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Greer considered this group one of the finest bands he has ever played with a nd he considered his experience one of t he most thrillingand in structive experience s. I did a lot of arranging got paid good money, but I still wanted to go back to school Watkins, , p. While Frank T. Through his hard work at Martin and in the classroom, Greer was promoted severa l times and became leader of the crew that built the B 26 Bomber. Hoping to continue his musical training, he applied for admission to the Army School of Music, but was denied because "the quota for Black directo rs had been filled" Watkins, , p.

Keeping his pursuits alive, Greer took some of his arrangements to Lieutenant Bobby Byrne. Byrne liked Greer's arrangements so much that Byrne sent a request to Post Commander, Colonel Bundy, to have Greer unofficially transferred to the Post Band's arranger. Greer was able to transcribe and arrange the music of the great African American musi cians such as Fats Waller's "Honeysuckle Rose", wh ich was featured in one of The Skyliners concerts.

Greer was given a chance to be the only Black instrumentalist in the group when he rep laced one of the trumpet players who became ill before a performance. H is performance skills were so outstanding that Lt. This unit was in a state of limbo as it peaked at men and was going to be upg raded, integrated with the 82 nd Division, or deactivated.

During this time, Greer met one of his friends from Nashville, Fisk University alum nus and Post Band Director, Warrant Officer Rutherford Strider Strider allowed Greer to sit in on the trumpet section during rehearsals as well as allowed his ensemble to play some of Greer's arrangements.

This was Greer's last assignment in the Army before he was discharged. After his discharge, he began classes at West Virginia where he befriended his teacher and mentor, Dr. Edward C. In t he three years between , Greer developed the Douglass High School band into an exceptional band pro gram while attending Marshall University to work on his Master of Arts degree. Revelli directed University of Michigan band and Massil l on High School to gain more insight in to his craft.

Watkins found in a letter Greer wrote to Lamar K. GREER 22 on e of the best in the nation. I was near enough to Ohio State University to attend footbal l games there regularly and be cam e oriented toward that style of organization The [U niversity of] Michigan Band also served as a model p.

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Greer learned how to diagram or chart drills for the marching routines and the language used to teac h the band. With the knowledge gained from Greer's observations, the Douglass marching band began to win several honors within the all Black West Virginia Band Association and even participated in the "previously all White West Virginia Band Festival" Watkins, , p.

Greer and the Douglass band gained so much publicity that they caught the eye of Dr. Walter S.


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Davis, President of Tennessee State University during that time, happened to read an artic le in Color magazine which discussed Douglass High School, its outstanding band program, and the director, Frank T. Davis requested that Dr. Mells, Head of the Department of Music, locate Greer, and explore with him the possibility of employme nt as Band Director at the University Watkins, , p. Davis was an Agriculture teacher 1 didn't really know him but he rem embered me from the days when I played with the N. GREER 23 Greer being surprised with the opportunity to teach at the school in which he attended for a few years, asked Dr.

Lewis at West Virginia State College for advice. Lewis advice was simple, as he reminded Greer of his experiences he gained through jazz performances, the military, and teaching high school. Many of the students kept the music alive on the TSU campus, but the core foundation of the marching band and some considered the band program, was established under J. During his five year tenure, Professor Chavis established a piece Marching Band, a nationally acclaimed Jazz Ensemble, and an annually performing 60 piece concert Band.

The credit later given to Professor Chavis as the first architect of the TSU Band program, while not supported by the evidence discussed in earlie r chapters, serves as an indication of the well deserved high level of regard granted him by his many colleagues, students, and admirers McDonald, ,p. Marching The Marching is a "name often given to early African American bands because of their desire to field a piece marching band" McDonald, , p.

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Greer developed the b and and the music program into a nationally known program Greer's first year at TSU was very tough as he was trying to build a comprehensive music program that would be more advanced, especially for the students of the likes of the Douglass High School band he developed. Greer expressed his disap pointment in the status of the band program in which he was a former member of the "Tennessee State Collegians" to Watkins in an interview: You have to realize what a disappointing thing it, was I ha d left a high school that had a pretty good reputa tion, to come here and find that all they had was one old, rusted, greasy bass horn in the middle of the floor no music, no li brary; no uniforms, no nothing the only attractive thing was the salary as cited in Smith, , p.

Kean, halftime entertainment was needed ; therefore, Dr. Davis chose Chavis to start a marching band program. Greer thought that Chavis did a great job with the Collegians, which included a performance at Carnegie Hall, but Greer could tell that the Chavis did not concentrate his energy with the marching band Watkins, , p. Greer's first task was to increase the recruitment of the band.

He searched every admission applica tion for students that previously had instrumental music experience communicated with them by advertising the new band, and inviting those students to audition. The Dean of Instruction and the department head, Dr.

Mells, aided the recruitment efforts of Greer by creating a policy that all wind instrument majors in the Department of Music were to enroll in the band for academic credit as a part of their degree requirements Watkins, , p. GREER 25 The band room was limited and uncomfortable as it was loca ted in the basement under the cafeteria this building is currently known as Elliot Hall or the "Women's Building" and the basement currently houses the band's instrument shop. Director of Bands, emeritus, Edward L.

Graves told our band stories of the co nditions in the basement when we rehearsed in the Women's Building my first two years of marching with band in and It was ironic that my interview with Graves was in the Women's Building and he mentioned the wet floor and rats running amuck dur ing rehearsals.

Even with the lack of a decent rehearsal hall, inferior musical equipment, and no uniforms, Greer, Dr. Davis, and Coach Kean planned to have the band perform in the home stands for the Morris Brown College football game in Greer told Watkins , The enthusiasm shown by the musicians, the student body, the faculty, and the public, made us all realize the value of the band to a successful athletic program and as a recruiting agent for the Music Department p.

The band contin ued to play at other home football games and local performances; unfortunately, the band was unable to travel to off campus performances due to a lack of equipment necessary for travel. Greer's first year ended with the admiration from his supervisors of t he work he had complete d. Mells wrote a letter to Greer: We wish to congratulate you for the progress the university band is making and naturally, we will continue to give you the utmost cooperation in the development of our musical organization Smit h, , p.

"Fats" Waller

Greer's second year with the band started with a stronger recruitment campaign that began in January Any student desiring to study any band instrument may do so whether he has [owns] an instrument or not. The concert band is now planning its spring tour p. Changes to the marching b and. One of Frank Greer's biggest changes to the band in his second year was changing the band's sound. As Greer was already a polished arranger, he began to cultivate a unique sound quality that would later become the trademark of the TSU band.

Greer believed that the only way to gain distinction fro m other bands is to create a unique style and quality of sound. He also wanted the big symphonic sound Greer achieved this sound by arranging single parts for members of the band, arranging brass parts in the upper tessitura, and frequently utilizing Sco tch bass and tenor drums to enhance musical textures. These same performance concepts are still found in many contemporary Historically Black College and University band programs throughout the country Rowley, p.


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GREER 27 , p. This "new sound" was also known as the "big sound" in many of the articles found in the TSU Special Collections. Originally, Frank Greer wanted an all male band, as he was familiar with all male troupes with his stint in the Army.

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However, Presi dent Dr. Davis "convinced" Greer to use female s in the band Greer selected the prettiest girls on campus because once the music started all of the eyes of the audience would be on the majorettes. The Big Ten 's i nfluence on the Aristocrats. Greer's respect for Revelli and the Michigan Marching Band was so strong, that Greer suggested some of his students attend the Big Ten schools like the University of Michigan and the University of Illinois for graduate school Graves interview. He hired four Michigan graduates as Assistant Directors. Greer's influences from the Michigan Marching Band can still be seen today McDonald read in a newspa per article by E.

Clanton: Greer incorporated a marching and drill style that featured quick steps, high leg lifts, bent knees, and toes pointed down toward the ground. Second, Greer 's sound was a result of his belief that a big symphonic sound should be present on the field regardless of the ensemble's movements p.

GREER 28 With the guidance of as sistant director, jazz musician and arranger, Anceo Fransico enhanced the big symphonic sound Greer sought after in the early days of the band. A big stage for the big sound. With the new "big sound" and uniforms similar to the uniforms of The Ohio State University's marching band, the Marching was given the opportunity of a lifetime: performing a halftime show for a televised National Football League NFL game. It is said to be the first nationally televised collegiate marching band halftime perfor mance for an NFL game, but it was certainly the first time an all Black marching band was televised.

In an interview, Edward Graves mentioned watching this game with his father, and as a 10 th grader he knew he wanted to go with to TSU and play in t he band because the band looked so polished and professional. Not only did TSU have the first televised halftime performance for a NFL game, but they were also the first band to repeat that feat.