Guide Passover

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Nov 9, - Passover, or Pesach in Hebrew, is one of the Jewish religion’s most sacred and widely observed holidays. Passover commemorates the story of the Israelites’ departure from ancient Egypt, which appears in the Hebrew Bible’s books of Exodus, Numbers and Deuteronomy, among other.
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According to tradition, this is because the Hebrews fled Egypt in such haste that there was no time for their bread to rise, or perhaps because matzo was lighter and easier to carry through the desert than regular bread. On the first two nights of Passover, families and friends gather for a religious feast known as a seder. For example, vegetables are dipped into salt water representing the tears Jews shed during their time as slaves, and bitter herbs usually horseradish symbolizing the unpleasant years of their bondage are eaten.

The Miracle of the Red Sea in Our Lives

A seder plate at the center of the table contains Passover foods with particular significance to the exodus story, including matzo, bitter herbs, a lamb shankbone and a mixture of fruit, nuts and wine known as charoset , which represents the mortar Jews used while bonding bricks as slaves in Egypt.

Other typical menu items include matzo kugel a pudding made from matzo and apples , poached fish patties called gefilte fish and chicken soup with matzo balls. Children play an important role in the seder and are expected to take part in many of its customs. At one point during the meal, the youngest child present recites the four questions, which ask what distinguishes this special night from all other nights. In many households, young people also enjoy participating in the traditional hunt for the afikomen , a piece of matzo that is hidden early in the evening. The finder is rewarded with a prize or money.

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What Is Passover and How Is It Celebrated?

This year, Passover will start on April 19, The story goes like this, according to the Old Testament: After generations of backbreaking labor and unbearable horrors at the hands of the Egyptian people, God saw the Israelites' distress. But despite numerous warnings, Pharaoh refused to heed God's command.


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God then sent upon Egypt ten devastating plagues, afflicting them and destroying everything from their livestock to their crops. At the stroke of midnight of the 15th day of Nisan, God sent the last of the 10 plagues to the Egyptians, killing their firstborn. However, he spared the Children of Israel, "passing over" their homes hence the name of the holiday.

Pharaoh's resistance was broken, and he virtually chased his former slaves out of the land. Led by Moses, an estimated , men, plus many more women and children, began the trek to Mount Sinai. Seven days later, the Red Sea parted and they left Egypt.

Orthodox Jews living outside Israel celebrate an extra day due to the doubt as to which day is actually the start of the holiday. Traditionally, that decision was made at the Temple of Jerusalem, and the news had to travel far to reach them. Reform Jews and Jews living in Israel do not celebrate the extra day.

Unleavened bread is made without yeast or sourdough culture. It is a simple, unfermented bread made with flour, water, and salt and then thoroughly rolled into flattened dough. During Passover, Jews eat cracker-like unleavened bread called matzah. According to the Passover story, the Israelites left Egypt in such a hurry that the bread they baked as provisions for the way did not have time to rise.

Passover - Festival of Liberation

To commemorate the unleavened bread that the Israelites ate when they left Egypt, observant Jews don't eat or even retain in their possession any leavened grain or chametz from midday of the day before Passover until the conclusion of the holiday. They rid their homes of any food or drink that contains even a trace of wheat, barley, rye, oats, spelt or their derivatives, and which wasn't guarded from leavening or fermentation.

This includes bread, cake, cookies, cereal, pasta and most alcoholic beverages. Moreover, almost any processed food or drink can be assumed to be chametz unless certified otherwise.

Passover (Pesach) 101

Traditionally, Jews do a formal search for remaining chametz after nightfall two evenings before Passover. A blessing is read, the lights are turned off, and, by candlelight, one or more members of the household proceed from room to room to check that no crumbs remain in any corner. This search, known as bedikat chametz, is described in Pesachim, a tractate of Passover laws in the collection of Jewish oral traditions known as the Mishnah.