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- Editorial Reviews
- Becket and Other Plays: Alfred Lord Tennyson: leondumoulin.nl: Books
- Samuel Beckett
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In Tennyson was sent to Louth Grammar School, which he disliked so intensely that from he was educated at home until at the age of 18 he joined his two brothers at Trinity College, Cambrid Alfred Tennyson, invariably known as Alfred Lord Tennyson on all his books, was born in Somersby, Lincolnshire, the fourth of the twelve children of George Tennyson, clergyman, and his wife, Elizabeth. In Tennyson was sent to Louth Grammar School, which he disliked so intensely that from he was educated at home until at the age of 18 he joined his two brothers at Trinity College, Cambridge and with his brother Charles published his first book, Poems by Two Brothers the same year.
His second book, Poems Chiefly Lyrical was published in In , Tennyson's best friend Arthur Henry Hallam, who was engaged to his sister, died, inspiring some of his best work including In Memoriam , Ulysses and the Passing of Arthur.
They had two children, Hallam born in and Lionel, two years later. In , as a great favourite of both Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, he was raised to the peerage and was thereafter known as Baron Tennyson of Aldworth.
Editorial Reviews
He was the first Englishman to be granted such a high rank solely for literary distinction. Tennyson continued to write poetry throughout his life and in the s also wrote a number of plays.
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When asked by Beckett for the motive behind the stabbing at a preliminary hearing, his assailant casually replied "Je ne sais pas, Monsieur": It is also worth noting that Beckett occasionally recounted the incident in jest, and eventually dropped the charges against his attacker- partially to avoid further formalities, but also because he found the pimp to be personally likable and well mannered. During the next two years, on several occasions he was almost caught by the Gestapo.
In August his unit was betrayed by a former Catholic priest. He and Suzanne fled south on foot to the safety of a small village in Roussillon, in the Vaucluse departement in the Provence Alpes Cote d'Azur region, where he was still actively assisting the Resistance by storing armaments in the back yard of his home. Although Samuel Beckett rarely if ever spoke about his wartime activities, during the two years he stayed in Roussillon, he helped the Maquis sabotage the German army in the Vaucluse mountains.
Becket and Other Plays: Alfred Lord Tennyson: leondumoulin.nl: Books
While in hiding, he continued work on the novel Watt , started in , completed in , but not published until For his efforts in fighting the German occupation, he was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the Medaille de la Resistance by the French government. Even to the end of his life, Beckett would refer to his laborious efforts for the French Resistance as "boy scout stuff".
During his stay, he had a revelation in his mother's room in which his entire future literary direction appeared to him. This experience was later fictionalized in the play Krapp's Last Tape In the play, Krapp's revelation is set on the East Pier in Dun Laoghaire during a dark and stormy night.
Some critics have identified Beckett with Krapp to the point of presuming Beckett's own artistic epiphany was at the same location, in the same weather. During the late s and early s, Beckett wrote his best-known novels, the series written in French often referred to, against Beckett's explicit wishes, as "the Trilogy" and later translated into English, mostly by the author: The Unnamable , English translation In these Three Novels , the reader can trace the development of Beckett's mature style and themes.
He would also write all of his later work in French. Although Beckett was a native English speaker, he chose to write in French because, as he claimed, French was a language in which it was easier to write without style. Many argue, however, that he simply abandoned English writing to distance himself from his literary idol, Joyce. Molloy has many of the characteristics of a conventional novel: Indeed, on one level it is a detective novel. In Malone Dies , movement and plot are more or less dispensed with, but there is still some indication of place and the passage of time.
The 'action' of the book takes the form of an interior monologue. Finally, in The Unnamable all sense of place and time have also disappeared. The essential theme seems to be the conflict between the voice's drive to continue speaking so as to continue existing and its almost equally strong urge to find silence and oblivion.
It is tempting to see in this a reflection of Beckett's experience and understanding of what the war had done to the world. Despite the widely-held view that Beckett's work is essentially pessimistic, the will to live seems to win out. Beckett is most renowned for the play En attendant Godot. Beckett worked on the play between October and January , published it in ,and premiered it in ; the English translation appeared two years later. The play was a critical, popular, and controversial success in Paris.
Samuel Beckett
It opened in London in to mainly bad reviews, but the tide turned with positive reactions by Harold Hobson in the Sunday Times and, later, Kenneth Tynan. After this, the play became extremely popular, with highly successful performances in the United States and Germany, and it is still frequently performed today.
As has already been noted, Beckett was now writing mainly in French.