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Table of contents

• Plastic Pollution Facts, Figures & Statistics
• Plastic taints most bottled water, study finds
• Fiji Water Bottle iPhone Case
• The Bottled Ocean of Biology By Nisarg Desai - Buy Online - Justdial Book Store

Polystyrene beads and plastic pellets are not easily digested so tend to accumulate in the digestive tract of marine animals who consume them. This can result in the animal feeling full, causing it to stop feeding, leading to emaciation and ultimately death from starvation, or it can cause an intestinal blockage that can also be fatal. When a predator feeds on a fish that has a gut full of undigested polystyrene or plastic, this is passed on to the predator who in most cases will also have problems digesting it.

Microfibres from clothing and textiles are another key source of microplastics in our oceans.

Plastic Pollution Facts, Figures & Statistics

When we wash our clothes, fibres are shed into the washing water. Due to their minute size, these fibres pass through wastewater treatment plants and end up in the ocean. Microfibres have been found in many different ecosystems, including freshwater systems, ocean waters, ocean sediments, and beaches around the world, indicating it is a worldwide problem that is possibly growing. The below photo shows all of the pieces of plastic that were removed from the stomach of a single north fulmar, a seabird, during a necropsy at the National Wildlife Health Lab. How does this happen?

There are no paved roads to the beach.

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Photo Credit: Cesar Harada. Furthermore, plastics and polystyrene are made up of toxic chemicals, including petroleum, which may be released as the gastric juices try to digest it, and are absorbed into the body tissue. These toxins also leach into the water column as plastics break down, contaminating filter feeding organisms who ingest the water while feeding.

Plastics are known to accumulate persistent organic pollutants POPs , including Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs and DDT that are known to disrupt the endocrine system and affect development, at concentrations of a hundred thousand to a million times greater than naturally found in seawater. These contaminants are stored in the body fat and organs of animals and are passed on to predators that feed on them, becoming more concentrated in the tissues of organisms higher up the food chain. Long living top predators continue to accumulate more and more toxins in their systems over time.

Studies have revealed that marine top predators, such as killer whales and polar bears, are amongst the most contaminated animals on Earth.

We need to tackle the problem of marine debris head on. Man is a top predator that feeds on a variety of ocean fish, shellfish, and other marine species. We face the same risks as the killer whale and polar bear. While any plastic or polystyrene pellets that may have been clogging the gut of the fish that is nicely presented on our dinner plate have been long removed, the toxic contaminants originating from that debris remain stored in the flesh we are about to eat.

Food for thought indeed. We can start by changing our own habits. Reducing your use of single-use plastics will reduce the demand. Avoid purchasing items wrapped in plastic, and using reusable produce bags, is a quick win to change what you buy in your grocery shop. Think of ways to upcycle old items rather than discarding them or buying new ones. Supporting charities that are addressing Plastic Pollution see the list at the end of this article , and signing petitions for bans, will increase your impact for the cause. Wearing clothing made from natural non-synthetic materials, such as organic cotton, silk, Yulex Pure and linen will prevent plastic microfibres making their way into the ocean, and our food chain.

Avoid bottled water. Buy a decent water filter and a reusable stainless steel bottle or a glass bottle; There are collapsable options for the city dwellers. Keep reusable shopping bags with you: in your car, work bag, jacket pocket, and next to your front door. If you spend time enjoying the beach and the ocean, pay mother nature a thank you. Stop eating on the go.

Slow down and take time to enjoy your food: eat in or take a lunchbox. Reduce your use of disposable cutlery, plates and packaging and recycle where possible. Americans use million drinking straws every day. Now imagine how that translates to the rest of the world. If you really love straws, carry a stainless steel one in your bag. We all love our coffee and tea, but it really takes its toll on our environment.

Carry a reusable coffee cup with you. There are plenty of options available, from bamboo to collapsable silicone cups to glass cups.

To combat this, companies such as Rockwell Razors and Bambaw offer long-term sustainable razors that only need the blades to be replaced once they are no longer of use and can be easily recycled! Similar to disposable razors, most deodorant packaging falls under the non-recycable category, adding more to landfills and hightening the risk of soil pollution. A variety of DIY deodorant recipes are avaliable online which tackle more sustainable ways to stop your sweat and its smell. A favourite of ours is here. Lasting longer and without packaging, Shampoo Bars are the sustainable alternative to your conventional shampoo found in plastic bottles.

Reducing your egological footprint, and retaining your hairs natural oils, switching to a shampoo bar can be an easy way to cut down on plastic and benefit your lucious locks in the long term. Handles made entirely out of bamboo can be disposed of with the knowledge that they are entirely bio-degradable and will not cause harm to local environments or wildlife. Over 1. It is unfortunately difficult to recycle, and will take hundreds of years to break down with the risk of chemicals released sinking into the groundwater supply.

Luckily, there are a variety of eco-friendly options to switch to. Most local bakeries, supermarkets and farmers markets have sections of freshly baked goods that are not in plastic packaging, giving you the opportunity to bring your own bags for the baked goods and cut-down on single-use plastic. Because it is so tough and durable, plastic can be reused or it can be recycled.

Fiji Water Bottle iPhone Case

This creative approach provides a sustainable resource — there is plenty of plastic in the sea — while at the same time tackles the humungous problem of ocean plastics by putting this practically unlimited resource to good use. Philanthropist, environmental advocate, and entrepreneur, Richard Branson , has proposed that we implement a deposit refund system for plastic bottles.

Offering an incentive for users to return plastic bottles for recycling makes absolute sense, especially these are one of the most prolific items found on beaches around the world. While reducing or eliminating plastic packaging may help to stem the flow of plastics at the source, we still need to take steps to prevent plastic that is already in the environment from flowing into the ocean, and to clean up the vast amount of plastic littering beaches around the world, as well as the plastic currently swirling around ocean gyres.

Every year, Ocean Conservancy coordinates the International Coastal Cleanup in collaboration with environmental organisations, schools and other community initiatives around the world, encouraging volunteers to take part in local beach cleanups to rid the environment of trash. This can be stepped up at a local level, where individuals, communities and organisations can get more actively involved in cleaning up their local beaches to help keep them free of plastic and other debris.

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Together, these initiatives are building a community movement towards holding the public accountable for how trashed our beaches become. While these are all indeed innovative and creative solutions to an ever growing problem, they will in all likelihood not be enough to stem the tide of plastic entering and swirling around our oceans. Nor do they address the problem of microplastics and tiny plastic microbeads that are now having a large impact.

A committed multi-pronged approach is urgently needed. We need to take action now. Once we are aware of the consequences, we can change our habits. We encourage you to to take action and get involved with spreading the word and getting involved. Visit their websites to see how you can get involved..

Or just simply donate. Sign up for our newsletter to be the first to receive future articles on plastic pollution, and share this article:. Marine debris : Sources, distribution and fate of plastic and other refuse — and its impact on ocean and coastal wildlife.

Weber, and Francois Meyer. Moore, C. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42, Ocean Conservancy. International Coastal Cleanup Report. Allee effect in polar bears: a potential consequence of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination. B ; 30 November ; DOI: UNEP Marine plastic debris and microplastics — Global lessons and research to inspire action and guide policy change. Van Franeker, J.