The Beginnings of the Indonesian-Dutch Negotiations and the Hoge Veluwe Talks

The Beginnings of the Indonesian-Dutch Negotiations and the Hoge Veluwe Talks - Kindle edition by Idrus Nasir Djajadiningrat. Download it once and read it on.
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Details Collect From q Order a copy Copyright or permission restrictions may apply. We will contact you if necessary. To learn more about Copies Direct watch this short online video. This did not mean that the ethnic factor was totally absent. Indeed, there is evidence to show that Van Mook was not totally oblivious of the need to prevent Javanese domination. On 25 November, he had noted that a federal state in Indonesia would prevent the domination of one part over another. He also stated that the unity of Java and the Outer Islands was very fragile and that a Republican Government would not be able to guarantee the rights of the religious and racial minorities.

Such proposals if accepted would have made necessary the establishment of a federal state with Republican controlled and Dutch controlled areas united in a single entity. The federal state rationalised Van Mook's proposal to recognise the Republic and concentration on those areas reinforced the need for a federal state. Therefore when the federal state proposal was first made on 25 November, it was recommended because the Dutch were powerless and not because it was a panacea for the ethnic diversity of Indonesia.

It should also be noted that in Van Mook's proposals to the cabinet on 21 December, there was no mention of the internal political structure. This was in contrast to the earlier proposals of 6 November. He later explained in January that technical details and clauses would not give the impression of its being a wide-ranging piece of political document …. Some of the proposals met with stiff opposition from some members of the cabinet.

There were two main areas of criticism. Lieftinck Minister of Finance and J. But this was not reflected in the proposals. Instead, Van Mook advocated that the Indonesians should have their own army and should be represented in the United Nations. His reply to this charge was that the existence of the empire was self-evident. Moreover, the Indonesians were expecting concrete proposals from the Dutch: The other area of opposition lay in the delineation of the time period. Both Logemann and J. The two ministers felt that more important were the conditions which must be fulfilled before that stage was reached.


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Van Mook however was insistent that a time period should be set down. This would remove the suspicions of Indonesians that the Dutch were trying to extend their influence over Indonesia for as long as possible by attaching further conditions and guarantees. The Netherlands for the moment would still he responsible for "good government" in Indonesia. Indonesia would he organised as a federal Commonwealth in which there would still be a Dutch Governor- General. The latter could appoint and dismiss ministers of the Commonwealth in accordance with the "political realities" found in Indonesia.

The ministers were bound to implement policies determined by the Volkraad. This Indonesian Commonwealth would he a partner with the Netherlands in the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

the beginnings of the indonesian dutch negotiations and the hoge veluwe talks Manual

The Kingdom would have a cabinet made up of eight Dutch and five Commonwealth ministers. Foreign affairs would be administered by the entire Kingdom. The Kingdom would support Indonesia's admission as a member of the United Nations. Toward that end, the Dutch delegation to the United Nations would consist of Netherlands and Indonesian sections.

After 25 years, the structure of the Kingdom would be reviewed on the basis of a complete and voluntary partnership. This … formula met the demands … that the unity of the Kingdom be preserved. The continued role of the Governor-General … was ensured. However, the year period was too long. As Van Monk pointed out later, even the relatively conservative individuals who valued the continuation of the relationship within the Kingdom spoke in terms only of a 5-year transition period, and this period was not conceived of as a span of time necessary for Indonesia to grow into an independent state but only as a period needed for the restoration of order in the country and to consult with the Netherlands on the..

At Batavia, Van Monk consulted his advisers on the proposals …. To a man, all agreed that they were unsatisfactory. In their view, there was no clear-cut recognition of the right of self-determination after a definite period of time. The detailed description of the political structure during the period of transition gave the impression that there was nothing new but the renewal of a one-sided system of guardianship. Indonesians would only be prepared to negotiate on the basis of equality and on the principles enunciated in the Atlantic and United Nations Charters.

They were as follows: For the Commonwealth as a whole, a representative body with a substantial Indonesian majority would be formed. There would be a cabinet acting in harmony with the representative body. The head of the government would be the representative of the Crown.


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These general points would be preceded by an introduction which stated that the structure described in the seven points would only last for a certain period of time after which the Indonesians would be free to decide on their future relations with the Netherlands. Logemann accepted Van Mook's counter-proposals with the explicit condition that the details tabled at Chequers would nevertheless remain the limit to which Van Mook could accede to Indonesian demands in any negotiations with the Republic.

This position represented a victory for Van Monk for the counter-proposals certainly moderated the rather stringent conditions insisted by the Dutch ministers earlier …. On 10 February , Van Mook's counter-proposals were made public ….

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The first meeting that Van Mook had with Sjahrir … [was on] 12 February …. There were no negotiations but merely explanations of the meaning of the proposals. This lack of progress is only partially explained by the ungenerous nature of the proposals. There were also indications of a hardening of Van Mook's attitude with respect to the issue of the recognition of the Republic. In November , he had recommended recognition but on 13 February , he wrote that Sjahrir was still living in the "dream world of independence". A fortnight later he wrote to Logemann that. This change in his stand was probably due to his success in persuading the British to allow the Dutch to land troops in Java.

The British and other great powers would not allow it. Given this support from the British, the most positive in many months, Van Mook's attitude towards recognition of the Republic changed.

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Yet Sjahrir had to be provided with arguments to persuade the Republic to accept the Dutch proposals …. On 26 February, Van Mook decided to issue an elucidation of the 10 February proposals to clarify doubts and to strengthen Sjahrir's hand. There is no indication that Van Mook substantially discussed this elucidation with Logemann beforehand. It certainly was more generous than the proposals tabled at Chequers which, as already mentioned, constituted the limit of concessions that Van Mook was allowed to make in negotiations with the Republic.

The elucidation stopped short at recognition of the Republic but it promised that the period of transition would end "within the lifetime of the present generation". While the proposals made at Chequers named a Governor-General to be appointed by the Crown with the power of appointing and dismissing ministers in his cabinet, the elucidation made mention only of a representative of the Crown without any reference to his power over the ministers.

At Chequers, the Governor-General was named as a member of the government in Indonesia but in the elucidation, Van Mook conceived of the representative of the Crown as responsible to a Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands comprising the Netherlands, Indonesia, Surinam and Curacao in which Indonesian cabinet ministers would have seats. While the proposals made at Chequers merely promised that ministers in Indonesia would be accountable for their policy to a representative body, the elucidation of Van Mook added that as many as possible of the ministers would be Indonesian citizens and so would the composition of the representative body.

The beginnings of the Indonesian-Dutch negotiations and the Hoge Veluwe talks.

Both sets of proposals reiterated the need for a Commonwealth state in Indonesia. The reactions of both the Hague and the Republic were unclear, but they were n ot important, for the elucidation never constituted a matter of discussion …. Nevertheless, when Sjahrir returned to Batavia to resume negotiations, the issue of recognition of the Republic exercising authority over the former Netherlands East Indies was the primary demand in the meetings of 13, 16 and 17 March ….

The impasse over the recognition issue was never resolved. When the issue was referred to discussions at sub-committee level, the Dutch representatives used very legal arguments against the recognition of the Republic: Far Eastern Survey , Vol. The third and fourth of the itemized proposals are very important, as they outline the Dutch plan for the government of Indonesia itself.