Permanent Ink

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As ink evaporates or drains from the exposed tip, a siphoning effect draws ink from inside the tube out to the tip.

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Permanent marker ink is composed of three elements: The colorant is a pigment or dye that gives ink its specific color. Whether black, blue, red, neon yellow, pink or any other hue, the colorant is what you actually see when you look at a line made by a permanent marker.

The main difference between dyes and pigments is that dyes are water soluble while pigments are generally insoluble in water or non-polar solvents, unless the pigment is ground into very, very fine powder. Because of this property, pigments are usually the preferred colorant for markers, given their resistance to dissolution by humidity or other environmental agents. The solvent is really the key to permanent markers; without this liquid carrier to dissolve and transport ink colorant and ink resin through the sponge via siphoning, markers would not work.

Whereas water is a polar solvent, ink solvents must be non-polar to dissolve colorants and resins, which are non-polar. Originally, manufacturers used xyelene as a solvent but switched in the s to less toxic alcohols like ethanol and isopropanol as children began to use markers for school. Once liquid ink is applied to paper, the solvent automatically evaporates into the air, leaving only the colorant and resin.

A glue-like polymer, ink resin ensures that ink colorant "sticks" to paper once the solvent evaporates. Artists who use ink also usually want their art to stand the test of time. Permanent ink lasts a long time, and that makes it ideal for important documents and works of art. Unlike pencil or erasable ink, permanent ink soaks into the paper it is used on. The pigments and dyes in ink are usually dissolved in water and glycol. When these substances evaporate, the pigments and dyes soak into the paper, leaving a mark that will last a long time, if not forever.

What Does A Permanent Marker Consist Of?

Of course, permanent ink occasionally gets on things — clothes, skin, etc. When this happens, you sometimes can remove the permanent ink with special cleaners. For example, permanent ink often can be removed with high-pressure cleaning, paint-thinning solvents or nail polish remover. Even if these special chemicals don't remove the permanent ink completely, they often reduce its visibility. Over time, the permanent ink may fade away altogether.


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And if you accidentally write on your teacher's whiteboard with a permanent marker? You can usually remove permanent marker from a whiteboard by drawing over it with a dry erase marker. Can you guess what it is? You may be right.

Permanent Ink: leondumoulin.nl

Or you may be left! Ready to get up-close and personal with ink?

As you may already know, ink is great for many different types of fun projects. When you're finished, we'd love to see what you come up with! Email us a picture of your special ink project! Did you know that black ink the nonpermanent kind is actually made up of many different colors? Try out this fun experiment to see which colors make up black ink! Now it is used widely in many industries but earlier it was used in elections to mark the person who already voted to avoid counterfeit voters.

We hope so too, Cool Kid! Thanks so much for sharing that YOU learned something new about permanent ink! I tried it and it didn't work: How do i fix it, Wonderopolis friend?


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We're sorry the video's trick to remove permanent ink from a dry-erase board didn't work for you, Some Person. Maybe you could try it again? We hope it works for you! I never knew you could remove marker from a white board in that way. Thanks for linking up to my ink blot art page! Welcome to Wonderopolis, Julie! We enjoyed reading your blog post and thought that ink blot art would be a fun activity for all Wonder Friends to try!

Have You Ever Wondered...

The videos are so engaging, I wish our school district would allow teachers to access them along with the site. I wonder if other school districts are experiencing the same problem. We're super sorry that you're not able to show the videos along with each day's Wonder. Can you email us hello wonderopolis. Thanks so much for being a friend of Wonderopolis! One time my mom used marker on a white board and could not get it off.

These markers are generally used on hard, non-porous surfaces, because instead of staining they form a surface layer that can be removed by high pressure cleaning or paint thinners and organic solvents such as acetone , xylene , or toluene. Isopropyl alcohol , ethanol and ethyl acetate are preferred cleaners when used indoors, as their fumes are much less hazardous than toluene and xylene, the main components of paint thinner , or longer-chain hydrocarbons found in mineral spirits.

Permanent marker

Other common non-polar solvents include benzene , turpentine and other terpenes which constitute essential oils of many plants with strong scents , most ethers , chloroform and dichloromethane , hydrocarbon fuels, and diacetone alcohol , among many others. Most brands of "OLFA" marker wipe off easily with acetone free nail polish remover , the kind containing ethyl acetate , a relatively non-toxic organic solvent.

Some markers are designed to be long lasting, for instance by having two inks, one specialized to resist solvents, and one specialized not to fade. A permanent marker can also be removed by drawing over it with a dry erase marker on non-porous surfaces such as a whiteboard [3] as dry erase markers also contain a non-polar solvent. Most dry-erase board cleaner solutions also contain effective organic solvents like 2-butoxyethanol to erase the pigment.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For the indelible supernatural marks on the soul held by Catholics to be imprinted by baptism, confirmation, and holy orders, see Sacramental character. Archived from the original on New version of the negative stain.