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- L'acné Juvénile 5eme
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- Roberto Coval
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The article analyses the most significant steps taken by Duterte in his presiden-tial career in order to predict further development of his international and domestic policies alongside with the possible changes in the political layout in the Philippines. Using mostly theoretical methods of analyses and induction the author makes a number of conclusions stating that despite the image of a straight-forwarded brute, Rodrigo Duterte is a much more complex politi-cian, who uses such an image for his own purposes.
Being a cunning and wise leader, he knows the bounda-ries that are not to be crossed - this way even his unprecedented behaviour does not undermine his at-tempts to maintain balance among the most influential nations in the world. Massive critique from the outside world does not seem to matter to Duterte since in his politics he firstly relies on the support of his own people, who despite his unconventional methods see him not as a dictator, but as a rather unusual reformist ready to introduce in the Philippines some changes instead of maintaining status-quo.
ESI data characterize estuarine environments and wildlife by their The lost castle of Count Rodrigo Gonzalez. Full Text Available This article suggests that a castle called Toron built in by Count Rodrigo of Lara, and granted to the Templar Order was in Summil, where remains of a Crusader castles are still visible ca. This opinion opposes a consensual view that the castle built by Count Rodrigo was in Latrun, midway between Tel-Aviv and Jerusalem. The article also suggest that there was a village near the castle, called Casale Sancti Salvatoris, and also discusses Frankish fortifi cation and settlement policy during the twelfth century.
Eleonora de Fonseca Pimentel: At fall of Republic, she showed herself fearless in meeting the death on the scaffold. Intellectual virtues do not seem to be sexed any longer: Weaving Webs of Intrigue: This study focuses on some of the classical features of Rubem Fonseca 's "A grande arte" in order to emphasize the puzzle-solving tradition of the detective novel that is embedded within Fonseca 's crime thriller, producing a work that does not entirely fit into traditional divisions of detective, hardboiled, or crime….
The uranium ore deposits in Ciudad Rodrigo Phyllites. The main features of the genesis of uranium deposits of the Fe mine type, are discussed in this paper. Pitchblende ore is related with phyllites bearing organic material and with geomorphological level, fossilized by eocene sediments. As a result, new uranium ore deposits are possible under Ciudad Rodrigo tertiary basin, tertiary cover depth being little more than three hundred feet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kebijakan politik luar negeri Filipi The article looks for to demonstrate as Literature can be used as historical document, disclosing some aspects of the society of a time, as author thinks this society of which he writes, as its positioning was affected by it and front to the problems for it faced.
About of the celebrated architect madilenian belonging to the second half of the 17th century Rodrigo Carrasco Gallego f, is possible amplify his biography, documentting the period of his career than colud cali toledan, between and approximatiy. The characters of the novels and the actions that are presented somehow reproduce some of the individual attributes and events experienced by the writer.
The hypothesis of an autoficcional project seems valid to us, justifying therefore different degrees of relationship between the literary work and its creator. Factor and Rasch analysis of the Fonseca anamnestic index for the diagnosis of myogenous temporomandibular disorder. Rasch analysis has been used in recent studies to test the psychometric properties of a questionnaire.
The conditions for use of the Rasch model are one-dimensionality assessed via prior factor analysis and local independence the probability of getting a particular item right or wrong should not be conditioned upon success or failure in another. To evaluate the dimensionality and the psychometric properties of the Fonseca anamnestic index FAI , such as the fit of the data to the model, the degree of difficulty of the items, and the ability to respond in patients with myogenous temporomandibular disorder TMD. For the factor analysis, we applied the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test, Bartlett's sphericity, Spearman's correlation, and the determinant of the correlation matrix.
The Rasch analysis was conducted on the dimension that showed the highest proportion of variance explained. Adequate sample "n" and FAI multidimensionality were observed. Dimension 1 primary consisted of items 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7. All items of dimension 1 showed adequate fit to the model, being observed according to the degree of difficulty from most difficult to easiest , respectively, items 2, 1, 3, 6, and 7. The FAI presented multidimensionality with its main dimension consisting of five reliable items with adequate fit to the composition of its structure.
Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. Professor Rafael Molla Rodrigo is considered by some the author who contributed with his scientific work and solid technique to consolidate Urology as a speciality in Valencia. Such importance is also perceived in a national level, as demonstrated by the fact that he belonged to the first board of the Spanish Association of Urology and contributed to its foundation in the two-year period , from his position of head of the department of Surgical Therapy and Operations at the Central University. Genitourinary tuberculosis is one of the most outstanding chapters of his extensive works.
We reviewed all his works, selecting all original articles about genitourinary tuberculosis. Throughout his work he analyzes features of relevance about this disease, such as diagnosis, about which he emphasizes the clinical and bacteriological difficulties, and treatment, which was only feasible by precocious nephrectomy.
He dedicates a great part of his work to the study of this pathology and defends a precocious diagnosis in order to perform the only treatment that had demonstrated efficacy. He also exposes the symptoms and variety of clinical presentations, as well as diagnosis through separate kidney catheterization with the aim to determine unilateral involvement. Fonseca reported severe deforestation on the banks of the river Paraguay and advocated for protectionist measures from the state government. He set out a vision for Mato Grosso's development that involved better use of the state's natural resources, raw materials exports, and regional industrialization support.
The methodology created an interface between environmental history and history of the sciences. The pitchblende of Fe mine Ciudad Rodrigo , Salamanca as natural analogue of spent fuel behaviour matrix I project ; La pechblenda de la mina Fe Ciudad Rodrigo , Salamanca , como analogo natural del comportamiento del combustible gastado Proyecto Matrix I. Uranium ore deposits have been extensively studied as natural analogues to the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste. These investigations constitute an essential element of both national and international research programmes applied to the assessment of geological repositories in crystalline, clayey and even in schistose rocks.
However, the similarities with some of the repository features and the analogies with the processes involved in the degradation of the ore deposits made advisable its study as natural analogue. The most important features are. The pitchblende of Fe mine Ciudad Rodrigo , Salamanca as natural analogue of spent fuel behaviour matrix I project. Perez del Villar, L. The downscaling methodology is adjusted after looking for good predictor fields for this area where the geostrophic approximation fails and the real wind fields are the most applicable. The method's performance for daily precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature is analysed and revealed suitable results for all variables.
For instance, the method is able to simulate the characteristic cycle of the wet season for this area, which includes a mid-summer drought between two peaks. Future projections show a gradual temperature increase throughout the twenty-first century and a change in the features of the wet season the first peak and mid-summer rainfall being reduced relative to the second peak, earlier onset of the wet season and a broader second peak.
Ensaio sobre arte e testemunho: Full Text Available Six blooms of Heterosigma akashiwo Raphidophyceae were observed from March through March in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, a semi-confined eutrophic system located in Rio de Janeiro state, southeast Brazil. Vegetative cells of H. The salinity of subsurface water and the channel depth showed significant negative correlations with H.
No fish mortality was associated with the H. In the late 15th century and the early 16th century, the rivalry among the main noble families in Ciudad Rodrigo also included the clergy.
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Conflicts often resulted in assaults and encastillamientos, i. Civil and military powers in town were at stake, as well as life annuities in some monasteries. There was also conflict over the jurisdiction of the church and the possession of endowments. Between anthropology and medicine: During this period, he brought together scientists, developed and directed several works on physical anthropology and the 'anthropological types', focusing on developing methods and patterns of racial classification, i.
Magmas with slab fluid and decompression melting signatures coexisting in the Gulf of Fonseca: Isla El Tigre volcano is located in the Gulf of Fonseca Honduras along the Central America volcanic front, where a significant change in the strike of the volcanic chain is observed. On the basis of petrographic and geochemical features, two groups of rocks have been distinguished.
Lavas from the main volcanic edifice are highly porphyritic and hy-qz normative, and have lower MgO contents 5 wt. This suggests that mantle-derived magmas were not produced by the same process throughout the activity of the volcano. The coexistence of these two different mantle melting generation processes is likely related to the complex geodynamic setting of the Gulf of Fonseca , where the volcanic front changes direction by ca.
Alfredo Bonifaz Fonseca - Full Text Available Resumo: Spoligotypes foram identificados como shared types ST recorrendo a uma base de dados internacional. Rev Port Pneumol ; XI 6: The present population study, from to , has been based on the use of Spoligotyping in the genotyping of isolates of. Rodrigo de Ceballos's Magnificat cycle on the eight tones: A description and comparison with similar cycles by Cristobal de Morales and Francisco Guerrero. Until recently the music of Rodrigo de Ceballos ca.
Research by the musicologist Robert Snow proved this assumption wrong and placed the composer among important figures of Spanish music during the sixteenth century. Should theatre come about through the meeting of printed matter on paper and of a place in which to execute it, then death — offering neither the ability to say nor to do — can only ever appear foreign to it.
Deprived of words and of images, and shrouded in both dissolution and silence, this death is seconded only by nothingness — the nothingness itself according no representation. It was found that the iguanas captured in Mamatoco presented a relative bigger protein percentage, calcium, iron and potassium; those captured in Bonda, bigger quantity of humidity, ashy and sodium; those captured in Minca, bigger content of fat, chloride and calories; while those of contained bigger Fonseca of magnesium, manganese, sulphates and carbohydrates.
What transforms the Green Iguana into a source of nutritious economic whenever it is used in rationally. Green iguana; food habits; reptiles; proximate analysis; meat. Ixodidae , an endemic tick species of Brazil. Larvae, nymphs and females of I. Only female ticks were obtained from engorged nymphs. Unfed immature and female adult specimens were measured and the descriptions were based on optical and scanning electron microscopy, as were drawings of some features of the larva.
Both immature stages present the very long palpi and basis capituli, and the female has large, contiguous porose areas. However, the basis capituli is triangular, with a slight central elevation in the larva and nymph, whereas in the female this area is depressed. In addition, the relationship between I. Se analizan 59 juegos desde una perspectiva etnomotriz, tomando tres objetos de estudio: It guides for the storage of reagents and elimination of waste of the laboratories of the headquarters Rodrigo Facio of the Costa Rica University.
The Project guides for the storage of chemical reagents and elimination of waste of the laboratories of the campus Rodrigo Facio of the Costa Rica University, the objective to settle down in written form a method of storage of chemical reagents, as well as the basic elements for the establishment of a system of handling of chemical residuals for the laboratories of the campus.
The storage of reagents in a laboratory requires that the probability of an accident is minimized and it should include the following elements: The elimination of residuals of chemical reagents requires a series of stages to carry out of this operation in sure form for people, the property and the environment. In the first place it is required of an outline of the whole process of elimination of the waste, later on a system of classification of the produced residuals should be included that it contemplates the final method of elimination of the residual.
Other elements that should take into account are: In this work intends the System of Classification of Substances of the United Nations as classification method, segregation, and storage of the reagents of the laboratories of the campus [es. Georg Ots kuuel plaadil. Eesti Rahvusmeeskoor kandis Anabaena sphaerica; Aphanothece clathata;Chroococcus membraninus; C. Full Text Available Since the end of the sixteenth century the Hanseatic city of Hamburg received a group of impostant Portuguese physicians that became members of its Iberian Jewish community.
This article examines the intellectual contribution and the political implications of two of them, Rodrigo de Castro , who authored an important book on gynaecology, and Manuel Bocarro Rosales ca. Full Text Available The purpose of the present work is to discuss the council aristocracy mechanisms' used to viabilize the consolidation of a certain socio-politic environment during the 13th century. On the basis of the so-called foros extensos from Castelo Rodrigo —understood, theirselves, as an understanding proposal, as well as a form of interference with the mentioned environment— and paying particular attention to the identity construction, both inclusive and exclusive, we try to decodify the socio-politic language of the foros.
Entre antropologia e medicina: Abstract Burnout Syndrome in housewives can affect the health and quality of life of this population; this can generate diseases and family dysfunction. This article presents the results of an investigation whose aim was to identify and describe the presence of the Burnout Syndrome in housewives.
Also was established the relationship between the socio-cultural level, marital status and age with the appearance of the Burnout in housewives who sit in the neighborhood Rodrigo de Bastidas in the city of Santa Marta. This study developed, from the application to housewives who were selected randomly, of Burnout questionnaire for housewives and one tab socio-demographic and the results were.
A mineralogical analysis is made to ascertain the effects of acid bleaching on normalized conditions. Uranium is mainly found under uranotile, pitchblende and autunite form with an average assay of 0. The loss of uranium in tailings under current conditions of attach, mainly is due to pitchblende resistance, being practically no leachable, and to uranium absorption by hydrated iron oxides and colloidal ores.
This last problem will be discussed in a next paper. For this reason it is fundamental to go in contact with the reality through the ways of expression of the own protagonists that come out of different social urban extracts. La ciudad de los conquistadores. Por eso, volver a estudiarlo no deja de tener dificultades. Full Text Available ln this article the Colombian peace process is analyzed in light of the influence exerted by diverse international factors.
The author takes into account the postures adopted by the United States, Europe and neighboring countries, while elaborating a series of foreign policy directives designed to create a more positive insertion of Colombia into the international context. Subsequently, possible future scenarios for the peace process are proposed, based upon other regional experiences. Comunicacion Intercultural] Rodrigo , Miquel. Deprived of words and of images, and shrouded in both dissolution and silence, this death.
Strategy in Latin American Revolutionary Politics. Booth, The End and the Beginning, p. Latin American Diplomatic History: Antonio Maria Baggio ed. Con el libro Alhambras. Full Text Available Con el libro Alhambras. Investigation of manganese homeostasis in dogs with anaemia and Investigation of manganese homeostasis in dogs with anaemia and chronic enteropathy. Relation to field-theoretical model by Fonseca and Shanley. Three-body propagator with exchange effects.
The effects of water potential on some microbial populations and The science of violence prevention. Twenty years after Rodrigo Guerrero-Velasco treated violence like a disease, using epidemiology to find the causes, his approach to violence prevention has been taken up across the Americas. He talks to Alyssa Greenhouse. Rubackite kontserdist Valga muusikakoolis. Kommenteerib Andorra koondise peatreener David Rodrigo. Nutritional composition of bioproducts generated from semi-solid A Data Base of Battles and Engagements. Wars from through Wars of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries.
Wellington could field fewer than 50, men. Massena overcame the twin fortresses of Ciudad Rodrigo and Almeida on the The Nursing Leadership Institute program evaluation: A theory-driven program evaluation was conducted for a nursing leadership program, as a collaborative project between university faculty, the nurses' union, the provincial Ministry of Health, and its chief nursing officers. A collaborative logic model process was used to engage stakeholders, and mixed methods approaches were used to answer evaluation questions. Despite demonstrated, successful outcomes, the leadership program was not supported with continued funding.
This paper examines what happened during the evaluation process: What factors failed to sustain this program? Fruit production and quality of guava 'Paluma' as a function of humic Fruit production and quality of guava 'Paluma' as a function of humic substances and soil mulching. Consequently, much of tropical biodiversity is unlikely to survive without Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorties. Can Bt maize change the spatial distribution of predator Cycloneda Mossack Fonseca kept its clients largely on the right side of the law.
This article for The Atlantic draws on my wealth management research to explain why most of what is revealed in the Panama Papers leak will not result in criminal prosecution for anyone This was a descriptive cross-sectional comparative study. The sample consisted of two groups, each group composed of 15 children between 7 and 9 years old belonging to public….
Taming a Tiger in the City: We evaluated 2 strategies to manage Aedes albopictus: Full Text Available La arquitectura de la vivienda rural en Colombia, volumen La arquitectura de la vivienda rural en Colombia, volumen Translations on Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs No. African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 15, No 12 Nutritional composition of bioproducts generated from semi-solid fermentation of pineapple peel by edible mushrooms. Features of the extended-release metformin. Expediente - 2. Gabriel Gerber Hornink, Depto. Neural Computation, 12 5: Generalized polynomial approximation in Markovian.
The first observation is reported of an enkaryote micro-organism chlamydomona , collected in samples from the Rodrigo de Freitas lagune in Rio de Janeiro, which responds to the magnetic field in a similar way as the magnetotactic bacterias. Chemical and antimicrobial analysis of husk fiber aqueous extract Chemical and antimicrobial analysis of husk fiber aqueous extract from Cocos nucifera L. The Ground We Tread. A plea to resist the reduction of humanity to reifications, Flusser's melancholic morality rings out.
Two amides from Piper tuberculatum fruits. Some benzophenanthridine alkaloids from. Sanz Rodrigo , C. This Special Volume is divided into two parts: Non-places and separated worlds. Correlation between headache and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The aim of this paper is the reading of O Caso Morel, by Rubem Fonseca ,focusing on the character-writter and fictional creation. Isopoda, Cymothoidae a buccal cavity parasite of the marine fish, Oligoplites saurus, is described on the basis of eight male specimens and one female. In the new species, the anterior margin of the cephalon is doubled ventrally over the bases of the antennae.
In this respect, it resembles C. It differs from that species, however, in Collapsing Insurgent Organizations through Leadership Decapitation: Venezuela, Panama, Costa Rica, and Cuba began to openly support the insurgency, while the United States slowly removed its support from the Somoza. Full Text Available Las disquinesias biliares, criterio clinico moderno. Por Alvaro Reyes Fonseca. The aim of this study was to correlate headache with Fonseca 's TMD clinical index.
A total of university students aged 18 to 36 years old were selected, half women, half men. Two questionnaires were applied to them: SnO2 nanostructured composite for cathode oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells Adriano Sacco, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Italy 2.
Hilld,e, Paul Neesona,b, David S. In line with this, the rapid response. The purpose of this article is to explore Informed consent and ethical issues in military medical research. Academy of Emergency Medicine, 11, Full Text Available This article analyzes the importance of land as part of the booty obtained by the Campeador during his campaigns in Moorish territories. Risonilce Fernandes de Sousa.
Haptic sense and the politicization of contemporary image. At the end, it is mentioned the work of Brazilian artist Rodrigo Braga to exemplify the contemporary political use of haptic sense. Volume 7, Issue 8, August Antares music event known as a Baile Funk party hosted by the Red Command on a Friday night, the gangsters even danced holding their r i f les Treatment of dengue fever. The endemic area for dengue fever extends over 60 countries, and approximately 2. The incidence of dengue has multiplied many times over the last five decad Redundancy and blocking in the spatial domain: Large-Scale Aerosol Modeling and Analysis.
NAAPS simulations were used to investigate the origin and De Frutos, Strongest desert dust intrusion mixed with smoke over the Iberian Peninsula registered with With increasing dust storms due to climate change and land use changes in desert regions, the impact of the. Divided politics and economic growth in the Philippines. As the elections drew near and the prospects of a Rodrigo Duterte presidency became stronger, there were concerns that the economy might be adversely affected by the expected political volatility under the new regime.
Since the start of the campaign season, Duterte had been rocking the establishment through controversial pronouncements and outbursts, attracting the enmity of leaders of the Catholic Church, the United States, and the United Nations. Based on a review of recent political a Duterte and the Death of Liberal Reformism in the Philippines. Since assuming the presidency, Rodrigo R. Duterte has "stuck to his guns" in carrying out his campaign pledge to launch a violent anti-drug campaign. Duterte's presidency was preceded by six years of political stability and high growth under the relatively liberal and supposedly reformist administration of President Benigno "Noynoy" S.
What did voters find so appealing about Duterte given that drugs and criminality were not a major national concern until he launched his candidacy Politics of Anxiety, Politics of Hope: Citizens who support populist leaders are often portrayed in negative terms. In the Philippine presidential race, they were pejoratively labelled Dutertards, which pathologised their fervent and unrelenting support for the controversial candidate.
This article interrogates such depictions by exam A Discursive Institutionalist Analysis. Early in his administration, Rodrigo Duterte, the controversial sixteenth president of the Philippines, did what no other Filipino president has done before - announce a separation from the geopolitical interests of its former colonial master, the United States of America. Beyond the personal slights caused by the US criticism of his anti-drug campaign lies a deeper sense of historical grievance that has been ingrained in Duterte's generation and his identity as a Mindanaoan.
Not only does he Thailand signed the Statute in , but not yet proceeded to ratification. An explanation of this Southe Complexities of Constitutional Change in the Philippines. The future of constitutional change under Duterte in any event is uncertain for a series of constitutional and political reasons. Critically, some of the most pressing of This monograph will focus on the social turmoil that began about halfway through the 20th Desarrollo Y Sociedad 52 September, A New School for Brats: Hack Education , April 25, How Technology Can Transform Stimis September Thesis Advisor: Beneath the surface of the heritage enterprise.
Governmentality and cultural representation of rural architecture in Portugal. This article focuses on the construction of heritage in rural Portugal. Drawing on anthropological fieldwork in the village of Castelo Rodrigo , it analyses the extensive protection and exhibition of domestic architecture in the framework of a State-led local development programme. He is also president of the Clas- light of our projected consumption rate in the future.
I have just been handed a telegram major musical TV program in Canada and the winner of saying. Inter-American Development Bank, By focusing on the theoretical concept of white Swedish masculin- ity, it aims to deepen the understanding of how such identities are created within and against the background of specific historical contexts and locations.
The Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte has gained quite a reputation in both national and international sphere due to his controversial war against drugs. Accordingly, this article aims to determine the media frames used in reporting the issue. By employing mainly content analysis, three Philippine national newspapers namely, Manila Bulletin, Philippine Daily Inquirer, and The Philippine Star are analyzed to observe the repeating media frames and the depictions of actors involved in the d Eventually, Escobar was exposed as a tracker through the efforts of Justice Minister Lam Bonflla and he resigned.
Shock policies in the agony of the Peronist state: Within the economic policies implemented by the six Economy Ministers of the Peronist government of there exist two cases in which shock policies or shock adjustments were done with the aim to correct the problems that the Argentinean economy was suffering.
Among the problems that they had to face there was a huge crisis in the commercial ba Among the problems that they had to face there was a huge crisis in the commercial Jaqueline Garcia and the Universidad de Guadalajara Dr. Eduardo Santana and Rodrigo Esparza. Argos were processed by Earthspan and files created.
This study assessed the effect of acupuncture on the pain level and severity of the temporomandibular disorder TMD. Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale and severity by the Craniomandibular Dysfunction and Fonseca Indexes. The first 20 volunteers were undergone to acupuncture twice a week for five weeks without interruption, and after they were reassessed.
The results of these participants constituted acupuncture group. The other volunteers received the treatment after the first group and their data, collected in the beginning and after five weeks without treatment, were utilized as. These findings support the contribution of radiotherapy to both the reduction of. An evaluation of new circle system of anesthesia.
L'acné Juvénile 5eme
Full Text Available A small circuit system of anesthesia was developed by Fonseca and Goldenberg in Twenty male adult New Zealand rabbits were distributed in two groups of ten animals. No premedicant drugs were given. Insoflurane was used to anesthesia management, administred by lowflow closed system technique with cooper kettle vaporizer, fixed by pre-calculated vaporizing flow in double times intervals. The group II underwent surgical periostal scratching in the medial tibial surface at the proximal shaft. Hypotensio, hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis were characteristic of the cardiopulmonary effects of the anesthesia.
The corneal reflex and pinch reflex was useful as reliable indicators of anesthesic depth. Manual or mechanical ventilation should be considered as a way of improving alveolar ventilation and normalize blood-gas values. The system developed by Fonseca and Goldenberg was considered suitable for anesthesic management in rabbits. O isuflorane foi administrado lentamente no sistema circular de anestesia. Os animais respiravam espontaneamente. Description of the last nymphal instar of Talipes appendiculatus Hemiptera: Membracinae, and notes on the biology of the immatures and adults.
Descriptions of the adults male and female are also provided, with the addition of some new characters. The species adults, immatures of various stages has been collected on branches of Cassia fistula L. Caesalpinioidea, and is frequently attended by bees and wasps. Wang,Molecular effects of soy phytoalexin glyceollins in human. Six Sigma is a disciplined approach for dramatically reducing defects and producing measurable financial results Anand, ; Linderman et al.
It should not be a simple statistical tool, but rather a strategic managemen Measurement of the orbital angular momentum density of light by modal decomposition. Full Text Available indices for light fields possessing orbital angular momentum Appl. A narrativa seriada televisiva: Dating by fission tracers of some metamorphic rocks within the city of Rio de Janeiro.
Fission-Track FT ages were measured in apatites from metamorphic rocks outcropping within the city of Rio de Janeiro. These ages are supposed to be related to the isostatic uplift related to the opening of the South-Atlantic Ocean. Based on these and Fonseca et al. Envelhecimento ativo e caracteristicas de personalidade em idosos portugueses. Este presente estudo pretendeu testar empirica Full Text Available Ectoparasitic mites on Brazilian non-poisonous snakes, collected from March to December , are herein reported.
A systematic study of the Ixodorhynchidae, which include exclusively parasites of snakes is given, including all immature forms. Two new genera are described: Immature forms, hosts relations and geographical distribution are given for the species. Miriam Figueiredo Vieira da Cunha, Dra. Luciane Paula Vital, Me. Sonali Paula Molin Bedin, Me. Graziela Martins de Medeiros; e Dr. Sely Costa UnB, Dra. O evento foi realizado por: O evento contou com o apoio de: Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the water depth selection during foraging, the efficiency in prey capture, and the food items captured by Casmerodius albus Linnaeus, and Egretta thula Molina, Four transects were made each month two in the morning and two in the afternoon for six months.
When the birds were detected foraging, the water depth and the types of prey captured were recorded. There was no significant relationship between the foraging efficiencies of the two species. However, they differed in relation to the water depth when foraging, and also in the food items captured. Casmerodius albus captured mainly fishes while Egretta thula captured mainly invertebrates. The results suggest that the differences in water depth when foraging and the food items captured allow a differential use of the food resources available by C.
O trabalho foi realizado em uma lagoa urbana, Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas. Casmerodius albus capturou principalmente peixes, enquanto E. El enfrentamiento con el pasado conflictivo en Guatemala. Conference on Stochastic Analysis and Related Topics. Eugenia Rodrigo Santamalia y Eduardo Perez Laorga con el titulo "Influencia del tipo de trampa en la captura de mariposas de la procesionaria del pino Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff. Ethnomusicology and Audiovisual Communication: Selected Papers from the MusiCam Symposium. Ediciones Metales Pesados, , pp.
La musicoterapia en Chile: The paper also discusses theways in which the Suburban Gothic so often serves as a meansof expressing specifically middle-class anxieties about therelationship between the privileged and the disenfranchised, inthis instance, specifically Mexican anxieties about the libertiesafforded to the wealthy and the ramifications of police corruptionand political cronyism.
Gold nanoparticles and diclofenac diethylammonium administered by iontophoresis reduce inflammatory cytokines expression in Achilles tendinitis. La Violencia en la Mirada: Rodrigo Perito Cardoso Co-orientador: Directores de la Tesis: El dolor es definido por la Internacional Association for the Study of Pain como una experiencia sensitiva y emocional desagradable oca Narcotics and National Security: Refining the Military Option.
This criticism has centered on the armed forces A new Paxillus MacLeay, Coleoptera: Passalinae do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Full Text Available Paxillus is a neotropical genus belonging to the subfamily Passalinae widespread from Mexico to Argentina. Brazil is known to harbor five species belonging to this genus with most of them presenting at head a flattened central tubercle lacking a free apex.
The present study describes and illustrates another new species, which has been found in the Brazilian Amazon, showing this same characteristic. Taxonomic notes on some Polyglyptini: Maturna lloydi Funkhouser, , and Aphetea robustula, sp. Some nomenclatural changes are introduced, as follow: The Pavana geothermal area is located in southern Honduras near the Gulf of Fonseca.
This region is underlain by late Tertiary volcanic rocks. Within ranges near the geothermal manifestations, the rock sequences is characterized by intermediate to mafic laharic breccias and lavas overlain by silicic tuffs and lavas, which are in turn overlain by intermediate to mafic breccias, lavas, and tuffs. The nearest Quaternary volcanoes are about 40 km to the southwest, where the chain of active Central American volcanoes crosses the mouth of the Gulf of Fonseca.
Structure of the Pavana area is dominated by generally northwest-trending, southwest-dipping normal faults. This structure is topographically expressed as northwest-trending escarpments that bound blocks of bedrock separated by asymmetric valleys that contain thin alluvial deposits. Thermal waters apparently issue from normal faults and are interpreted as having been heated during deep circulation along fault zones within a regional environment of elevated heat flow. Diante disso, ecoa na sociedade um clamor por ordem.
The great cities are sick. Ahead of this, a outcry for order echoes in the society. At the same moment where the policy goes to the street, the writers create personages who give voice to the increasing sensation of that the city is leaving of being a reference to the constitution of the urban identities. It is from literature, in special of the writer Rubem Fonseca , that we will go to investigate the possibilities presented for the city for the human conviviality.
Full Text Available Mining activities for urbanization purposes have been practiced in the BrazilianFederal District for the last fifty years. Exploitation of sand, clay, stones, calcareous rocks,and gravel deposits resulted in 0. Deposits explored inthe last ten years have been reclaimed as demanded by local laws. The natural restoration of areas degraded by mining explotation is unpraticable,because the seed-bed and seedlings-bed is very injuried.
Restorationonly happens when the damage is minimal, for example, a glade opened by the death of a tree Fonseca et al. When an area is hardly damaged, the vegetal climax community,resulting from secondary succession, will never be the same as the one standed there before CREA-DF Cursos, ; Fonseca et al. In the case of areas degraded by mining,human intervention is necessary, because the vegetation has lost its resilience, and is not ableto commence a secondary succession by itself.
Seismic sources in El Salvador. A geological and geodetic contribution. El Salvador Fault Zone is a deformation band of km long and 20 km wide within the Salvadorian volcanic arc. The ESFZ deforms and offsets quaternary deposits with a right lateral movement in its main segments. Five segments have been proposed for the whole fault zone, from the Jalpatagua Fault to the Golfo de Fonseca. Paleoseismic studies in the Berlin and San Vicente Segments reveal an important amount of quaternary deformation.
In fact, the San Vicente Segment was the source of the February 13, destructive earthquake. In this work we propose 18 capable seismic sources within El Salvador. The slip rate of each source has been obtained through out the combination of GPS data and paleoseismic data when it has been possible. We also have calculated maximum theoretical intensities produced by the maximum earthquakes related with each fault. We have taken into account several scenarios considering different possible surface rupture lengths up to 50 km and Mw 7.
One form of learning in the field of resolution of school conflict, comes in great measure, from the pedagogical intentions with which these should be resolved - that is to say, coming forth unarmed. Abandoning those authoritarian practices that prevent other possibilities of approaching the Other, we consider that we are removing obstacles and reinventing concrete ways towards an optimal resolution of conflicts, paying heed as well to a contextual reality that moves us to establish better relations with the Other.
The number of day care centers in Brazil has doubled over the last few years; with this increase has come a rise in the numbers of cases of communicable disease, particularly pneumonia the main cause of child mortality in Brazil. A study by Dr. However, since the income earned by women in Brazil today is necessary to meet basic needs, children must be left at home with relatives or sent to day care.
Most of the centers taking in children under 6 years of age are urban; they care for, on average, children. These children are usually from low income families who live on the outskirts of cities; free day care is only provided to working mothers. There are 3 social factors involved: Financial and administrative responsibility for these centers varies. The centers provide meals, baths, rest, education including some special education services , and health care doctors, dentists, and nurses. Some accept abandoned children, who are cared for until they are adopted.
However, new studies indicate that the centers represent the primary risk factor for respiratory illnesses and were, until recently, the principal causes of diarrhea and child mortality. An ongoing comparative study by da Fonseca is analyzing the incidence rates of respiratory and infectious diseases among children attending a nursery in Fortaleza in comparison to those for cared for at home by family. Doctor Aluiso Barros, in another study, is observing children in 40 nurseries in Campinas. For 8 weeks, data was collected on the health, socioeconomic situation, medical history, and family medical history of each child.
The nurseries were examined and information was collected regarding the number of diseases reported each month, their. Escritores extranjeros en la Guerra Civil. De la guerra civil al exilio. Los empresarios de Franco. El siglo de Euskadi. Marcial Pons, Ediciones de Historia. Memorias de un soldado de Ciudad Rodrigo. Data were collected from physical education students with a mean age of Factorial and invariance measurements were tested via confirmatory factorial analysis. Results supported internal consistency for the two proposed subscales task and ego.
Based on modification indices and theoretical justification the TEOSQ p was reduced to 12 items with better goodness-of-fit indices for the oblique model. The results of gender invariance did not provide full empirical support to the multi-group equivalence assumption, being suggested that TEOSQ p does not measure in the same way goal orientations for boys orthogonal model and girls oblique model. In light of these results, conceptual, empirical and practical issues were discussed. Full Text Available The purpose of this research is to determine the leadership of the management staff in the subsystem of primary education Educational Unit "Dr.
The study was descriptive type that helped deepen understanding, knowledge and variable information posed: In relation to the sample population worked with 43 teachers working in the institution to which they applied an instrument type questionnaire composed of multiple alternative 36 items and its validation was granted three 03 experts who verified the compliance methodological criteria required for that purpose. While reliability was 0. The results showed that on campus management does not use different types of leadership; It was concluded that the relevant time current educational managers must combine different paradigms in his leadership.
A new species of Perlesta Plecoptera: Twenty-eight species of Nearctic Perlesta are currently recognized Stark , ; Kondratieff et al. Continued collecting and study of Perlesta from North Carolina by the authors revealed one additional undescribed species. Ten species of Perlesta currently have been recorded from North Carolina Stark , , Kondratieff et al. Additionally, new Perlesta species records are given for Virginia. The terminology used in the description of the male adult follows Stark , Full Text Available The article aims to discuss the affinities and ambiguities between messianism and welfare culture within the United Nations, around the following question: The discussion is systematized in two articulated axes: Brazilian flagship identity and the international conjuncture of the past and present.
It verifies that the United Nations cover a dialectic of identities, depending on the lens adopted by an analyst for its interpretation and the type of service it provides to Member States. It concludes that, power, violence and public policies configure the bulge of the United Nations as an institution dedicated to the dissemination of the Messianic ideals and culture of social welfare. Capitalism and new technologies in contemporary journalism. We are really in a period of mass production of news, as in a factory or in the post-Fordian assembly line which Fonseca points to, and the objective of this great network, for which the electronic machines supply the power, is profit.
Effective two-body equations for the four-body problem are derived within the general N-body theory of Alt, Grassberger, and Sandhas. Since our results are based on an exact and complete N-body theory, the investigation of subsystem reaction mechanisms is facilitated. As a consequence, we are led to a three-particle propagator which has the right pole behavior and includes exchange effects.
Personality traits and theory of mind: Performance data of a Spanish sample of university students. Full Text Available This article allows consulting the performance data of 96 Spanish university students in two personality questionnaires and two theory of mind ToM tasks. ToM, was measured through two computerized tasks: Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species Diptera with forensic importance in Southern Brazil.
Even in a forensic entomology framework, where females play a major role, female flesh flies are usually not identified. In order to fill this gap in Southern Brazil fauna we provide detailed descriptions and key for the female of nine species included in four genera: These species are distinguished mainly by genital characters as tergite 6 divided or undivided, presence of tergite 8, spermatheca morphology and vaginal plate shape.
Full Text Available The pursuit of perfection has been one of the challenges that always was followed by the human being. Currently no one is indifferent to the systematic and exceptional performances of athletes like Cristiano Ronaldo soccer, Simone Luder Niglli and Thierry Gueorgiou orienteering, Usain Bolt athletics, Michael Phelps swimming among many others, and whose characteristics, capabilities and development paths up immediately a great admiration and curiosity to know: What characteristics and skills makes them so exceptional?
How can maintain their high performance? But there are few studies focusing in some manner as orienteering. A Correspondence Analysis revealed that only Carvoeiros had a different nesting bird community. The overall apparent nesting success of nests was We did not support the vegetation density hypothesis since nest predation rates were similar between evergreen Comportamento e habitos alimentares de quatro especies de cichilidae teleostei no Pantanal Matogrossense. Metazoan endoparasites of Pygocentrus nattereri Characiformes: Serrasalminae in the Negro River, Pantanal , Brazil.
The specimens were necropsied and a total of 4, metazoan endoparasites were recovered, belonging to 10 taxons: Procamallanus Spirocamallanusinopinatus, Philometridae gen. Nematoda, Echinorhynchus paranensis Acanthocephala, Leiperia gracile,Sebekia oxycephala, Subtriquetra sp. This is the first record of two parasite species from P.
Toco Toucan Ramphastos toco frugivory and abundance in two habitats at South Pantanal. The floristic heterogeneity of the Pantanal and the occurrence of species with different adaptive strategies to water stress. Full Text Available The Pantanal is characterised by a diversity of environments with areas ranging from periodic or permanent heavy flooding to areas with low flood levels, and even environments that never flood. Plant species which inhabit the floodplain are distributed in specific niches, with influence of various phytogeographic domains, including the Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest, Amazon Rainforest, Cerrado and Chaco, as well rocky remnants, with a wide ecological span in their components.
In intensely flooded areas, aquatic macrophytes are widely distributed, with their dynamics closely linked to time, depth and extent of flooding. Although the term " Pantanal " suggests a huge swamp-type wetland, water level variation during a seasonal cycle does not directly reach the root system of many plants. The landscape diversity of the Pantanal wetland is molded by the flood pulse, which interferes with the dynamics of plant communities.
Therefore, the retraction and expansion of populations or communities is reflected in important ecological characteristics, considering the variety of morphological, anatomical and ecophysiological features of the species, whose phenotype is the result of a particular genotype. The present study discusses peculiar issues in the adaptation of species distributed in the Pantanal biome and underscores the importance of multidisciplinary approaches to obtain conclusive data on adaptive studies.
Hepatozoon species are the most common intracellular hemoparasite found in reptiles. Hepatozoon caimani, whose vectors are Culex mosquitoes, has been detected in a high prevalence among caimans in Brazil by blood smears examinations. The present work aimed to detect and characterize the Hepatozoon spp. Comparative analysis of parasitized and non-parasitized erythrocytes showed that all analyzed features were significantly different PHepatozoon spp.
Full Text Available Abstract Hepatozoon species are the most common intracellular hemoparasite found in reptiles. Comparative analysis of parasitized and non-parasitized erythrocytes showed that all analyzed features were significantly different P Pantanal. Habitats, population densities, and social structure of capybaras Hydrochaeris Hydrochaeris, Rodentia in the Pantanal , Brazil. Seasonal floods begin in January and end in April. From May to October the land dries out and campos grassland formations and scattered pools appear.
Areas without ponds or creeks presented low densities from 0. However, the principal recruitment of young to the population was observed in July-August. While the females took turns in caring for young of different ages, probably the offspring of mothers who are sisters in the same social groups, the males competed intensively with each other for access to breeding females. The male's reproductive success appears to be limited to the number of breeding females that males have access to in the social group. A successful case of biological invasion: It was introduced by escaping from culture ponds in the Upper Piquiri River and spread downstream, along the lateral flooded areas of that river, continuing through the clear waters of the left bank of the Paraguay River and reaching south as far as the Paraguai Mirim and Negrinho rivers.
Adult spawners have been found in the region, meaning that it is a self-sustained population. Reproduction occurs in the period of low waters. They were found feeding on fishes of lentic environments belonging to the families Characidae, Cichlidae and Loricariidae. Until the end of , its distribution was restricted to the left bank of the Paraguay River, but in March , some specimens were found on the right bank, raising a question for the future: Information about its dispersion is increasing: Full Text Available This paper analises the construction of the mith around the environment and the landscape of Pantanal.
Dynamics of Haematobia irritans irritans Diptera: Muscidae infestation on Nelore cattle in the Pantanal , Brazil. Full Text Available From June to May , horn fly counts were conducted twice a month on untreated Nelore cattle raised extensively in the Pantanal. The highest infestations population peaks were short and dropped suddenly within two weeks.
Dessa forma relatam-se os seguintes processamentos: Nitrous oxide N 2 O is an important greenhouse gas and ozone depleter, but the global budget of N 2 O remains unbalanced. At three sites, we repeatedly measured in situ fluxes of N 2 O and sampled porewater nitrate [Formula: In , 10 sites were screened for in situ fluxes of N 2 O and soil [Formula: The in situ fluxes of N 2 O were comparable to fluxes from heavily fertilized forests or agricultural soils.
An important parameter affecting N 2 O emission rate was precipitation, inducing peak emissions The present paper shidied study the production of the meat flour from the pantanal alligator's viscera as well as the physic-chemical, biochemical and microbiological proprieties of the obtained flour. These proprieties can be parameters of quality control and are normally demanded in the trade of meat flour made from viscera and other discharge animals for domestic use. The results obtained from pH, soluble acidity, components percentual composition, Ca and P minerals, digestibility in pepsin, the microbiological aspect salmonella determination, and the stability to the meat flour according to the evaluation of the number of TBARS, demonstrate the use of the viscera of the pantanal alligator are feasible as alternate source of nutrients for the incorporation in the formulating of animal feed.
In general, the net radiation Rn relied much more on the global solar radiation RG levels than on water conditions and ecosystem types, in accordance with the low Rn standard deviation values. According to the spatial and temporal consistencies, and after comparisons with other previous point and large-scale studies, the SAFER algorithm proved to have sensibility to quantify and compare the large-scale radiation and energy balance components in the different ecosystems of the Brazilian Pantanal.
The algorithm is useful for monitoring the energy exchange dynamics among the different terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem types throughout the seasons of the year. Vocal patterns of adult females and juveniles Caiman yacare Crocodilia: Alligatoridae in Brazilian Pantanal wetland. Despite the relative availability of works focused on biology and conservation of the Paraguayan caiman, almost nothing is known about its vocal structure and behavior. The results of both observations and sonographic analyses diverged from studies with other crocodilian species.
Aggressive vocalization of adult females of the Paraguayan caiman was longer and more complex than the same vocalization of larger Alligatoridae species. Vocalizations of the young caimans presented interspecific differences with other crocodilian offsprings. Moreover, we found statistically significant intraspecific variation in the distress call structure among different pods, even separated by few kilometers.
We obtained the squared Mahalanobis distances between the acoustic multivariate spaces of each pod provided by the CDA and compared with the geographic distance between the bays of origin of each pod through Mantel Test. The geographic distance by itself did not explain the differences found in the structure of the vocalization of young caimans from different pods. The adult females of Paraguayan caiman positively responded to playbacks of calls from juvenile caimans from pods of other regions, as well as to rough imitations of distress call.
Since the adult caimans showed protective responses to quite heterogeneous vocalizations of distress by juveniles, we hypothesized that the variation in the distress call pattern may be associated to a low specificity in sound recognition by adult caimans. Evaluation of the mobility of CS in soil profiles of the Pantanal region. Radioactive pollutants can cause impact on the environmental quality of soils and represent a risk to human health. Radioecological studies have shown that soils with low pH, low organic matter content and low fertility are more vulnerable to contamination by Cs, since the transfer to plants is high.
In this study, some surface horizons of soils from Jaraguari, situated at Brazilian Pantanal were assessed in order to map their vulnerability to contamination by Cs. It was also proposed some mitigation measures adapted to the regional scenario in order to optimize radiological protection for rural areas. A conceptual model established to detect the vulnerability of radioactively contaminated soils was applied for soils located in the municipality of Jaraguari Mato Grosso do Sul. This conceptual model was established based on the relationship between reference values of the soil-to-plant transfer factor TF for Cs and critical pedological parameters for each radiovulnerability category pH, CTC and exchangeable K.
The application of this conceptual model to a soil data bank using Geographic Information System GIS tools generated vulnerability soils maps. This result identified that most of Pantanal soils presented very low radiovulnerability, but it was possible to detect some small areas presenting extreme radiovulnerability. It was possible to conclude that these small areas is not indicated for activities that presents a potential risk for Cs contamination and also it must receive priority actions for remediation in the case of accident, since a superficial contamination with Cs in these areas can lead to a contamination of subsoil and to a significant spread of contamination via groundwater.
Programa de Engenharia Nuclear. Full Text Available This work presents the Pb geochronology of seven bottom sediment cores, collected in three floodplain lakes located in the area of the middle Taquari River, Pantanal , Brazil. In five of them, a significant increase in the sediment mass deposition rate was observed, reflecting an increase of the sediment input to the Pantanal. Additionally, in order to validate the Pb results, the mercury content was determined for two sediment cores, showing that despite a constant concentration, the flux of Hg has increased due to an increase in the mass sedimentation rate.
This increase can be attributed to the expansion of agricultural activity in the upper Taquari River during the last 25 years. Flooded native pastures of the northern region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso: Full Text Available The Pantanal comprises a number of landscape units, submitted to a flood pulse with variable intensity or regularity. One of these units, the flooded plains, is important in cattle raising.
This study was carried out in the northern portion of the Pantanal and presents data related to the productive dynamics of the flooded native pastures both protected from and exposed to cattle. The greatest total biomass values were for the protected pasture due to accumulated dead biomass.
Net primary production presented smaller values at the flood-season start and increasing gradually beginning in the subsequent rainy season.
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However, consumption by cattle was also more intense during the months of greater precipitation. The effect of cattle in pastures is of fundamental importance to management since it prevents the dead biomass excess that increases fire risks. Genetic Pattern and Demographic History of Salminus brasiliensis: Population Expansion in the Pantanal Region during the Pleistocene.
Full Text Available Pleistocene climate changes were major historical events that impacted South American biodiversity. Although the effects of such changes are well-documented for several biomes, it is poorly known how these climate shifts affected the biodiversity of the Pantanal floodplain. Fish are one of the most diverse groups in the Pantanal floodplains and can be taken as a suitable biological model for reconstructing paleoenvironmental scenarios. We specifically investigated whether Pleistocene climate changes affected the demography of this species.
If this was the case, we expected to find changes in population size over time. Thus, we assessed the genetic diversity of S. Based on two mitochondrial DNA markers, our inferences from ABC analysis, the results of Bayesian skyline plot, the implications of star-like networks, and the patterns of genetic diversity high haplotype diversity and low-to-moderate nucleotide diversity indicated a sudden population expansion. ABC allowed us to make strong quantitative inferences about the demographic history of S.
We estimated a small ancestral population size that underwent a drastic fivefold expansion, probably associated with the colonization of newly formed habitats. The estimated time of this expansion was consistent with a humid and warm phase as inferred by speleothem growth phases and travertine records during. Response of wild mammals to seasonal shrinking-and-expansion of habitats due to flooding regime of the Pantanal , Brazil.
Rivers are slow moving when they meet the flatland slope 0. Fluctuating water levels, nutrients and wildlife form a dynamic ecosystem. A flooding regime forms distinct sub-regions within the Pantanal. A mammal survey was carried out in the sub-region of the Rio Negro from April, through March, to study the diversity and abundance of terrestrial mammals during the dry and flooding seasons.
A total of 36 species were observed in the field. The capybara Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris was the most frequent species, followed by the crab-eating-fox Cerdocyon thous and the marsh deer Blastocerus dichotomus. The highest abundance of species was observed during the dry season August and September, when there is a considerable expansion of terrestrial habitats, mainly seasonally flooded grassland. Animal abundance in terms of observed individual frequencies varied during the dry and wet seasons and the seasonally flooded grassland was the most utilized habitat by mammals in the dry season.
New species of Eimeria Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae from Thrichomys fosteri and Clyomys laticeps Rodentia: Echimyidae of the Brazilian Pantanal. The echimyid rodents Thrichomys fosteri and Clyomys laticeps are among the most commonly recorded small mammals in the Pantanal wetland of Brazil. These species play important ecological roles since they are the basis of the food chain of some predators and are parasitized by some pathogens.
Knowledge of the eimerians that parasitize echimyid rodents in Brazil is absent, and only one report is available for South America. We therefore investigated parasitism by coccidians in the echimyids T. Using morphological and morphometric features and associated statistical analyses, we describe five new eimerian species parasitizing T. We document the developmental forms in the tissues, and describe lesions in the enteric tract of some infected animals.
We also discuss some approaches regarding epidemiological and ecological data. Our results demonstrate that echimyid rodents in the Brazilian Pantanal are important hosts for the maintenance of enteric coccidia. Moreover, in some circumstances, this parasitism may threaten the health of the hosts.
The Pantanal is one of the largest wetlands in the world. Since many areas in Pantanal are flooded during part of the year, it is expected that plants and animals would have mechanisms for their survival during the flooded period. This study investigated the existence of differences in nest shape and inquilines of Cornitermes silvestrii in areas influenced by the flood pulse. To analyze the relationship of nest inquilines to flood pulse and nest shape, we performed a regression with a Poisson distribution with the inquiline richness and flood pulse, and the above measurements.
The nests of C. Colonies in periodically flooded areas would probably make a larger effort to extend their nests vertically, to maintain at least some portion of the structure out of the water and prevent the entire colony from being submerged. Neither the size of the nest nor the flood pulses influenced the assemblage of 11 species found in nests of C. Biodiversity of the Pantanal: Full Text Available Seasonal flooding is the most important ecological phenomenon in the Pantanal. Every year many parts of the biome change from terrestrial into aquatic habitats and vice-versa.
The degree of inundation creates a range of major habitats. In contrast, during the dry season, most of the flooded areas stay dry, when the water returns to the river beds or evaporates. The maze of fluctuating water levels, nutrients, and biota forms a dynamic ecosystem. The vegetation comprises 1, phanerogam plant species listed for the floodplain and 3, for the whole basin and species of aquatic plants. The complex vegetation cover and seasonal productivity support a diverse and abundant fauna within the floodplain: Many endangered species occur, including jaguar Panthera onca Linnaeus, Waterfowl are exceptionally abundant during the dry season.
Under an evolutionary focus, local biodiversity seems to be well adapted to seasonal shrinking and expansion of natural habitats due to flooding. However, the conversion of natural vegetation due to human occupation is a real threat to biodiversity. Sedentary nestlings of Wood Stork as monitors of mercury contamination in the gold mining region of the Brazilian Pantanal.
Nassif Del Lama, Silvia, E-mail: Sedentary organisms that are at top trophic levels allow inference about the level of local mercury contamination. We evaluated mercury contamination in feather tissue of nestling Wood Storks Mycteria americana , sampled in different parts of the Brazilian Pantanal that were variably polluted by mercury releases from gold mining activities. Levels of mercury in feathers sampled in seven breeding colonies were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the mean value of mercury concentration was 0. Highest values found in nestlings feathers were similar to those found in feathers of adult birds and in tissues of adult mammals that are less sedentary and were captured in the same region of Pantanal.
These findings indicate that mercury released has been biomagnified and it is present in high concentrations in tissues of top consumers. We suggest a program to monitor mercury availability in this ecosystem using sedentary life forms of top predators like Wood Storks or other piscivorous birds. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Sedentary stork nestlings were used for the first time to show local mercury contamination of Pantanal. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Differences were found among regions but they are not explained only by distance from the gold mining.
Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Permanently flooded areas and areas along mainstream rivers are more contaminated than dry areas. Biologia reprodutiva de Synallaxis albilora aves: Foram monitorados 60 ninhos durante os anos de , , e O ninho de S. Estes dados sugerem que a probabilidade de encontrar ninhos de S. Diversos grupos foram observados utilizando ninhos antigos. The genus Rickettsia comprises obligatory intracellular bacteria, well known to cause zoonotic diseases around the world. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of Rickettsia spp.
Serum samples from canids, felids, rodents and marsupials were individually tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test IFAT in order to detect IgG antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri and Rickettsia amblyommatis. The ticks collected from animals belonged to the species Amblyomma sculptum, Amblyomma parvum, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma tigrinum, Rhipicephalus Boophilus microplus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and Amblyomma auricularium.
One hundred and sixteen Among SFG Rickettsia-positive ticks samples, 93 Evaluation of Cs mobility in soil profiles from the Pantanal region, Brazil. Radioactive pollutants can cause impact on the environmental quality of soils and pose a risk to human health. In this study, we aimed to assess and map the vulnerability to contamination by Cs surface horizons of the soils from the Pantanal and propose mitigation measures adapted to the regional scenario to optimize radiological protection of agricultural areas. Therefore, selected soil profiles located in the municipality of Jaraguari, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, and applied the conceptual model developed by Picanco Jr , which was used in the reference values of the factor of soil-plant transfer FT for Cs in corn, related soil variables pH, CTC and exchangeable K and relevance of parameters and variations of amplitudes for each value range of FT.
The application of this conceptual model established to detect the vulnerability of soils to radioactive contamination generated maps vulnerability showing that the region is very heterogeneous as this criterion, showing low levels of vulnerability for most of the region and in some areas, extreme vulnerability. This result identified the Pantanal as one of the less vulnerable to the radioactive contamination, but the sparse areas of extreme vulnerability can lead to contamination of subsoil and a significant spread of contamination via groundwater.
This conceptual model, which defines vulnerability classification, is a first step for the study and determination of a numerical index of vulnerability to Cs soil and can be used in. Age and growth of the Duckbill Catfish Sorubim cf. The age and growth of S. The samples were taken from commercial and experimental hook-and-line fishing. An analysis of the marginal increment suggests that the growth rings are formed once a year during the dry season, from July to September ANOVA type I: The estimate of the parameters that describe von Bertalanffy's growth curve by nonlinear regression of the observed lengths in the age were: The animals were estimated to have a life span of 9.
The findings indicate that the fork length is a good predictor of the age of individuals of this fish species. Full Text Available The sustainable use of land constitutes a growing concern for different managements and inappropriate agricultural practices. Despite the expansion of scientific knowledge on soil it appears that the use of indicators to estimate their quality, independently does not allow a proper evaluation for the diagnosis of imbalances in production systems.
This research aimed to diagnose changes on important physical and microbiological indicators in a dystrophic Red-Yellow Oxissol under extensive grazing conditions and native vegetation in the Brazilian Pantanal. The results showed significant deterioration in physical and microbiological environment anthropized with average reductions in indicators of By inserting these results in a Qualigram allowed to obtain a quantitative index of soil quality under extensive grazing equal to Based on this index has qualified sustainable management of cumulative effects on pasture as a "system under collapse" compared to the native environment.
Identification and antimicrobial resistance of microflora colonizing feral pig Sus scrofa of Brazilian Pantanal. Full Text Available Antimicrobial resistance of bacteria is a worldwide problem affecting wild life by living with resistant bacteria in the environment.
This study presents a discussion of outside factors environment on microflora of feral pigs Sus scrofa from Brazilian Pantanal. Animals had samples collected from six different body sites coming from two separated geographic areas, Nhecolandia and Rio Negro regions. With routine biochemical tests and commercial kits bacteria were identified, with Gram-positive, predominantly staphylococci 36 and enterococci strains.
Among Gram-negative GN bacteria the predominant specimens of Enterobacteriaceae mainly represented by Serratia spp. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested against 17 drugs by agar diffusion method. The results show a new profile of oxacillin-resistant enterococci from Brazilian feral pigs and suggest a limited residue and spreading of antimicrobials in the environment, possibly because of low anthropogenic impact reflected by the drug susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated.
Complementary data on four methods for sampling free-living ticks in the Brazilian Pantanal. Full Text Available In this study, four methods for sampling free-living ticks that are used in ecological and human tick-bite risk studies were evaluated. Cloth dragging, carbon dioxide traps and visual searches and inspection of plant litter on the ground were used in field and forest areas within the Brazilian Pantanal. Among the three tick species collected, Amblyomma sculptum predominated, followed by Amblyomma parvum and Amblyomma ovale.
Dragging, a cheap and simple technique, yielded the highest numbers of ticks, particularly nymphs. The visual search detected a high number of adult ticks and provided information on tick questing height. Even though laborious, plant litter examination showed that large numbers of ticks may use this stratum. Carbon dioxide CO2 traps are expensive and difficult to handle, but they are highly efficient for adult ticks, especially A. These data indicate that one method alone is incapable of providing a representative sample of the tick fauna in a particular area and that multiple techniques should be used for tick population studies.
The distribution and possible association among positive animal and ranches were evaluated by the chi-square test, spatial autoregressive and multiple linear regression models. The prevalence of antibodies against EIV was estimated at Seropositive equines were found on Equine from non-flooded ranches No spatial correlation was found among the ranches, but the ones located in non-flooded areas were associated with antibodies against EIV. A negative correlation was found between the prevalence of antibodies against EIV and the presence of EIAV positive animals on the ranches.
The high prevalence of antibodies against EIV detected in this study suggests that the virus is circulating among the animals, and this statistical analysis indicates that the movement and aggregation of animals are factors associated to the transmission of the virus in the region. Efficacy of extracts from plants of the Brazilian Pantanal against Rhipicephalus Boophilusmicroplus. Full Text Available This research evaluated the in vitro acaricidal activity of extracts from 21 plant species from the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul.
Helminth parasite communities of allopatric populations of the frog Leptodactylus podicipinus from Pantanal , Brazil. Several factors may influence the structure of parasite communities in amphibian hosts. In this study, we describe the helminth parasites of three allopatric populations of the frog Leptodactylus podicipinus and test whether host size and sex were determinants of the structure and composition of the helminth communities.
One hundred and twenty-three anurans were collected from three different study sites within the Pantanal wetlands and surveyed for helminth parasites. We found 14 helminth taxa: Host sex and size did not cause significant differences in helminth abundance or richness.
The structure of helminth communities from the three study sites varied in terms of species composition, abundance and diversity. Six out of 14 helminth taxa were found in the three localities. Among those, the nematodes Cosmocerca podicipinus and Rhabdias sp. We suggest that such differences found among the three component communities are driven by biotic and abiotic factors operating locally.
Moreover, these differences stress the importance of local conditions, such as hydrologic characteristics and landscape composition, on helminth community structure. Spatial and temporal distribution of fish larvae in marginal lagoons of Pantanal , Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Samples were collected bimonthly in the pelagic region of the marginal lagoons fourteen lagoons close to the littoral zone covered by aquatic macrophytes from December to April The captured individuals consisted of 2, larvae, represented predominantly by Triportheus spp.
Characidae, Parodontidae, Anostomidae, Characidae and Serrasalmidae. Larval density varied among the sample lagoons in December, but the biotic zooplankton density and abiotic water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, water transparency and lagoon depth factors did not significantly affect larval composition and abundance. Larvae were captured throughout the sample period, with the highest densities occurring in December and early January. Temporally, lagoon depth, water transparency and fluviometric level showed a negative correlation with larval density.
Both the zooplankton and the larval density vary positively, responding likewise to the environmental conditions imposed by flooding. The highest larval density was also found to coincide with the first rains early December, when the rainfall has not yet reached its peak. Risk factors for infection in dogs were also evaluated. This study reports the first E. Surveys to assess environmental knowledge are elementary tools to ensure successful environmental education. Felines are considered key components of the environment, acting as flagships for conservation.
Nevertheless, they are threatened by loss of habitat, prey reductions, and poaching. In the mosaic of protected areas in the Brazilian Pantanal ,…. Temporal variation in the composition of ant assemblages Hymenoptera, Formicidae on trees in the Pantanal floodplain, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. In this paper we investigate how seasonal flooding influences the composition of assemblages of ants foraging on trees in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul. During the flood in the Pantanal , a large area is covered by floods that are the main forces that regulate the pattern of diversity in these areas.
However, the effects of such natural disturbances in the ant communities are poorly known. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temporal variation in assemblages of ants foraging on trees in the Pantanal of Miranda. Samples were collected during a year in two adjacent areas, one who suffered flooding during the wet period and another that did not suffer flooding throughout the year. In 10 sites for each evaluated habitat, five pitfall traps were installed at random in trees 25 m apart from each other. In the habitat with flooding, the highest richness was observed during the flooding period, while there was no significant change in richness in the area that does not suffer flooding.
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The diversity of species between the two evaluated habitats varied significantly during the two seasons. Most ants sampled belong to species that forage and nest in soil. This suggests that during the flood in flooded habitats, ants that did not migrate to higher areas without flooding adopt the strategy to search for resources in the tree canopy. Phenology of Cornops aquaticum Bruner Orthoptera: Acrididae em Eichhornia azurea Pontederiaceae no norte do pantanal de Mato Grosso. J da; Marques, Marinez I. Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, Ambientais e Biologicas.
Cornops aquaticum Bruner has Eichhornia crassipes, E. This grasshopper species is cited as a possible agent of biological control for native aquatic macrophytes E. This study, carried out from March, to February, , aimed to evaluate the phenology and age structure of the population of C. Monthly collections of 50 individuals were carried out according to the protocol defined by the - Host - Insect Coevolution on Waterhyacinth - project.
Adults and nymphs were separated and the females dissected in order to evaluate ovary maturation. The population presented adults and nymphs during the whole year, suggesting the occurrence of more than one reproductive period. The nymphs from the fi rst stage predominated in August and the adults in September and October , synchronized with the dry period and beginning of the flooding period, respectively.
The data suggest that C. A sustainable alternative to improve yield and the nutritive value of forage is the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria PGPB that release nutrients, synthesize plant hormones and protect against phytopathogens among other mechanisms. Azospirillum genus is considered an important PGPB, due to the beneficial effects observed when inoculated in several plants.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of new Azospirillum isolates and select bacteria according to the plant growth promotion ability in three forage species from the Brazilian Pantanal floodplain: Axonopus purpusii, Hymenachne amplexicaulis and Mesosetum chaseae. The isolates were evaluated in vitro considering biological nitrogen fixation BNF and indoleacetic acid IAA production. At 31 days after planting the plant height, shoot dry matter, shoot protein content and root volume were evaluated.
All isolates were able to fix nitrogen and produce IAA, with values ranging from The inoculation of H.
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There were positive effects of Azospirillum inoculation on Mesosetum chaseae regarding plant height, shoot dry matter and root volume. Diet and resource partitioning among anurans in irrigated rice fields in Pantanal , Brazil. Full Text Available Artificial ponds or irrigated systems scattered throughout farmlands can offer important habitats for anurans and can be interesting sites for research on species resources use in a changing landscape.
This study describes the diet and resource partitioning among anurans inhabiting irrigated rice fields in the Pantanal region. Twenty categories of prey were found in the stomachs of Leptodactylus chaquensis, L. The great differences found in the diet of these species in rice fields compared to other locations, according to available records in the literature, was the increased importance of Hemipitera and Orthoptera and the decrease in importance of Hymenoptera in the diet of leptodactylids.
These differences might be attributed to changes in the availability of resources in response to habitat modification. Although diet composition was very similar among species, niche overlap was larger than expected by chance, suggesting that the competition for food resources is not, or has not been, a significant force in determining the structure of this frog community.
Two non-exclusive hypotheses could be considered as a justification for this result: Vertical and time distribution of Diplopoda Arthropoda: Myriapoda in a monodominant forest in Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Full Text Available In this study different sampling techniques for Diplopoda in soil, tree trunks and canopies were applied in an integrated way in the northern region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
This was done in order to assess the relationship within the fauna in each forest strata, as well as its richness and temporal distribution. In all these habitats there were a total of 1, diplopods, distributed in four taxonomic orders, with Polyxenida being predominant over Polydesmida, Spirostreptida and Spirobolida. The largest representation was found on the trunks of the Vochysia divergens ind. In the edaphic stratum diplopods were captured, most with the use of the Winkler extractor, followed by pitfall traps and soil photoecletors.
In spite of being an important group in these environments, both in terms of richness and diversity, this was less than has been observed in other Neotropical areas. However, due to seasonal changes in the Pantanal the existence of a relationship between the soil and the tree fauna was found as well as different survival strategies observed during the flood period.
Regarding vertical distribution, the greatest richness and variety of taxonomic groups was found in the forest's edaphic environment demonstrating its association mainly with this forest stratum. Effects of flooding on the spatial distribution of soil seed and spore banks of native grasslands of the Pantanal wetland. Full Text Available ABSTRACTTo better understand the role that flooding plays in shaping plant communities of native floodable grasslands of the Pantanal and to characterize the spatial distribution of plants, we present the results of a survey of soil seed and spore banks using the seedling emergence method.
We hypothesized that terrain subjected to the deepest and longest flooding should have higher propagule abundance and richness. The species composition and distribution of seeds and spores in the soil were assessed at five sites using three sampling positions at each according to inundation intensity. In each sample position 2cm-thick soil samples were collected in quadrats to a depth of 10cm. Litter was also collected as an independent layer. Sample monitoring in the greenhouse resulted in the emergence of seedlings, or propagules.
Both the litter layer and the deepest soil layer had low abundances. A total of forty-four morphospecies 16 families were recorded. Both seedling abundance and species richness were concentrated in the more floodable center sections. Isoetes pedersenii, Eleocharis minima, Sagittaria guayanensis, Rotala mexicana, Eleocharis plicarhachis, and Panicum laxum were the most abundant species. The species composition and spatial distribution of the propagule bank suggests that flooding plays a crucial role in seasonal vegetation dynamics in Pantanal wetlands, mediated by the ability of the soil to host seeds and spores during dry season.
Equine infectious anaemia in equids of Southern Pantanal , Brazil: From September to November , forty ranches distributed through the area of the municipality were visited, and serum samples were obtained from equines and mules. According to previous publications and the present data, it was concluded that the prevalence of EIA in this population has increased from There was no significant difference between the apparent prevalence of equines and mules.
It was also verified that the control programme was not known by the greater part of the interviewed ranch owners, managers and foremen and, in their perception, EIA is not a primary threat to address. Among the studied variables, the serologic testing practice significantly reduced the risk for the presence of EIA seropositivity, as well as the separation of riding equipment and segregation of seropositives.
Full Text Available The objective of this work was to map and quantify the deforested area in the Brazilian Pantanal Biome until the year of and related to the main physiognomies and counties limits. Then, the Biome Pananal area was separated in 20 small projects according to the topographic maps at 1: The information on deforested areas and editing procedure of the polygons was done visually on the screen using SPRING 4.
The Physiognomic-Ecological System was used for the classification of the vegetation including new information when it was necessary. In the deforested interpretation process was considered the texture, color, standard, form and localization geographic location and information colleted during the field survey. The minimum mapped area was around 40ha.. Full Text Available The legal Pantanal caiman Caiman crocodilus yacare farming, in Brazil, has been stimulated and among meat preservation techniques the salting process is a relatively simple and low-cost method.
The objective of this work was to study the sodium chloride diffusion kinetics in farmed caiman muscle during salting. The analytical solution of second Fick's law considering one-dimensional diffusion through an infinite slab in contact with a well-stirred solution of limited volume was used to calculate effective salt diffusion coefficients and to predict the sodium chloride content in the fillets. A good agreement was obtained between the considered analytical model and experimental data.
Salt diffusivities in fillets were found to be in the range of 0. Palavras Chave — Rio Miranda, Pantanal , rio meandrante. This work analyses the surface radiation budget components observed over the Pantanal wetland located in the south part of Mato Grosso do Sul State, on September, during the dry season. For this period, these components showed a well defined diurnal cycle, with the shortwave radiation fluxes showing a maximum of Wm-2 at noon.
The albedo presents a specular behavior with minimum equal to 0. The land surface emissivity, corrected to a gray body radiative temperature, shows values between 0.
Direct measurements of shortwave and long-wave density radiative fluxes were used to adjust the optimum parameters on the proposed Monteith and Unsworth , Swinbank and Brutsaert formulations. Terrestrial arthropods from tree canopies in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. This study represents a contribution to the knowledge of the diversity of arthropods associated to the canopy of Vochysia divergens Pohl Vochysiaceae. Three trees individuals were sampled during two seasonal periods in this region: The 15, arthropods The dominant groups were Hymenoptera Dermaptera, Isoptera, Neuroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera and Trichoptera were collected from only one tree.
Of the total, 2, adult Coleoptera collected The communitiy of adult Coleoptera on V. The influence of the flood pulse on the community of arboreal arthropods in V. Construction of arboreal nests by brown-nosed coatis, Nasua nasua Carnivora: Procyonidae in the Brazilian Pantanal. Full Text Available The construction of arboreal nests is rare among mammals in the order Carnivora. Nasua Storr, build arboreal nests that are used for resting or birthing. Here we describe Nasua nasua Linnaeus, nests located during a telemetry study of coatis in the Brazilian Pantanal.
Coati nests were all "bird-like", that is, open nests having a semispherical shape. Nests were constructed of twigs, branches, and lianas sometimes interlaced with leaves. Nests were found in open "cerrado" vegetation, along forest edges, or in interior "cordilheiras" forest. The reasons why coatis build such nests are unclear, but may relate to inter or intraspecific competition for nesting sites, litter size, thermoregulation, and predation avoidance.
Exposure of free-living jaguars to Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona in the Brazilian Pantanal. Full Text Available Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona are related apicomplexan parasites that cause reproductive and neurological disorders in a wide range of domestic and wild animals. In the present study, the immunofluorescence antibody test IFAT was used to investigate the presence of antibodies against T. Our findings reveal exposure of jaguars to these related coccidian parasites and circulation of these pathogens in this wild ecosystem.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first serological detection of N. Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona are related apicomplexan parasites that cause reproductive and neurological disorders in a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil. The Network for Protection and Conservation of Amolar Mountain Ridge is an informal initiative that legally protects over km2 of the Pantanal biome.
Several camera-trapping surveys were carried out at Amolar Mountain Ridge from August to September in order to increase our knowledge of the species occurrence and its ecological requirements. The aims of this study were: We used the Kernel density method to describe the species' activity patterns. We obtained records from camera-days of eight carnivores, including endangered species in Brazil, such as the jaguar Panthera onca, puma Puma concolor, and ocelot Leopardus pardalis, that were among the most frequently recorded by camera traps.
The other species detected were the South America coati Nasua nasua, the tayra Eira barbara, the crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus and the jaguarundi Puma yagouaroundi. We provided information on activity patterns of the jaguar and puma, which exhibited cathemeral activity patterns, on the ocelot and crab-eating fox, which were mostly nocturnal, and on the Southern coati and jaguarundi, which were diurnal. Scansorial and species that occur naturally in low densities as the tayra and the crab-eating raccoon were difficult to be detected with the used camera trapping setting.
However, due to the natural characteristics of the study area, camera trapping is among the most appropriate tools for providing data about carnivores and their prey. This information is essential to delineate conservation plans for Amolar Mountain Ridge. Full Text Available Cracids are generalist frugivores, which often exploit plant food resources such as flowers and leaves, mainly when fruit production declines. The Chaco chachalaca Ortalis canicollis is the most abundant cracid in the Pantanal Brazil, and particularly common in the gallery forests. However, the factors related to their occurrence in this habitat type are unclear.
In this study I describe the feeding habits and feeding niche breadth fluctuations of the Chaco chachalaca in relation to food resources abundance and diversity at the Miranda river gallery forest Southern Pantanal. I also analyzed the relationships between Chaco chachalacas feeding activity and food resources abundance. This parameter flowers and fruits exhibited significant seasonal differences of abundance in which flowers were plentiful at the end of the dry, while fruits were abundant during the early wet season.
However, food resources diversity to Chaco chachalacas exhibited no seasonal difference. Their feeding activity paralleled the availability of food resources, so that when some items were massively available an enhanced number of Chaco chachalacas foraged in the gallery forest, particularly during the prolonged dry season when they extensively used flowers and Genipa americana fruits.
In fact, the Chaco chachalaca feeding niche breadth value presented low values in this period, while high values were common in the rest of the year. The flexible diet of this cracid, potentially favors their year round presence in the gallery forest, mainly during the prolonged dry season when the propensity for famine might be high. Since the Chaco chachalaca is among the largest and most abundant canopy frugivores in the gallery forest, it may contribute to forest regeneration, an underscored role due to the impact of annual floods and meandering dynamics on tree loss. Abundance and frugivory of the toco toucan Ramphastos toco in a gallery forest in Brazil's Southern Pantanal.
Full Text Available Unlike other toucan species, the Toco toucan Ramphastos toco - the largest Ramphastidae - usually inhabits dry semi-open areas.
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This conspicuous canopy frugivore uses a large home range that includes a variety of vegetation types, among which gallery forests are widely cited as important to this species. However, the factors relating to the occurrence of Toco toucans in such habitats are unclear. I studied the abundance of Toco toucans as well as the availability of fleshy fruit in a gallery forest in the southern Pantanal sub-region of Miranda, Brazil, in order to assess the relationship between these parameters.
Also, I examined toucan foraging activity to analyze its relationship with both toucan abundance and fruit availability. The presence of the Toco toucan was more common in the gallery forest from the middle to the end of the dry season and during the middle of the wet season. Toucans foraged for fleshy fruits, mainly Genipa americana, Ficus luschnatiana, and Cecropia pachystachya fruits, feeding mostly on G. Toco toucan abundance in the gallery forest was associated with the availability of the most commonly consumed fleshy fruits, and also with its foraging activity.
This finding suggests that the Toco toucan moved to the gallery forest periodically in response to the availability of abundant food resources, especially the G. Therefore, these fruits potentially contribute to Toco toucan persistence in the South Pantanal during the harshest period of the year. Abundance and frugivory of the Toco toucan Ramphastos toco in a gallery forest in Brazil's southern Pantanal. Unlike other toucan species, the Toco toucan Ramphastos toco --the largest Ramphastidae--usually inhabits dry semi-open areas.
I studied the abundance of Toco toucans as well as the availability of fleshy fruit in a gallery forest in the southern Pantanal sub-region of Miranda, Brazil , in order to assess the relationship between these parameters. Plant food resources and the diet of a parrot community in a gallery forest of the southern Pantanal Brazil. Full Text Available Neotropical parrots usually forage in forest canopies for nectar, flowers, leaves, fruit pulp, and seeds. As they have no all-purpose territories, these birds usually exploit vegetation mosaics in order to use plentiful resources as they become available.
In this study we examine the use of a gallery forest in the southern Pantanal Brazil by a diverse parrot community that ranged from Brotogeris chiriri a small species to Ara chloroptera a large one. Plant food resources principally used by parrots were abundantly available during the rainy season fleshy fruits, the annual floods fleshy fruits, and the dry season flowers. While both smaller and larger species foraged on fruits, parakeets largely consumed the pulp, while larger parrot species used pulp and seeds.
In the dry season parakeets foraged extensively on nectar, especially Inga vera nectar that was abundantly available during the last two months of the dry season, the harshest period of the year. Among larger parrots, only Propyrrhura auricollis frequently harvested nectar.
Fruits maturing during floods, despite being fish- or water- dispersed were extensively used by the parrots. Hence, unlike what happens in most other Neotropical dry forests, occurrence of a fruiting peak during the annual flooding, which occurs in the transition from the wet to the dry season, constitutes an extra and significant episode of food availability, since in this period, fruit production normally declines. Therefore, the unique and abundant availability of flowers and fruits in this gallery forest may account for the presence of large parrot populations in the southern Pantanal.
Extensive consumption of Tabebuia aurea Manso Benth. Bignoniaceae nectar by parrots in a tecoma savanna in the southern Pantanal Brazil. Neotropical parrots forage for various food items such as seeds, fruit pulp, flowers, young leaves, and even arthropods. While foraging, many species wander over large areas that include both open and closed habitats. In this study, I examined parrot foraging activity during a brief synchronous and massive flowering in August in a tecoma savanna dominated by Tabebuia aurea in the southern Pantanal.
Six parrot species, ranging from the small Brotogeris chiriri to the large Amazona aesti