses on the dominant of the home key, and the theme is further developed in a new section marked Poco Andante. The symphony ends with a Presto coda which recalls the opening of the fourth movement and ends in a flurry of sforzandos.
The fourth movement is between 10 and 14 minutes long. Ludwig van Beethoven originally dedicated the third symphony to Napoleon Bonaparte, whom he believed embodied the democratic and anti-monarchical ideals Liberty, Equality, Fraternity of the French Revolution — In writing this symphony, Beethoven had been thinking of Buonaparte, but Buonaparte while he was First Consul. At that time Beethoven had the highest esteem for him, and compared him to the greatest consuls of Ancient Rome. Now, too, he will tread under foot all the rights of Man, indulge only his ambition; now he will think himself superior to all men, become a tyrant!
The page had to be recopied, and it was only now that the symphony received the title Sinfonia eroica. The first public performance was on 7 April , at the Theater an der Wien, Vienna; for which concert the announced theoretical key for the symphony was Dis D-sharp major, 9 sharps.
Ludwig van Beethoven
The first rehearsal of the symphony was terrible, but the hornist did, in fact, come in on cue. It sounds frightfully wrong.
Beethoven did not forgive me for a long time. The work is a milestone work of classical-style composition; it is twice as long as the symphonies of Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — the first movement is almost as long as a typical Classical symphony with repetition of the exposition.
The second movement especially displays a great emotional range, from the misery of the funeral march theme, to the relative solace of happier, major-key episodes. Beethoven: Complete Edition. Brilliant Classics. Beethoven: Die 9 Sinfonien. Crystal Classics. Nikolaus Harnoncourt. Beethoven: The Symphonies and Reflections.
- Explore the Score- Beethoven: Symphony no. 3 in E-flat major, Opus 55, “Sinfonica eroica”.
- Accessibility links.
- Anticipations (Annotated): Of the Reaction of Mechanical and Scientific Progress upon Human life and Thought.
Hermann Abendroth. Stanislaw Skrowaczewski. Oehms Classics. The Symphony Edition. Beethoven for All: Symphonies Nos. Beethoven: 9 Symphonies. Beethoven: Les 9 Symphonies. Rudolf Kempe. EMI Classics. Riccardo Chailly. Beethoven: The Symphonies. Classical Digitally Remastered: Ludwig van Beethoven. Great Classical Symphonies.
Karajan s.
- My Protagonist and Other Short Stories!
- Beethoven, Ludwig van - Symphony No. 3 in E-flat Major, Op. 55 “Eroica”?
- The Four Winds Chapbook #3.
- Chump?
- The Fighting Yank #3.
- Journey from Banna: My Life, Times, and Adventures.
- Hyperion Records.
Herbert von Karajan. Ludwig van Beethoven: Eroica The Nine Symphonies of Beethoven. Roslin Records. Timeless Classical Collection, Vol. Beethoven: 10 Symphonies. Musical Concepts. Emmanuel Krivine. Beethoven: Complete Symphonies Vol. Jan Willem de Vriend. Challenge Classics. Beethoven: Gods, Heroes and Men. Otto Klemperer. Daniel Barenboim. Warner Classics International. Nimbus Alliance.
A Symphonic Revolution
Newton Classics. Evgeny Mravinsky.
Otto Klemperer Conducts Beethoven, Vol. Otto Klemperer: Beethoven, Brahms, Bruckner. Denon Records. Beethoven: Eroica. Beethoven: Eroica, Nr.
Symphony No. 3 in E-flat Major, “Eroica”
Matthias Georg Kendlinger. Beethoven: Eroica; Symphony No. San Francisco Symphony. Dimitri Mitropoulos. Bernard Haitink. Archiv Produktion. Bernstein Symphony Edition.
NPR Choice page
Best of Beethoven. Josef Krips. Sonoma Entertainment. Staatskapelle Berlin. Giulini in America: Los Angeles Philharmonic. Music for the Millions, Vol. Beethoven: Symphonie Nr. Beethoven: Symphonies No. Vladimir Fedoseyev. Beethoven: The Nine Symphonies. South German Philharmonic.