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Table of contents
- New historic walk to Yorkshire 'saint' in Harrogate district
- The Crusades
- Peter the Hermit - Wikipedia
- The Gnostic Science of Alchemy Chapter Eleven
Thh study of the Foreground of the Crusades exhibits the preparation for the man who was to be the great leader and, one might say, originator Preparation of these astonishing movements. The leadership here claimed for Peter is chal- lenged, it is only fair to say, by Von Sybil whose views are, in the main, accepted by Hagenmeyer. Von Sybil gives credit to the Pope alone for in- spiration and direction. It seems more probable, however, that the Pope utilized and magnified the enthusiasm and influence of Peter; and directed it into channels more likely to permit the movement of the Roman Church Eastward and the growth of Pontifical supremacy.
This is the view con- tained in these pages. We know where Peter came from. Born in Picardy, the historians are not agreed whether of 25 26 Peter the Hermit. The weight of opinion favors his descent from humble parents. All are agreed that he was of very ordinary ap- pearance ; one says "ignoble and vulgar. If a Picard, then a Frank, and if a Frank, then a fighter, and very ready to fight for religion. His nationality, therefore, gave him access by speech to a most rest- less, gallant, and adventurous people. Born with courage, moral intensity, restlessness, and activity, he experimented for satisfaction in every direction.
It seems that neither celibacy nor marriage, study nor warfare, long attracted him. Life Fasting did for him what it seems to do for all when excess is reached either by self-will or neces- The: Man and His Message:. He became truly a "visionary. In this stage a man becomes capable of great things in a poor cause.
New historic walk to Yorkshire 'saint' in Harrogate district
No great movement, however wrong in doctrine, defective in morals, or disastrous in results, has been without such leadership. Like all orators of the Latin race, his fervor showed itself, not only in his tones, but in his ges- ticulation and his postures. He was a master of pantomime. If any were beyond his voice, they were not beyond his meaning. If he had lived in our time he would have been counted among the Generosity most "magnetic" of preachers.
He kept nothing for himself. All went to the poor, and evil women were dowried by him that they might cease from evil in honorable marriage. Peter was not stirred alone by the relations of returning pilgrims as to the ignominies heaped alike on the sacred places and on the religious by the Turks.
He followed in the wake of the devotees who traversed the long road to the Holy City. Peter actually made this journey is sufficiently at- tested by his contemporary, Anna Conmena. She probably met him while tarrying in Constantinople, and could easily know of his presence at the palace of her father, Alexius. From her we learn that he had to flee before the Turks and Saracens, and her narration makes it doubtful if he reached Jeru- salem on his first attempt.
By so much as he was more enthusiastic than others by nature, by so much was he fired with indignation, which to him was but the just expression of his zeal and his piety. He stood with agony on Calvary. He adored wnth tears the tomb of Christ. Then he sought E? Simeon had suffered much for his faith as well as for his leadership.
And Simeon answered : "Is it not evi- dent that our sins have shut us away from the mercy of the Lord? The patriarch pledged himself to appeal to Europe by letter and Peter by word of mouth. The plan of Peter was strengthened by his fur- ther devotions at the Holy Sepulcher. There are two ways in which men of strong will become sure that their will is the will of God. One is to make a plan, and then submit it to God in prayer. The other, and the truer, is to ask God's help in the making of the plan as in its execution. The first, as was probable from Peter's intellectual and moral constitution, seems to have been the way Peter's in which he came to certainty as to his life mission.
At the Sepulcher he thought he heard the voice of Christ commanding him to proclaim the sorrows of Christ's land and of Christ's people. The best ac- 30 Pester the; He:rmit. Go back quickly into the West. Betake thyself to Pope Urban with this commission from Mq that he get all My brothers as quickly as possible to hasten to Jeru- salem, in order to purge the city of unbelievers.
All who do this from love to Me, to them stand open the doors of the kingdom of heaven. Bearing letters from Simeon, he went to Italy by sea, and sought the presence and aid of Urban II, then pope. Pope Urban felt that this call, recognized by his pred- Urban ecessors, was more fully and loudly given to him. The refusal of Hagenmeyer to credit this vision and its influence on Pope Urban seems to be the result of an ultra critical spirit.
Plolding that all men are properly servants of the Holy See, he speaks as if he was the original source of knowledge and impulse.
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But he followed Peter on that occasion, and it may well be that if Peter mentioned his vision as the inspiration of his mis- sion, the pope would not speak of its influence on himself. The Roman pontiffs, whatever their own ability or lack of it, have always been distinguished for the wise use of enthusiasm. If not able to make the wise direction of it themselves, some one of the Curia has always been at their service to value the force and direct it into channels of wider influence for the Church.
There can be little doubt that Urban was moved by a true and generous feeling. But there can be as little doubt that, as the pro- posed movement must inevitably aggrandize Roman Catholicity and make her the leader of the Chris- tian world.
Urban was happier and stronger by the coincidence and collaboration of both forces. There was a rival pope, and there were sovereigns who Mixed were his enemies. The pope gave Peter his commission and sent him forth with his blessing. Mounting a mule, which soon attained in the thought of the people something of its master's sanctity, he passed through Italy, crossed the Alps, was in every part of France, and stirred the larger part of Europe.
He kept himself free from monkish evils in habits and conduct, and as he preached the loftiest moral- ity by word as by life, the people honored holiness in him. Like all who have been great reformers, he was indifferent as to where he preached so that he could get a hearing. He knew how to use apostrophes and personifications, and made the holy places themselves clamor for help. His favorite prophecy was "Jerusalem shall be destroyed till the time of the heathen shall be fulfilled.
The news of such preaching and of such scenes travels fast and far. Wherever the Hermit went he was received as a saint, and if the people could not obtain a thread of his garment they contented themselves with a hair from the tail of his mule!
The Crusades
His discourses were re- peated by those who heard to those who did not. When Peter found those who had been in Palestine, or confessed to have been there, he used them as Hving examples, and made their rags speak of the barbarities they had suffered, ot claimed to have suffered, at Turkish hands. Additional strength was given to the cry for re- lief from Palestine by the perils of Constantinople.
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Constan- This city, under nominally Christian emperors, had. Alexius Com- in Peril nena threatened by the same warriors who had sub- jected the Holy City, offered his sacred treasures and his secular riches to the leaders who would rescue his capital. The poor esteem in which the haughty but, when in danger, servile Greek held the Franks, as to everything but warlike power, is indicated by his promising the Frank warriors the beauty of the Greek women. As if these war- riors were of the same tastes as the Turks!
Peter the Hermit - Wikipedia
To pass under the Mussulman yoke was infinitely more degrading than to hand his scepter to the Latins. Urban now found it a suitable time to attempt to concentrate opinion and prepare for action by sum- Urban Con- moning a Council at Plaisance. The tone of the Eastern emperors had long been so haughty that the presence of their ambassadors at a Latin Council was a sufficient proof of their Ambassa- humiliation. It seems prob- able that the astute pope passed the word that no conclusion should be formulated, as he was not yet ready to indicate all that was in his mind.
It may well be that the danger to Constantinople was not yet so evident to Alexius and to all as to indicate the hour for absolute submission to the Roman au- thority.
The Gnostic Science of Alchemy Chapter Eleven
It is more probable, however, that Urban could not yet command Italian aid and unity. Commerce had so developed that religion, where it interfered Italy not with it, could not command undivided allegiance. So the second Council met at Clermont in Auvergne, and was equally weighty in the numbers attending 36 Pkter the: Hermit.