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Table of contents
- Proper Preparation
- Martial Arts Injuries- Causes, Treatment, & Prevention - BodyCentral PT
- How to Prevent an Achilles Injury
Although athletes on more advanced levels were more affected by orofacial injuries in the present study, the injuries were not very serious. Most were lacerations of the oral mucosa and skin abrasions, which are injuries for which the use of a mouthguard would not have had an effect. However, previous studies have demonstrated that amateur athletes are more prone to orofacial injuries than professional athletes 13 , Kreiswirth et al. According to Zeraruk et al. The present findings are in agreement with this observation, as older athletes have more experience and have reached a higher technical level.
Rainey 17 found that professional athletes of mixed martial arts had significantly more injuries threefold higher injury rate than amateur athletes. Some hypotheses could be raised in this study. The first is that, although more advanced athletes had mouthguards, they neglected to use these oral appliances due to difficulty breathing and discomfort, especially during training sessions. Another hypothesis is that no athletes had a personalised type III mouthguard, which is the most adequate for the prevention of oral trauma 9 , 18 , or that the most prevalent injuries were not related to the use of a mouthguard, as tooth fracture was only the third most frequent injury in the present investigation.
With regard to the prevalence of tooth fractures, the majority of the present sample The justifications of the athletes for not having a mouthguard were a lack of interest, a lack of awareness regarding the existence of this oral appliance and the cost involved. The use of a mouthguard is considered the most effective protection against injuries to oral structures in different sport modalities However, its use in Brazil is only mandatory for boxing Among the few athletes who had a mouthguard in the present study However, this type of mouthguard is not the most recommended, as it does not remain in position during impact and does not adequately provide the redistribution of impact forces The desired characteristics are found in a personalised type III mouthguard, which is produced with the assistance of a dentist based on the individual anatomy of each athlete 12 , Moreover, a personalised mouthguard offers greater comfort, protection against traumatic dental injuries, better breathing and better adaptation and causes less nausea 23 , This was evidenced in the present investigation, as no participants possessed such a mouthguard.
The head and neck injuries that most affected the athletes in the present study were soft tissue injuries laceration of the oral mucosa and abrasion of facial skin and tooth fractures. These prevalent injuries were reported during the patient history and observed during the physical examination. Such findings are in agreement with data described by Vidovic-Stesevic 24 , who conducted a study involving practitioners of karate, which is another contact sport.
Vidovic-Stesevic 24 and Dursun et al. Although a mouthguard is not mandatory during the practice of contact sports in Brazil, its use is important to the prevention of more serious injuries. Thus, the intervention of dentists is necessary for the the prevention and treatment of different orofacial injuries caused by the practice of Brazilian jiu-jitsu and other contact sports. In conclusion, the practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu evaluated in the present study were predominantly young males on the beginner and intermediate levels of the sport.
The majority participated in competitions.
Proper Preparation
Athletes with more experience had a higher frequency of orofacial injuries, such as lacerations to the oral mucosa and abrasions to the facial skin, which mainly occurred during training sessions. Significant associations were found between the prevalence of orofacial injuries and a higher technical level as well as the use of a mouthguard and a higher technical level.
Most athletes did not wear a mouthguard and those who had this equipment mainly used a prefabricated type II one, although this type does not offer adequate protection. The use of a mouthguard was largely neglected due to factors such as difficulty breathing, discomfort and the loss of agility among both beginners and more experienced athletes. Despite its need, the use of a mouthguard is not mandatory in the practice of jiu-jitsu in Brazil.
All methods were performed in accordance with the guidelines and Brazilian regulations. The main outcome measure of interest of this study was the history of orofacial injury due some trauma occurred during sports practice, reported by the athlete. The sample consisted of all athletes of both genders older than 16 years of age, practicing the sport for at least six months with a training frequency of four times per month for at least one hour of daily practice.
Athletes younger than 18 years required a statement of informed consent signed by a parent or guardian. Adults who agreed to participate of this research also signed the informed consent. Among a total of athletes enrolled in the academies, A structured questionnaire was administered and a physical examination was performed in a reserved room under natural light for the evaluation of the stomatognathic system with the aim of diagnosing injuries stemming from the sport.
The athletes were categorised based on level: beginner white, yellow and orange belts , intermediate blue belt and advanced purple, brown and black belts. The use of a mouthguard was recorded. To aid in the diagnosis of centric bruxism clenching the teeth , physical examination was performed for detection of an increment of the linea alba along the buccal mucosa and teeth marks on the edges of the tongue. Enamel fractures in the cervical region and broken teeth were investigated. The masseter muscle was palpated to determine the occurrence of muscle pain.
Linden, M. Aranda, L. Lesiones deportivas: un estudio con luchadores de jiu-jitsu. EFD Deports. Biagi, R. Sports-relates dental injuries: Knowledge of first aid and mouthguard use in a sample of Italian children and youngsters. Eur J Paediatr Dent. Shirani, G. Prevalence and patterns of combat sport related maxillofacial injuries. J Emerg Trauma Shock.
Tulunoglu, I. Oral trauma, mouthguard awareness, and use in two contact sports in Turkey. Dent Traumatol. Kumamoto, D. A literature review of sports-related orofacial trauma. Gen Dent. Glassman, M. The first line of defense. State Dent J. Barron, M.
Martial Arts Injuries- Causes, Treatment, & Prevention - BodyCentral PT
Fundamentals of injury prevention in youth sports. J Pediat Dent Care 11 , 10—22 Book of Rules: General Rules for Competitions ed. Vidocic, D. Prevalence and prevention of dental infuries in young taekwondo athletes in Croatia. McPherson, M.
Characteristics of martial art injuries in a defined Canadian population: a descriptive epidemiological study. BMC Public Health. Levin, L.
How to Prevent an Achilles Injury
Bonotto, D. Professional Karate-do and mixed fighters present with a high prevalence of temporomandibular disorders. Glendor, U. A etiology and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries: a review of the literature. Kreiswirth, E. J Athl Train. Zeraruk, M. Injuries in martial arts: a comparison of five styles. Br J Sports Med. Rainey, C. Determining the prevalence and assessing the severity of injuries in mixed martial arts athletes. Cetin, C. Influence of custom-made mouth guards on strength, speed, and anaerobic performance of taekwondo athletes. Dental and oral trauma and mouthguard use during sport activities in Israel.
Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. J Am Dent Assoc. Correa, M. Survey on the occurrence of dental trauma and preventive strategies among Brazilian professional soccer players. J Appl Oral Sci.
Gay-Escoda, C. Tai Chi and Qi Gong. Martial arts-inspired systems of movement that increase balance and strength. Classes for seniors are often available at local YMCA or community centers. Get medical clearance from your doctor before starting an exercise program, especially if you have a preexisting condition.
Ask if there are any activities you should avoid. Consider health concerns. Keep in mind how your ongoing health problems affect your workouts. For example, diabetics may need to adjust the timing of medication and meal plans when setting an exercise schedule. Listen to your body.