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Reprint of Edition. "The Elements of Style," by William Strunk, is a prescriptive American English writing style guide comprising eight "elementary rules of usage," ten "elementary principles.
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It was inspired by Strunk's grammar classic, follows the same point-by-point format, and presents grammar and style rules in a concise, easy-to-understand manner. The book includes many of Strunk's rules from his original edition, but omits rules considered out-of-date today. Iriwka Gordeeva.


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Arina Koriandr. Ekaterina Beliltseva. Al Dr. By continuing to browse, you consent to our use of cookies. When they do so, however, the reader will usually find in the sentence some compensating merit, attained at the cost of the violation.

The Elements of Style: The Original Edition (Dover Language Guides)

Unless he is certain of doing as well, he will probably do best to follow the rules. After he has learned, by their guidance, to write plain English adequate for everyday uses, let him look, for the secrets of style, to the study of the masters of literature. Exceptions are the possessive of ancient proper names in -es and is, the possessive Jesus', and such forms as for conscience' sake, for righteousness' sake. But such forms as Achilles' heel, Moses' laws, Isis' temple are commonly replaced by.

The pronominal possessives hers, its, theirs, yours, and oneself have no apostrophe. In a series of three or more terms with a single conjunction, use a comma after each term except the last. This rule is difficult to apply; it is frequently hard to decide whether a single word, such as however, or a brief phrase, is or is not parenthetic.

The Elements of Style: The Original Edition (Paperback)

If the interruption to the flow of the sentence is but slight, the writer may safely omit the commas. But whether the interruption be slight or considerable, he must never insert one comma and omit the other. Such punctuation as. If a parenthetic expression is preceded by a conjunction, place the first comma before the conjunction, not after it.

The Elements of Style The Original Edition Dover Language Guides

Always to be regarded as parenthetic and to be enclosed between commas or, at the end of the sentence, between comma and period are the following:. In this sentence the clause introduced by which does not serve to tell which of several possible audiences is meant; what audience is in question is supposed to be already known. The clause adds, parenthetically, a statement supplementing that in the main clause. The sentence is virtually a combination of two statements which might have been made independently:. The candidate who best meets these requirements will obtain the place.

Here the clause introduced by who does serve to tell which of several possible candidates is meant; the sentence cannot be split up into two independent statements.

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Nether Stowey is completely identified by its name; the statement about Coleridge is therefore supplementary and parenthetic. The day spoken of is identified only by the dependent clause, which is therefore restrictive. Similar in principle to the enclosing of parenthetic expressions between commas is the setting off by commas of phrases or dependent clauses preceding or following the main clause of a sentence. Partly by hard fighting, partly by diplomatic skill, they enlarged their dominions to the east, and rose to royal rank with the possession of Sicily, exchanged afterwards for Sardinia.

The early records of the city have disappeared, and the story of its first years can no longer be reconstructed.

Book Summary: “The Elements of Style”, William Strunk Jr.

Sentences of this type, isolated from their context, may seem to be in need of rewriting. As they make complete sense when the comma is reached, the second clause has the appearance of an afterthought. Further, and is the least specific of connectives. Used between independent clauses, it indicates only that a relation exists between them without defining that relation.

The Elements of Style | leondumoulin.nl

In the example above, the relation is that of cause and result. The two sentences might be rewritten:. As the early records of the city have disappeared, the story of its first years can no longer be reconstructed. Owing to the disappearance of the early records of the city, the story of its first years can no longer be reconstructed. But a writer may err by making his sentences too uniformly compact and periodic, and an occasional loose sentence prevents the style from becoming too formal and gives the reader a certain relief.

Consequently, loose sentences of the type first quoted are common in easy, unstudied writing. But a writer should be careful not to construct too many of his sentences after this pattern see Rule Two-part sentences of which the second member is introduced by as in the sense of because , for, or, nor, and while in the sense of and at the same time likewise require a comma before the conjunction. If the second member is introduced by an adverb, a semicolon, not a comma, is required see Rule 5. The connectives so and yet may be used either as adverbs or as conjunctions, accordingly as the second clause is felt to be coordinate or subordinate; consequently either mark of punctuation may be justified.


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  • But these uses of so equivalent to accordingly or to so that are somewhat colloquial and should, as a rule, be avoided in writing. A simple correction, usually serviceable, is to omit the word so and begin the first clause with as or since:. I had never been in the place before; so As I had never been in the place I had difficulty in finding my way about. If a dependent clause, or an introductory phrase requiring to be set off by a comma, precedes the second independent clause, no comma is needed after the conjunction.

    The situation is perilous, but if we are prepared to act promptly, there is still one chance of escape. When the subject is the same for both clauses and is expressed only once, a comma is required if the connective is but. If the connective is and, the comma should be omitted if the relation between the two statements is close or immediate.