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Table of contents

The purpose of mentioning the wall being built and the people going up the wall to demonstrate that the past still has an active role in the present 13 ppreciate the old wall without the same sadness Wang Wei maintains about the past, therefore serving to comfort Pei Di with the wall, the third line seems rather contradictory without the understanding of his position of the old wall qualities However, this can be understood as an assertion that all time is in a way merged as one, which may be his way of nudging Wang Wei to live in peace without dwelling on the past.

Overall, this poem is the first of s everal that seem to be comforting Wang Wei with a youthful, maybe even e deeper meanings are lost. The time debate continues in the second set of poems from the Wangchuan ji Ri Pei Di wrote 2. The setting sun, pine trees blow in the wind Returning home, grass is covered in dew 13 Wangchuan ji 60 PAGE 9 9 Immediately, the reader gathers a sense of closeness to nature: light touches the speaker of the and the natural forestry, symbolized by the emerald color, touches their clothes.

The first two lines portray the ending of a day, but the significance of these lines is illuminated by leave endlessly. On continuous mountains autumn colors return.

Jeff VanderMeer

Up and down Huazi Hill: Melancholy still feels lost in time and it weighs o may comfort Wang Wei by providing a definitive time the end of the day in which a person can simply feel at peace and comfort with nature. As the story between the two poets continues, Wang Wei seems to embrace the closeness to Wang Wei respond ed with the third Fragrant reed woven for a roof.

I do not know if clouds within the rafters PAGE 10 10 Wang Wei describes this elegant lodge from up close, which includes a description of the plants that were used to construct the beams and the roof. This elegant lodge posses ses a spiritual Buddhist essence that transcends worldly desires, and that essence is to which Wang Wei refers, wondering whether it will reach all the worldly men outside of the walls of this lodge.

The Annotated Three Pines – A Trick of the Light

Far in the distance is the elegant apricot lodge, I have ascended daily already many a time The mountain ridge in the south and the lake to the north I see them ahead and once again turn to look back which is more distant someone who frequents the lodge, but is currently looking at it from the outside, whereas Wang st, therefore, the reader understands details about the distant lodge that were lacking in Pei Di The third line depicts the natural beauty of a mountain range and a lake, and the narrator sa ys in the final line that he looks at those beau tiful scenes in front of him, but still turns o the lodge.

Moreover, the lodge is so extraordi nary that the speaker wanted to look towards it instead of the beauty of the mountain and lake However, Pei Di does not describe in his poem the spiritual transcendence that the lodge represents. By first re away from a mundane life towards an enlightened one. PAGE 11 11 will be presented together, Azure green, billowing, flowing waves. Secret ly enter the Shang mountain road: 4.

The clear creek flowing both crooked and straight; The green bamboo is both dense and pro found. On a path traversing the mountain road, Writing verse, I look out to the old mound. There are underlying literary features of these poems that contribute to their brilliance but can only be observed together Parallelism is an important feature in Chinese literature, especially poetry, and Pei Di matched Wang W writing the opposite of Wang Wei.

For example, Wang Wei begins by describing the tall, dense bamboo in the first line and the waves of the riverbend in the s econd, while Pei Di presents those scenes in the opposite order. Additionally, Pei Di enters the mountain writing verse. This comes from the phrase xing ge in the poem, which represents a genre of poetry gexing that flourished in the Tang Dynasty, described by Tianwei Xue and Quan Wang as any 14 The character ge means song, so this act of writing verse can be visualize d as cheerful and 14 Tianwei Xue and Quan Wang Gexing p.

In fact, Pei Di likely chose to introduce the scenes of the bamboo and the riverbend in the first two lines in the opposit e order to emphas ize their opposing personalities As with the first two poems, Pei Di seems to have a more youthful perspective on life. Where W ang Wei feels cautious and the need to be careful, possibly to avoid being disturbed in his pursuit of solitud e with nature, Pei Di displays this impenetrable connectedness with nature, one that does not require stealth because he believes it cannot be bro ken.

His familiarity with nature can be s used for the rhythmic flow of the translation, but it refers to an old, familiar acquaintance confidence in his bond with nature is an other way to comfort Wang Wei, telling him he does not have to be so worried, and this response could not be u nderstood without first understanding to what he is responding. While it is most often assumed that Wang Wei presented his quatrain and Pei Di followed, 15 there is no evidence to firmly support this, and the fifth poem of the Wangchuan ji Enclo presented below.

As the sun sets, the mountain appears cold And the man becomes a lonesome traveler He does not know the deep forest's affairs, y remainder. Wang Wei begins his quatrain describing the solitude on the mountain as well, but This appears to be a comforting reply to Pei and connect him back to nature. However, Wang poem is still important for understanding the complete picture of the scene because it provides the Di, feeling unattached to the nature and req uiring the comforting from Wang Wei, the expected relationship Flying birds follow companions ahead.

Brilliant blue green at times distinct and clear; PAGE 14 14 6. Greyness comes with the setting of the sun, Going along the stream's edge, the path meanders on deep When will my fondness of solitude eventually cease? However, Wang Wei describes the blue green nature in the third line are also time s of doubt.

This doubt was obs erved before, such as when he questioned fleeting time and the existence of a clear past, present, and future in the first two poems, or when he questioned his ability to remain close to the pureness of nature, requiring him to go into seclusion in the mou ntains in silence poem 4. Furthermore, the mist here mundane desires. Before he said he did not know where the rain would go, a nd now he says the mist has n owhere to go. This shows that he is occupied with, and possibly worried about, the thought that others are all occupied with their worldly ambitions.

Contrarily Pei Di and his youthful, optimistic view comforts Wang Wei with h is final li n e joy of being alone with nature, isolated from the world of politics and ambition. When read out of context, the line is taken literally; Pei Di sim ply finds such bliss with nat ure that he wonders if it is eternal. However, the contrast between the worrisome final lines of PAGE 15 15 blissful final lines of his poem serve to remind Wang Wei that he can enjoy endless transcendence and peacef ul solitude without having to worry about it reaching others Pei Di here seems more content with what he has, and Wang Wei feels less satisfied knowing mundane desires are still present among men.


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The literary depth between these two poems is also noteworthy. Not only is parallelism present within each individual poem, but it is present between the two, as both authors start by describing the evening sky follow with a dep iction of birds. However, Pei Di added an additional layer of water to the scene, mixing without viewing the corresponding poem next to it.

The main theme observ ed in the first six poems of the Wangchuan ji is spiritual transcendence from worldly thoughts and doubt about fleeting time. Daniel Hsieh claims t he seventh poem of the introduce s a second major theme of friendship that i s present in several remainin g parts of this work 16 And then, like flowers, blossom once again.

In the mountains, if guests are to stay, 16 PAGE 16 16 7. The scent of peppers and Osmanthus blown about Among the rosewood and goldenr ain, leaves spread out Although the clouds reflect the sun, its rays still shine Yet, submerged in the forest the air becomes cool Wang Wei describes in his poem flowers blooming once again, symbolic of a close companion returning after a long period of isolation. He describes a scene in which he is in the mountains enjoying wine with a good friend. This serves as an invitation to a friend bec Hsieh argued that the friend is likely not Pei Di, as Pei Di did not add ress this invitation in his own poem.

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He showed that he is feeling lonely, which doe s not explicitly accept this invitation, but it at least expresses the desire to. For example, t rating dear Di ends describing cold air, which is also a symbol of loneliness. Therefore, his poem is describing the physical absence of his companion which he would want to remedy by accepting the invitation request the imagery in Pei Di surface level poetry without this deeper message of yearning.

The theme of friendship persists in both pers : 17 PAGE 17 17 o phoras; In secluded sh adows, green moss is thick.

Mauna Kea Shadow (annotated)

But the gatekeeper sweeps it in welcome 8. In front of the gate the so phora path Towards Lake Yi, this is the way Autumn has come and the mountain rains more Fallen leaves but no one t o sweep them away Both poets describe a path lined by sophoras trees, commonly referred to as scholar trees, the path is deserted, the mountain is raining he avily, and there is no one present to sweep away leaves. This can misleadingly guide the reader to believing the poem is about a deserted site, such quatrain dema nds a revised explan ation because it is now clear that the site is not completely deserted.

The seclusion of the sophora trees and the gatekeeper waiting for a friend the monk to come show loneliness, but someone is there hoping for company As such, lig ht is shed on Pei Di half, in which it is not the site itself that is deserted, but the person who is eagerly wanting a friend. Interestingly, the optimistic comforting messages Pei Di was relaying in his early poetry is not obvious in the seventh or ei ghth poem, and Wang Wei appears to have a happier tone than Pei Di quatrain PAGE 18 18 9.

At the balcony, the expansive water ripples so; The solitary moon wanders back and forth, to and fro. From the mouth of the valley, the sound of the gibbon's cry, Carried by the wind, enters my door to come where I lie. Pei Di could have been so distracted by his c onnection to nature and transcendence of the mundane world that he became buried in his solitude Once he was reminded of his friendship with Wang Wei, his loneliness became sad rath er than peaceful.

For example, the rippling waters passing by, the moon, a all hallmarks for loneliness. It is understood from this symbolism the sorrowful isolation entwined in this poem, but for whom does Pei Di write this? Wang We Far and distant, coming across the lake.


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  4. On the porch, each with goblets of wine: On all four poem on the surface appears very content; in fact, Hsieh argues that this is the pinnacle of the Wangchuan ji 18 The imagery of drinking wine with an honored guest and blossoming lotuses is picturesque. Consider ing the 18 the Struct PAGE 19 19 friendship between these two poets and that the Wangchuan ji was a collective project, it seems unlikely, however, that Wang Wei would be in such a bliss when Pei Di is deep in his disturbing solitude.

    It is possibl e that this poem actually describ es a dream of what Wang Wei wishes could of a beautiful friendship passing time together motivations in his poem; he was, as in the previous poems, yearning for his dear friend Wang Wei Wangchuan ji 19 optimis m. A light skiff leaves for Southern Hillock. To Northern Hillock, wide waters are hard to cross. Far and distant, we do not know each other. The lonely boat is indeed tranquil at rest At Nan Cha, the lake 's waters crash to the shore T he sun falls behind the Yan Zi mountain Clear waves vanish into the boundless sea Wang Wei ponders large physical barriers s Much li ke the earlier poems, h e seems to be troubled by this distance and isolation.

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    PAGE 20 20 than a solitude that long s for friendship. He does write about a lonely boat, bu t it is accompanied the second line, the waters crash onto the shore, showing the connection between worldliness the shore and spirituality the free flo wing waters. The third line shows this boundless time as the sun sets, bringing the next day in the continuum of time. While the boundlessness theme is clear in this poem standing alone, the depth of the message, who it is to and why, is absent less troubled by physical dist However, we still find Pei Di unsatisfied distant shore.

    On the lake with one turn of the head: M 20 Yan Zi mountain refers to m odern day Qishou mountain, which is believed to be the mountain behind which the sun sets. PAGE 21 21 While Wang Wei discusses bidding a friend farewell and crossing a distant shore, he seems more at peace with it, symbolized by the blowing of flutes while c rossing the shore. Furthermore, Wang abou t the continuum of time and connection between everything, including friends, people, and nature.

    However, Wang Wei still ho lds onto his regretful disposition. The mountain green represents land and worldliness and white clouds are spirituality and perfect but the clouds are very distant. As Chou said, the distance between where Wang Wei is now and where he wants to be, just l ike the perfect clouds, is very great. Finally, his whistling on the an chored boat is not just peacefulness. It is him taking time to enjoy the memories or what he had with his friend instead of yearning for the moments, or the clouds, that are now out of reach.

    Book 1 Chapter 3

    PAGE 22 22 demonstrated shortly. The willows share the same hue as their reflection, Gradually blown around like delicate silk. Having just obtained this place forming great shade, How can this surrender to Master Tao's time? Willow trees are commonly used for sym bolism in farewells.