I Am Strong: An Uncommon Correspondence

Being the Correspondence with Her Friends, Between the Years and John Her sense was strong and masculine ; her sentiments just and liberal, though she has an uncommon memory, lively and delicate feelings, and a strong.
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Her anger was gone, and so was mine. Suddenly, we both felt an irresistible drive to confess our faults to each other, and at the same time we both felt an unprecedented willingness to forgive and reassure. It felt safe to share, and for the first time we really saw each other. For the first time, we opened up to each other, and for the first time, we both listened. The first thing you need to do is to expand your emotional vocabulary. As the process I have just described is heavily based on the practice of Nonviolent Communication, I highly recommend you take a look at these resources on their website:.

This process is especially useful for solving situations of conflict , but you can also use it to uncover underlying issues that you might sense in your relationships. And now you might ask: Well, there are several reasons why writing can be a tremendous aid in this situation:. With this methodology, you can finally address those issues that you never had the courage to voice out loud. However, this tool works best for solving conflict.

As you might have guessed, the answer is yes. As a consequence of our negativity, we gradually give way to insecurities which we end up projecting onto people around us. We subconsciously try to meet our need for validation through them; we compare ourselves to them and enter a competitive mentality; or we lash out at them, when deep down we are angry at no one but ourselves.

Eventually, this unhealthy pattern has the power to destroy any kind of relationship. However, the good news is that it can be easily dismantled. The easiest way we can do that for our loved ones is to bring their attention to their individual qualities, their achievements and their strengths.

In practical terms, this means to express our gratitude and appreciation. How can we overcome our resistance and make gratitude and appreciation a part of our daily life? I have always struggled to reveal my feelings to my mother.

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All I had to do was think about things that trigger in me genuine gratitude towards my mother, and repeat the sentence for as many times as possible. And yet, despite its simplicity, the results from this small exercise were tremendous. The more I wrote words of appreciation to my mother, the more pleasure this habit brought me and the more natural it felt to express them. Eventually, because I kept bringing my awareness to her best traits, my very perception of her changed, and my love for her grew.

Suddenly, her sadness started melting away, and so did my sense of guilt. After writing for a while, we became better at voicing our feelings to each other, and our relationship transformed. To do this yourself, simply grab pen and paper and let yourself quiet down for a bit of reflection. Repeat this sentence until you feel you have expressed everything.

When you are finished, give or send the letter to its recipient. Chances are, you may feel that you are doing something for them and you are. But you will likely be surprised at the positive impact it has on your own feelings and mood as well. If you act generous, you will become generous. If you constantly express your gratitude towards others, it starts becoming part of your personality, and you truly begin to feel it. Soon after I started writing gratitude lists to my mother, I realized that I felt like expanding this practice to other relationships in my life:. I had people tell me that my words had reached them at exactly the right time, inspiring them to take steps to improve their lives.

But as I eased my way into gratitude by expressing it through written words, it became an intrinsic part of me, and it triggered profound, permanent improvement in my relationships. If I would have to name the biggest way in which writing has transformed my relationships, it would be through the gift of self-awareness. Sure, writing might not allow for the same spontaneity of a face-to-face conversation, reciprocity or reading body language. But it gives us an opportunity to digest our emotions and consciously respond to them, organize out thoughts, and find new ways into the fabric of our relationships.

The techniques I have described above have changed not only my relationships, but also the very essence of my being. You can start applying them to your own life today. Just grab a piece of paper and write a letter to someone you love. Write it with compassion, open yourself up. Sign in Get started. How to Use Writing to Radically Improve Your Relationships A complete how-to on writing letters to others to keep good relationships strong, repair hurt feelings, and help you grow in unexpected ways. Full security for the retiring of the citizens of the United States from the British dominions in case a war should break out.

No privateering commissions to be taken out by the subjects of the one, or citizens of the other party, against each other. In case of an Indian war, none but the usual supplies in peace shall be furnished. In peace, no troops to be kept within a limited distance from the lakes. No stipulation whatsoever is to interfere with our obligations to France.

A treaty is not to continue beyond fifteen years. This enumeration presents generally the objects which it is desirable to comprise in a commercial treaty; not that it is expected that one can be effected with so great a latitude of advantages. If to the actual footing of our commerce and navigation in the British European dominions could be added the privilege of carrying directly from the United States to the Edition: But such a treaty, instead of the usual clause concerning ratification, must contain the following: But if a treaty of commerce cannot be formed upon a basis as advantageous as this, you are not to conclude or sign any such, it being conceived that it would not be expedient to do anything more than to digest with the British ministry the articles of such a treaty as they appear willing to accede to, referring them here for consideration and further instruction previous to a formal conclusion.

Some of the other points, which it would be interesting to comprehend in a treaty, may not be attended with difficulty. Among these is the admission of our commodities and manufactures generally into the British European dominions, upon a footing equally good with those of other foreign countries. At present certain enumerated articles only are admitted, and though the enumeration embraces all the articles which it is of present consequence to us to be able to export to those dominions, yet in process of time an extension of the objects may become of moment.

You will have no difficulty in gaining access to the ministers of Russia, Denmark, and Sweden, at the Court of London. The principles of the armed neutrality would abundantly cover our neutral rights. If, therefore, the situation of things with respect to Great Britain should dictate the necessity of taking the precaution of foreign co-operation upon this head; if no prospect of accommodation should be thwarted by the danger of such a measure being known to the British Court; and if an entire view of all our political relations shall, in your judgment, permit the step, you will sound those ministers upon the probability of an alliance with their nations to support those principles.

However, there can be no risk in examining what can be concerted with Denmark and Sweden, or any other Power, against the Algerines. It may be represented to the British ministry how productive of perfect conciliation it might be to the people of the United States if Great Britain would use her influence with the Dey of Algiers for the liberation of the American citizens in captivity, and for a peace upon reasonable terms. It has been communicated from abroad, to be the fixed policy of Great Britain to check our trade in grain to the Mediterranean.

This is too doubtful to be assumed, but fit for inquiry. Such are the outlines of the conduct which the President wishes you to pursue. He is aware that, at this distance, and during the present instability of public events, he cannot undertake to prescribe rules which shall be irrevocable. You will therefore consider the ideas herein expressed as amounting to recommendations only, which in your discretion you may modify as seems most beneficial to the United States, except in the two following cases, which are immutable.

That, as the British ministry will doubtless be solicitous to detach us from France, and may probably make Edition: That no treaty of commerce be concluded or signed contrary to the foregoing prohibition. You are too well acquainted with the nature of the great functions which you are called to exercise to render it necessary for me to add the earnest wish of the President of the United States that your communications to the Secretary of State should be frequent and full, and that you should correspond with our ministers abroad upon any interesting occasion which may demand it.

For the latter of these purposes you will avail yourself of Mr. Your expenses will be paid, together with the allowance of thirteen hundred and fifty dollars per annum for a secretary. Not doubting that you will execute this trust in a manner honourable to yourself and salutary to the United States, I beg leave to offer to you my sincere wishes for your health and safe return. The less you say on such subjects, the less you will flatter the importance of those who may not wish us well. We have the prospect of a good voyage, but it would be infinitely less disagreeable if it was towards, instead of being from, Edition: I look forward to that pleasure, and sincerely hope and pray that a kind Providence will so order events, that my return be not protracted beyond the time we contemplate.

Kiss our little ones for me. I landed here this evening with a commission from the President of the United States, constituting me their envoy to his Majesty. The state of my health not permitting me to travel rapidly, I transmit the enclosed packet for your Lordship, with one for the Marquis of Buckingham, by the post. They were committed to my care by Sir John Temple; it appears to me more proper to deny myself the honour of delivering them in person, than, for that purpose, to detain them from your Lordships until my arrival in London.

You have doubtless received a letter which I had the honour of writing to you from Falmouth. I arrived here this morning. The journey has given me some health and much pleasure, nothing having occurred on the road to induce me to wish it shorter. Trumbull does me the favour of accompanying me as Secretary and I have brought with me a son who I am anxious should form a right estimate of whatever may be interesting to our country.

Lord Grenville presents his compliments to Mr. He had the honor to lay before the King yesterday the copy of Mr. Jay; but if Mr. Jay, under the circumstances of his Special Commission, should be desirous of having his audience sooner, His Majesty has been graciously pleased to authorize Lord Edition: Jay after the levee to-morrow. In that case Lord Grenville would wish to see Mr. Jay in the morning at eleven instead of twelve, as they had before fixed.

I wrote you a letter while yet at sea, and on my arrival at Falmouth added to it a few lines. That letter was left in the care of our consul there, who promised to forward it by the Active, Captain Blair, who expected soon to sail from thence for Philadelphia. On Sunday morning, the 15th of this month, we reached this place. Excellent roads, good inns, and a variety of interesting objects and scenes rendered the journey agreeable—perhaps the more so from our having just left the sea. Our way led us through Glastonbury, famous among other things for a thorn said to have been introduced by Joseph of Arimathea, which ancient legends say blossoms at Christmas.

On our arrival at the next town Wells we visited the cathedral, a Gothic structure worth seeing. The sexton who showed and explained to us its history, peculiarities, and curiosities, and who seemed an intelligent man, assured us very seriously that there really was such a thorn at Glastonbury, that some of Edition: Had it been Christmas, I should have desired him to show it to me.

Peter has carried to Mrs. Low the letters for her that were committed to his care. He was most kindly received by her, and returned much pleased. He called also at Mrs. She and her family were all out of town. Kembles have been so polite as to make me a visit. The Colonel who was aide-de-camp to General Gage has left the army. I made inquiries about Mrs. She is in the city; her health but delicate. I purpose to make her a visit. Vaughan and his family are out of town. Church are particularly kind and civil to us, and Peter has much reason to be pleased with the attentions which he has received from them and others of our friends here.

We dined yesterday with Mr. Constable, who made very friendly inquiries about you and the children in the evening. I took tea with Mrs.

CORRESPONDENCE AND PUBLIC PAPERS OF JOHN JAY.

Low, who looks very well and spoke much of America and her friends in it. Pinckney seem very amiable and much disposed to do everything that is proper and friendly. As to my political objects, I can as yet say nothing—more time being necessary to acquire information and form a judgment. This letter will be committed to the care of Mr. Francis, son of Mr. He purposes to set out to-morrow for Falmouth, whence Edition: I should have written by the packet, but was afraid that the Active would sail before her; it has, however, turned out otherwise.

I am this moment informed that a vessel bound for New York will sail on Tuesday next; I shall endeavour to write by her also, but I am so pressed for want of time by business and circumstances which, though not important, consume time that it will not be in my power to write either so many or such long letters as I otherwise should. God bless and preserve you, my dear Sally. Remember me to our friends. My letter of this date to Mr. Randolph contains an exact account of the present state of the affairs of my mission here. I shall be disappointed if no good should result.

As yet, the minister stands entirely uncommitted. From some light circumstances I incline to believe that our mercantile injuries will be redressed; but how or how far I cannot conjecture. My next conference will doubtless place things in more particular and clearer points of view. Gordon has information, which he relies upon, that the posts will not be surrendered, and he authorizes me to tell you so in confidence. His information does not make so strong an impression upon my Edition: The observations I have hitherto made induce me to believe that the war with France is popular, and that a war with us would be unpopular.

The word Jacobin is here a term of reproach, and used as such among the common people. They who wish the reform of this government do, I apprehend, wish a certain degree of success to the present French cause, not because they like it, but because they think such success would promote their favourite objects.

I often hear gentlemen converse on these subjects, but I think it prudent to be reserved; as to their internal parties and divisions, I make it a rule to remain silent. Your administration is greatly commended. The idea entertained by some, of applying private debts to compensate public injuries, alarms and disgusts, and impairs credit.

I am anxious to have it in my power to communicate something decisive. As yet, I am entirely satisfied with the minister. I ought to add that Mr. With perfect respect, esteem, and attachment, I am, dear sir, your obliged and obedient servant,. It is always useful to communicate such papers, but seldom useful to publish them.

On the 15th I arrived here, and the same day mentioned it by letter to Lord Grenville. He appointed the 18th for my reception, and I then communicated to him my first commission, and left with him a copy of it. This was a visit of ceremony, and nothing passed between us relative to the objects of my mission. The next day I sent him copies of my letter of credence. On the 20th I had an interview with him by his appointment; and I communicated to him my general power, of which I have since sent him a copy. Much general conversation took place and the principal topics were touched upon.

His Lordship did not commit himself on any point; he heard me very patiently and politely. He promised to appoint a short day for another conference, and I took my leave impressed with sentiments favorable to his character and manners. If his disposition be hostile, Edition: What will be the decision of the court I will not venture even to conjecture. As yet, I have no reason to be dissatisfied, or to consider appearances as being unfavorable. No delays, or arts to procrastinate, have been practised.

It is to be wished that no intelligence of an irritating nature may arrive from America. I do not regard preparations for war as of that nature. They ought not, in my opinion, to be neglected or delayed in the most profound state of peace. I shall not omit any opportunity of giving you such information as will enable you to see precisely the state of the negotiation, and shall endeavour to avoid deceiving you, or myself, by delusive hopes or groundless fears. I am still unable to say anything decisive relative to the objects of my mission. Appearances continue to be singularly favourable, but appearances merit only a certain degree of circumspect reliance.

The delays occasioned by the new arrangement of the ministry cannot be of long continuance. Circumstances must soon constrain them to form some ultimate system relative to the United States; and although I have much reason to hope that it will be favourable to our wishes, yet I confess I am not Edition: Personally I have every reason to be satisfied, and officially I have as yet no reason to complain.

Shortly after my arrival I dined with Lord Grenville. The cabinet ministers were present, but not a single foreigner. I mention these facts to explain what I mean by favourable appearances. I think it best that they should remain unmentioned for the present, and they make no part of my communications to Mr. This is not the season for such communications; they may be misinterpreted, though not by you. I fear the posts may labour, but they must not be left. We must not make a delusive settlement; that would disunite our people, and leave seeds of discord to germinate.

I will do everything that prudence and integrity may dictate or permit. I will endeavour to accommodate rather than dispute; and if this plan should fail, decent and firm representations must conclude the business of my mission. As yet I do not regret any step I have taken. I wish I may be able to say the same at the conclusion. Appearances mend—give us a fair chance. When I first heard of the commission of my much esteemed friend, John Jay, as envoy extraordinary to the British court, I rejoiced in the prospect which his known abilities, integrity, and benevolence afforded, of a speedy and happy dispersion of those clouds of hostility which have been for some time gathering, and which seemed of late ready to involve the two countries in confusion and distress.

I hope I shall be excused when I say that I do not know any other person in America whose appointment to this high office would have given me so much satisfaction, and promised so successful an issue; and I believe that these sentiments are not merely the effusions of an early admiration of his talents and virtues, but of the most sincere and respectful attachment.

It is the earnest wish of my heart, that thy labours may be happily crowned, and that by them the inestimable blessings of peace and brotherly intercourse may be preserved and established on a permanent foundation. I trust, too, that the consciousness of this benevolent and Christian work will, amid many other charities of life, frequently rise in grateful and self-approving remembrance, and, if a day of affliction should come, will furnish a cordial of the most sovereign virtue, the recollection of having been the means of preventing the destruction of thousands, and of promoting the harmony and happiness of millions of thy fellow-creatures.

I have but one more wish to express on this subject, which is, that when thou hast been happily instrumental in removing every cause of uneasiness and discord between Great Britain and America, thou mayst find thyself authorized to tender the mediation of America to the present belligerent powers, for stopping the effusion of human Edition: To be an instrument in accomplishing a deed so extensively beneficent must, if virtue so exalted needed any accession of happiness, be contemplated and applauded by the wise and good to the latest period of time.

But, whatever may be the issue of thy present negotiation, or however disproportionate may be thy commission to the extent of thy benevolence, thou wilt always have the esteem and regard of one who, though indeed his esteem and regard are of very little consequence, could not withhold this testimony of his respectful remembrance, and who takes the liberty of subscribing himself. I have also for some time been deprived of the usual exertion of my voice, and can converse scarcely above a whisper; but, notwithstanding this, it would be a peculiar gratification if the course of thy travels should include York, to have the favour of seeing thee and enjoying thy company at my house during thy stay in this city.

Some years since, I took the liberty of requesting thy acceptance of a small compilation which I had then published, and which I suppose thou received. I have lately revised and enlarged that collection, and, though I think it scarcely worth thy attention, yet, as thou hast seen the first edition, I hope it will not be deemed an intrusion to beg thy acceptance of a copy of this last impression. Among my letters to Mr. Randolph is one stating an agreement between Lord Grenville and myself for preserving things in a pacific and unaltered state between us and the British on the side of Canada and the frontiers; and Mr.

Simcoe will soon receive orders to retire from Miami to his former positions. Some cabinet councils have lately been held, and it is probable the manner of settling their differences with us has been among the subjects of their deliberations. From the silence and circumspection of Lord Grenville, I apprehend that the cabinet has not as yet ultimately concluded on their plan. This delay is unpleasant, but I do not think it unnatural. The opposition members lately come in have so often held a language friendly to America, that it is probable they will find it necessary, in order to be consistent, to adhere to sentiments not agreeable to some of the others.

I am led by several little circumstances, not easily detailed or explained, to believe that the late administration looked upon a war with us as inevitable, and I am of opinion that the instructions of the 6th of November were influenced by that idea. I do also believe that Lord Dorchester was instructed to act conformably to that idea, and that Simcoe was governed by it.

I am certain that intelligence which made some impression was conveyed to the ministry, that our army, if successful against the Indians, had orders to Edition: There is also room to believe, that the indiscreet reception given to the late French Minister—the unnecessary rejoicings about French successes, and a variety of similar circumstances, did impress the government with strong apprehensions of an unavoidable war with us, and did induce them to entertain a disposition hostile to us.

I have given Lord Grenville positive assurances, that no attack pending the negotiations will be made on the posts held by them at the conclusion of the war; but I also told him that I thought it highly probable that every new advanced post, and particularly the one said to be taken by Mr.

Simcoe on the Miami, would be attacked. I must do him the justice to say that hitherto I have found him fair and candid, and apparently free from asperity or irritation. So far as personal attentions to the envoy may be regarded as symptoms of good-will to his country, my prospect is favourable. These symptoms, however, are never decisive; they justify expectation, but not reliance. I most heartily wish the business over, and myself at home again. But it would not be prudent to urge and press unceasingly, lest ill-humour should result, and ill-humour will mar any negotiation; on the other hand, much forbearance and seeming inactivity invite procrastination and neglect.

The line between these extremes is delicate: I will endeavour to find and observe it. Accept my thanks for the friendly congratulations and sentiments expressed in your letter of the 14th of this month. I regret not knowing that you resided at Bath. We passed from Falmouth through that city in our way to this. It would have given me pleasure to have called upon you, and to use an Indian expression have brightened the chain. Many great and unexpected events have taken place since we parted. We live in times that teem with them. A great and wonderful drama is exhibiting on the stage of Europe, perhaps of the world.

We are spectators of the first act. What may succeed, or what the catastrophe will be, human prevision cannot discern. Peace and domestic comforts rise in value as they become precarious; and individual misery, by abounding, produces national distress; and yet, even in this age of reason and philosophy, the passions do not cease to fan the flames of war, and cause them to rage, to spread, and to desolate.

If, during my stay here, you should visit London, I shall be happy to see you, and to assure you of the esteem and regard with which I am. The cases of captures transmitted to me are numerous, and in some instances voluminous. My first idea was to make correct statements of these cases and lay them before you. It has since occurred to me that you might prefer receiving these cases in the state they are.

Abstracts cannot be so satisfactory. I will communicate them to your Lordship at any time you may be pleased to mention. It appears to me unfortunate that the vessels lately sailed from hence to America carry with them discontents on account of Americans impressed and detained. Those discontents will naturally add to the impressions made by masters of vessels and others daily returning from the West Indies, and publishing details of the severities which they there experienced.

People who suffer will feel; and their friends and others will also feel for them. The great and, I believe, unexpected events in Flanders, and the unusual number of interesting affairs which constantly demand the attention of the British Cabinet, keep their ministers unceasingly Edition: We are, nevertheless, beginning to do business apparently in good earnest. The minister is if I may say so besieged by our British creditors.

The subject of the debts is attended with difficulties. The minister has been informed that the law in Virginia relative to the evidence of book debts has, since the war, been made more strict than it was before. If the law has been thus changed, and made to apply to pre-existing transactions, there is room for complaint. I wish to have exact information on this head. I have laid before him several of the cases you sent me, and also the statement by the captains of vessels taken at Martinique.

Of the facts mentioned in the latter, he had never received any information. I know the impatience that must prevail in our country. At times I find it difficult to repress my own impatience; but for all things there is a season. The importance of moderation and caution in the present moment is obvious, and will, it is to be hoped, continue to operate on the minds and conduct of our fellow-citizens. As yet I do not apprehend that I have committed any mistakes in this business. I wish I may be able to say as much at the conclusion of it.

I have read your thirty odd papers to and from and respecting Mr. Hammond and his complaints. Let us hope for the best and prepare for the worst. I confess I have hopes, but I also perceive circumstances and causes which may render them abortive. This letter cannot be satisfactory; it amounts to little more than this: So is the case; and such will often be the case pending any negotiation, or any game connected with events not in our power to control.

In both, chances frequently defeat skill, and as frequently give to skill unmerited reputation. For these things I must take my chance. That, in various instances, these captures and condemnations were so conducted, and the captured Edition: That the vessels and property taken and condemned have been chiefly sold, and the proceeds divided among a great number of persons, of whom some are dead, some unable to make retribution, and others, from frequent removals and their particular circumstances, not easily reached by civil process.


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  • The Correspondence and Public Papers of John Jay, vol. 4 () - Online Library of Liberty.
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So grievous are the expenses and delays attending litigated suits, to persons whose fortunes have been so materially affected, and so great is the distance of Great Britain from America, that the undersigned thinks he ought to express his anxiety that a mode of proceeding as summary and little expensive may be devised as circumstances and the peculiar hardship of these cases may appear to permit and require. And as at least in some of these cases it may be expedient and necessary, as well as just, that the sentences of the courts of vice-admiralty should be revised and corrected by the Court of Appeals here, the undersigned hopes it will appear reasonable to his Majesty to order that the captured in question who have not already so done be there admitted to enter both their appeals and their claims.

The undersigned also finds it to be his duty to represent that the irregularities before mentioned extended not only to the capture and condemnation of American vessels and property, and to unusual personal severities, but even to the impressment of American citizens to serve on board of armed vessels. He forbears to dwell on the injuries done to the unfortunate individuals, or on the emotions which they must naturally excite, either in the breast of the nation to whom they belong, or of the just and humane of every country.

His reliance on the justice and benevolence of his Majesty leads him to indulge a pleasing expectation that orders will be given that Edition: It is with cordial satisfaction that the undersigned reflects on the impressions which such equitable and conciliatory measures would make on the minds of the United States, and how naturally they would inspire and cherish those sentiments and dispositions which never fail to preserve, as well as to produce, respect, esteem, and friendship. The undersigned, Secretary of State, has had the honor to lay before the King, the ministerial note which he has received from Mr.

Jay, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary from the United States of America, respecting the alleged irregularity of the capture and condemnation of several American vessels, and also respecting the circumstances of personal severity by which those proceedings are stated to have been accompanied in some particular instances. The undersigned is authorized to assure Mr. All experience shows that a naval war, extending over the four quarters of the globe, must unavoidably be productive of some inconveniences to the commerce of neutral nations, and that no care can prevent Edition: But the King will always be desirous that these inconveniences and irregularities should be as much limited as the nature of the case will admit, and that the fullest opportunity should be given to all to prefer their complaints, and to obtain redress and compensation where they are due.

As to the cases of the first description, Lord Grenville apprehends that the regular course of law is still open to the claimants; and that, by preferring appeals to the commissioners of prize causes here, against the sentence of the courts below, the whole merits of those cases may be brought forward, and the most complete justice obtained. In the cases of the second description the proceedings might, in some instances, be more difficult, from the lapse of time usually allotted for preferring appeals. But His Majesty being anxious that no temporary or local circumstances, such as those to which Mr.

Jay refers in his note, should impede the course of substantial justice, has been pleased to refer it to the proper officers to consider of a mode of enlarging the time for receiving the appeals in those cases, in order to admit the claimants to bring their complaints before the regular court appointed for that purpose. Until the result and effect of these proceedings shall be known, no definite judgment can be formed respecting the nature and extent of those cases, if any such shall ultimately be found to exist where it shall not have been practicable to obtain substantial redress in this mode.

But he does not hesitate to say, beforehand, that, if cases shall then be found to exist to such an extent as properly to call for the interposition of Government, where, without the fault of the parties complaining, they shall be unable, from whatever circumstances, to procure such redress, in the ordinary course of law, as the justice of their cases may entitle them to expect, His Majesty will be anxious that justice should, at all events, be done, and will readily enter into the discussion of the measures to be adopted, and the principles to be established for that purpose.

On the subject of the impress, Lord Grenville has only to assure Mr. With respect to the desire expressed by Mr. Jay, that instructions, to the effect desired, will be renewed, in consequence of his application. The undersigned avails himself, with pleasure, of this opportunity to renew to Mr. Jay his assurances of his sincere esteem and consideration. I am this moment returned from a long conference with Lord Grenville. Our prospects become more and more promising as we advance in the business.

The compensation cases are described in the answer, and the amount of damages will, I have reason to hope, be referred to the decision of commissioners mutually to be appointed by the two governments, and the money paid without delay on their certificate, and the business finished as speedily as may be possible. The question of admitting our vessels into the islands, under certain limitations, is under consideration, and will soon be decided. A treaty of commerce is on the carpet. All other things being Edition: They contend that the article about the negroes does not extend to those who came in on their proclamation, to whom being vested with the property in them by the rights of war they gave freedom; but only to those who were, bona fide, the property of Americans when the war ceased.

They will, I think, insist that British debts, so far as injured by lawful impediments, should be repaired by the United States, by decision of mutual commissioners. These things have passed in conversation, but no commitments on either side—and not to be of any official weight or use whatever. The king observed to me the other day: The conversation then turned to indifferent topics; this was at the drawing-room. I have never been more unceasingly employed than I have been for some time past, and still am.

I hope for good, but God only knows. Penn sails in the morning. I write these few lines in haste, to let you see that the business is going on as fast as can reasonably be expected; and that it is very important that peace and quiet should be preserved for the present. On hearing, last night, that one of our Edition: He will write immediately by the packet on the subject. Indeed, I believe that they are endeavouring to restore a proper conduct towards us everywhere, but it will take some time before the effect can be visible. I write all this to you in confidence, and for your private satisfaction.

I have not time to explain my reasons, but they are cogent. Whatever may be the issue, nothing in my power to ensure success shall be neglected or delayed. Bentham, who is preparing for the establishment of a panopticon, agreeable to the plan delineated in a publication which I once communicated to you. The Agricultural Society is incorporated with a yearly allowance, by government, of three thousand pounds.

Their plans are extensive; they have been singularly industrious, and much has been done. Sir John showed us sheep of different breeds, stuffed and prepared in the highest degree of perfection. Of these, drawings are making; models are collecting of the most useful machines; among them is one for cleaning grain from the straw, which, by the help of two horses and a man and a boy, will do 70 or 80 bushels per day. They begin to be in use among the farmers, which I consider as a proof of their answering the purpose.

Among the sheep, the Teeswater is the largest. Sir John showed me a fleece presented to the Board, which weighed twenty odd pounds. He tells me they frequently weigh sixty pounds a quarter. From Saxony, he is informed that the Spanish breed had been imported there; that they succeeded well, and did not degenerate. They sent him a sample of the wool. I enclose a lock of it. This fact shows that the fineness of wool depends not less on breed than on management. It was employed in raising store-cattle, which were usually sold into England, and fattened for the London market.

His flock is 3, The progress of husbandry in this country is astonishing; the king patronizes it, and is himself a great Edition: He has been doing much in that way at Windsor. Colonel Bentham has invented a number of curious and very useful machines, intended to be introduced into the panopticon. He showed us a model of the building; it seems admirably calculated for its purposes.

He has a machine for sawing at once from a plank the felloe of a wheel to its form, another contrivance for cutting it to its proper length and angle, another for finishing the spoke, another for boring and mortising the hub, another for driving the spokes. He has one for turning a circular saw for small work, another for making the mouldings, if they may be so called, on the pieces which form sashes; one for sawing stone, others for working different kinds of saws into many slabs at once, another for polishing them, another for planing boards, and taking a shaving of its full width from one end to the other, etc.

He has patents for these machines; but as yet they cannot be purchased. He has one for cutting corks with incredible expedition. Governor Hunter, from Norfolk Island, with whom I was last week in company, speaking of its productions, mentioned that among the birds there were swans that were black, having only a few white feathers in the wings. One stuffed and well preserved, I am told, is here. As yet I have not seen it.

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He also mentioned a wild flax growing on upland to about three feet high, and good. I do not yet learn that any of the seed of it is here. They who have leisure and a turn for these things, might here acquire much entertaining and some useful information. Want of time represses my curiosity, and will not allow me to pay much attention to objects unconnected with those of my mission.

If that be true, you and our friend, Edward Rutledge, must be as enigmatical and unintelligible as Oliver Cromwell, and yet neither of you resemble him more than he did an honest man. The kindness diffused through your letter of the 19th of June paid me for the trouble of deciphering it. Two or three words, however, proved too hard for me. To judge from the context, I presume they mean something good and friendly, and therefore that I have reason to be pleased with the ideas conveyed by them, although I do not know precisely what they are.

Peace, my dear sir, was formally thought a good sort of thing; but within these last few years past it seems to have been going fast out of fashion. But, to be serious, there seems to be something more than common at work in, or on, the human mind, and Edition: Symptoms of it appear more or less, and in different degrees, in all parts of Europe,—even in Spain, where quiescency in every sense has long been cherished. Geneva is at this moment undergoing another revolution. Where next, no one can tell. Our country may catch the flame. We live in an eventful season.

We have nothing to do but our duty, and one part of it is to prepare for every event. Let us preserve peace while it can be done with propriety; and if in that we fail, let us wage war,—not in newspapers, and impotent sarcasms, but with manly firmness, and unanimous and vigorous efforts.

I have had the pleasure of seeing your brother frequently, and am pleased with him. He is gone to Scotland. He has communicated to me a circumstance that I rejoice in. Read of my best wishes. With real esteem and regard, I am, dear sir,. I thank you very sincerely for the kind letter you were so obliging as to write me on the 15th of last month. The sentiments of esteem and regard which are expressed in it afford additional inducements to my endeavours to deserve them. To see things as being what they are, to estimate them aright, and to act accordingly, are of all attainments the most important.


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    8. Circumstanced as we are, it is exceedingly difficult to acquire either of these, and especially the last, in any eminent degree; but in proportion to our progress, so will be our wisdom and our prospect of happiness. I perceive that we concur in thinking that we must go home to be happy, and that our home is not in this world. Here we have nothing to do but our duty, and by it to regulate our business and our pleasures; for there are innocent as well as vicious pleasures, and travellers through the world as we all are may, without scruple, gratefully enjoy the good roads, pleasant scenes, and agreeable accommodations with which Providence may be pleased to render our journey more cheerful and comfortable; but in search of these we are not to deviate from the main road, nor, when they occur, should we permit them to detain or retard us.

    The theory of prudence is sublime and in many respects simple. The practice is difficult; and it necessarily must be so, or this would cease to be a state of probation. The sentiments diffused through your book are just, striking, and useful; but, my good friend, our opinions are oftener right than our conduct.

    Among the strange things of this world, nothing seems more strange than that men pursuing happiness should knowingly quit the right and take a wrong road, and frequently do what their judgments neither approve nor prefer. Yet so is the fact; and this fact points Edition: We perceive that a great breach has been made in the moral and physical systems by the introduction of moral and physical evil; how or why, we know not; so, however, it is, and it certainly seems proper that this breach should be closed and order restored.

    For this purpose only one adequate plan has ever appeared in the world, and that is the Christian dispensation. In this plan I have full faith. Man, in his present state, appears to be a degraded creature; his best gold is mixed with dross, and his best motives are very far from being pure and free from earth and impurity. I mention these things that you may see the state of my mind relative to these interesting subjects, and to relieve yours from doubts which your friendship for me might render disagreeable. I regret your want of health and the bodily afflictions with which you are visited.

    God only knows what is best. Many will have reason to rejoice, in the end, for the days wherein they have seen adversity.

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    Your mind is in full strength and vigour, and that is an inestimable blessing. It really would give me great pleasure to visit you before I return; but I dare not promise myself that satisfaction, being so much and so constantly under the direction of circumstances which I cannot control. As to the wars now waging, they appear to me to Edition: They are, in my opinion, as unlike common wars as the great plague in London was unlike common sicknesses.

    I think we are just entering on the age of revolutions, and that the impurities of our moral atmosphere if if I may use the expression are about to be purified by a succession of political storms. I sincerely wish for general peace and good-will among men, but I shall be mistaken if short intervals excepted the season for those blessings is not at some distance.

    If any country escapes, I am inclined to think it will be our own; and I am led to this opinion by general principles and reasonings, and not by particular facts or occurrences, some of which so strongly favour a contrary idea as to produce in my mind much doubt and apprehension. In July, , Miss Bainstow, a young lady, now of seventeen, and whose family reside near this city, was placed at Boulogne, under the care and in the house of Madame Delseaux, a respectable widow lady there, for the benefit of education.

    In September last she was, together with her friend and fellow-pensioner, Miss Hornblow, arrested and confined in a convent. They entreat me to lay these facts before you, and convey their most earnest requests that you will be so good as to endeavour to obtain permission for them to return home. When I consider what my feelings would be, had I a daughter of that age so circumstanced, I find it impossible to resist this application.

    The business of humanity, however, seems to be attached to opportunities of doing it. I will not enlarge on this subject; every remark incident to it will occur to you. For my part I am not apprised of any objection to permitting these foreign children to go home to their parents; and should such a general permission be effected by your means, the remembrance of it would be sweet to you for ever. Your letter of the 23d of June, from London, and duplicate, have both been received; and your safe arrival, after so short a passage, gave sincere pleasure, as well on private as Edition: I mean the protest of the governor of Upper Canada delivered by Lieut.

    Sheaffe , against our occupying lands far from any of the posts, which, long ago, they ought to have surrendered, and far within the known, and until now, the acknowledged limits of the United States. On this irregular and high-handed proceeding of Mr. Simcoe, which is no longer masked, I would rather hear what the ministry of Great Britain will say, than pronounce my own sentiments thereon. But can that government, or will it attempt, after this official act of one of their governors, to hold out ideas of friendly intentions towards the United States, and suffer such conduct to pass with impunity?

    This may be considered as the most open and daring act of the British agents in America, though it is not the most hostile or cruel; for there does not remain a doubt, in the mind of any well-informed person in this country not shut against conviction , that all the difficulties we encounter with the Indians, their hostilities, the murders of helpless women and innocent children along our frontiers, result from the conduct of the agents of Great Britain in this country. In vain, is it, then, for its administration, in Britain, to disavow having given orders which will warrant such conduct, while their agents go unpunished, while we have a thousand corroborating circumstances, and indeed almost as many evidences some of which cannot be brought forward , to prove that they are seducing from our alliances Edition: Can it be expected, I ask, so long as these things are known in the United States, or at least firmly believed, and suffered with impunity by Great Britain, that there ever will or can be any cordiality between the two countries?

    I answer, no; and I will undertake, without the gift of prophecy, to predict, that it will be impossible to keep this country in a state of amity with Great Britain long, if the posts are not surrendered. A knowledge of these being my sentiments would have little weight, I am persuaded, with the British administration, nor, perhaps, with the nation, in effecting the measure; but both may rest satisfied that if they want to be in peace with this country, and want to enjoy the benefits of its trade, etc.

    I shall only add that you may be assured always of the sincere friendship and affection of. A gentleman in Holland has been so obliging as to send me a plan to make my fortune, even to the extent of many millions of pounds sterling. It unfortunately happens that more mercantile knowledge is necessary to the execution of this plan than I possess, so that like many others I must go without a fortune for want of knowing how to get one.

    That, my good friend, is not your case; having already made one fortune, you certainly know better how to make another than a person who has never made any. You will find this golden plan enclosed.

    If the extensive concerns in which you are already engaged should render its magnitude inconvenient, might it not be well to let our friends Le Roy and Bayard share in it? I mention them, because I esteem and like them, and because their acquaintance with the commerce of Holland and their connections in that country would afford facilities to all parties.

    At any rate, give me credit for good-will. If this plan does not make you more rich it will not make you less merry, and mirth sometimes does a man as much good as money. Present my best compliments to Mrs. With sincere wishes for your and her health and happiness, I am, dear sir,.