we also thank God constantly for this, that when you re- . there any hint of the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. . Holy Ghost had given commandments unto the apostles whom he had 44 And all that believed were together. and had all things common; answer to God's call to a separate and holy life ( saints.
Table of contents
Sigfrid's main sojourn in Norway evidently belonged to the years of the ascendancy of Olaf Haraldsson, [70] who seized the throne there in Sigfrid was a 'bishop of the Norwegians' at the time when he entrusted the future bishop Osmund to the schools of Bremen. But other sequences of events, and hence different chronologies, are possible to envisage. We need not assume that Sigfrid's appointment as the third bishop to be based in Trondheim tied him exclusively to Norway: But after that, Cnut's takeover of power in Norway was followed by a radical change in church leadership which would have made Sigfrid's previous position in Trondheim untenable.
Of the period prior to his retirement, Vita I merely tells us that: In particular, he constructed churches, ordained clerics and gave them orders to gain people for the Lord by preaching and baptizing. By , Sigfrid may well already have reached an age appropriate for retirement from a life of such demanding activity. In the late-medieval bishop-lists of Skara, 'Saint' Sigfrid 'from England', is commemorated as the first bishop of the diocese - with no mention of Thurgot, let alone Gottskalk.
It is implied, later in the bishop-list, that Sigfrid never actually 'sat' as bishop at Skara. But, while it is doubtless the case that fuller accounts of the life of St Sigfrid were in circulation in the pre-Reformation era than now, a warning has already been given against trusting the reportage of this particular Icelandic author. No primary source gives any precise date for Sigfrid's demise.
With regard to Trondheim, Adam of Bremen names Tholf and Siwardus, both Hamburg-Bremen appointees, as the successors to the earliest three bishops, all of whom had come 'from England'. Osmund is said to have succeeded him. The issue of the conflict of ecclesiastical interests between Hamburg-Bremen and England with regard to Sweden, which the success of Saint Sigfrid's had precipitated, was not finally settled until the twelfth century, when new archbishoprics were established within Scandinavia itself, successively at Lund , Trondheim and Uppsala As Papal Legate to Scandinavia in , Nicholas Breakspear, the future Pope [Hadrian IV]], was prominent in furthering the latter part of the process that led to the eventual settlement.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. II, part i, pp. Ii, part i, p. III, part ii, p. II, part 1, p. III, part ii, , Eng. Halldorson, vol III, pp. Talbot for texts relating to the careers of some earlier missionaries from England sent to the Germanic lands. III, part ii, pp. II, part 1, pp. II, part i, p. Catholic Church in Sweden. Caritas Catholic Cemetery Malteser International. Sigfrid Helena Bridget Elizabeth. Clare's Priory Stockholm St. John's Priory Kalmar St. Episcopal Conference of Scandinavia Catholicism portal Sweden portal. Retrieved from " https: Views Read Edit View history.
In other projects Wikimedia Commons. This page was last edited on 10 July , at Historians interested in the "real lives" of individual saints value the earliest texts above all others. But for assessing the cult of saints in Byzantium and in Western Europe, two rewritten collections of saints' lives dominate the manuscript record. There are about surviving manuscripts of the 10th-century Byzantine "re-phraser" St. As a result his work dominates the later Byzantine conception of sanctity. Jacobus de Voragine, writing about , achieved a similar dominance in later western hagiographical literature - about manuscripts of his Golden Legend survive.
From to it was also the most often printed book in Europe. This section of the Saints' Lives page will list online translations, or texts, of Lives from these two major collections. With the advent of printing, and the massive increase in available source material of all types, hagiography after the middle ages becomes less central to historians researching non-religious topics. It remains of interest, however, for religious history. But the nature of hagiography also changes. For ancient, Byzantine, and early Western Medieval saints, the Life often provided the unique data on the saint.
When the popes took control, especially after the mid-thirteenth century, and increasingly formalized the process of canonization , the nature of available materials about a saint changed.
Access Check
Catholic saints as also, in a less methodical way Orthodox saints now acquired at dossier organized as a legal brief. Modern Lives of Medieval Saints. With the following texts, available on the net, I have not been able to ascertain who wrote them, or when. As a result, they are listed as "modern" texts. The Roman Catholic situation is summarized as follows: From the sixth to the tenth century the definitive pronouncement of approval on the part of the local bishop gradually became a necessary culmination of a process of inquiry into the validity of such a veneration, the cult of doulia on the part of the faithful.
Canonization has By formal approval of the Roman Pontiff was deemed a matter of greater prestige for the veneration of a venerated saint, St. Under Gregory IX papal canonization became the only and exclusive legitimate form of inquiry into the saints' lives and miracles according to newly established procedural formes and canonical processes.
In Urban VIII ordered all the decrees and studies of canonizations during his own pontificate to be published in one volume -- and a century later, Benedict XIV systematized in a clear and definitive manner the basic expectations of heroic virtue and the indispensable requirements of the canonical processes according to the evidences of the Congregation of Rites. Pius X divided this Congregation into two sections: In , Pius XI established the historical section devoted to the critical-historical scrutiny of the evidences put forth in the causes for canonization.
On the net at http: In , the formal procedure was incorporated in the Church's Code of Canon Law. After a rigorous examination of a candidate's life, work and writings, undertaken by the Postulator of the Cause, the Pope accepts that the Servant of God has practised the Christian virtues in a heroic degree, and declares them Venerable, the first of three steps on the road of sainthood.
Following a physical miracle, such as an unexplained healing, the candidate is Beatified by the Pope, and declared Blessed. A further physical miracle is required before the person is Canonised and declared a Saint of the Church. Mystical Writings by, or Ascribed to, Saints. These are links only to mystical writings by saints.
For writings by the Church Fathers, most of whom are considered as saints, see the Medieval Sourcebook: Main Page will take you back to Sourcebook main page. Full Text Sources will take you to the page on non-hagiographal full etexts. Search the Sourcebook will enable searches of the full texts of all the source texts at Fordham, at ORB, or selected ancient, late antique, and medieval text databases.
This site contains translations made by Prof. Head, truly excellent bibliographies, and an incipient encyclopedia of hagiography. Pachomius Library The St. Pachomius Library is a Greek Orthodox project to put Byzantine texts on the internet, including many saints' lives.
- 21 Pounds in 21 Days: The Marthas Vineyard Diet Detox.
- ;
- Selected Poems and Fragments (Penguin Classics: Poets in Translation).
- Render unto God the Things that Are His: A Systematic Study of Romans 13 and Related Verses.
- ?
- Microgravity Combustion: Fire in Free Fall (Combustion Treatise).
Vitae Comprehensive listing of online source texts including those here in alphabetical order. A number of classical authors wrote "lives" which greatly influenced later Christian hagiographical writings. Moreover, the accounts of the Jewish martyrs under the Seleucids provided important themes to Christian writers.
Life of Apollonius of Tyana , c. The comparison with the Gospel is striking. The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers: Life of Pyrrho Plutarch CE: Parallel Lives , complete in English , Arthur Clough's translation.
Sigfrid of Sweden
Lives of the Caesars [complete] Suetonius: De Viris Illustris , c. The Life of Adam and Eve: Fourth Book of Maccabees: The Death of the Maccabees circa. Its account of the persecution the Maccabees influenced later martyrdom accounts in many ways. The Maccabees and their mother were celebrated as saints in Orthodox churches. He gives biographical information which is clearly distinct from hagiographic genres. The Deacon Stephen was the first Christian martyr. The short account of his death, with Saul of Tarsus watching is the lone martyrdom recorded in the New Testament.
Gregory of Nyssa c. Acts of Paul and Thecla translated in St. Pachomius Library Acts and Martyrdom of St. See also Catholic Encyclopedia: Polykarp was a bishop of Smyrna and had known people who had known the apostles. Martyrdom of Ignatius of Antioch , 2nd Century. Homily on Ignatius of Antioch. The Passion of SS. It is thus among the earliest of all texts ascribed to a Christian woman. Oxford UP, , ] this text also sees the earliest use of the topos of Christ, the Bridegroom of the saint. Perpetua is "the wife matrona of Christ, the beloved of God" Acts of Xanthippe, Polyxena and Rebecca.
Gregory of Tours Polyeuktos the Martyr , d. Also available, via the link above, are a number of maps, diagrams, and pictures of the exacavation of the sixth-century Church of St.
Januarius , translated in St. Pachomius Library As San Gennaro, the patron saint of Naples, and whose liquefying blood remains the occasion of intense concern. See also Mike Epstein: Laurence was broiled to death. Hence he became patron saint of cooks. The Life and Passion of Cyprian. Life of the Apostle and Evangelist Mark , Severus, fl. AD - , trans. Pachomius Library] Acts of Sharbil. Pachomius Library] Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon. Pachomius Library] Martyrdom of St.
Pelagia of Ceasarea , translated from Ge'ez, [At St. Pachomius Library] Ethiopian Synaxarion Notice: Pisentius of Qift , trans. Andrew the General [The Passion of St. Callistratus BHO St. Florian BHL St. Budge , The Passion of St. Budge , Images of St. George Throughout the Ages St. Luxurius [The Passion of Ss. Maximilian of Tebessa [The Passion of St. Marcellus of Tingis [The Passion of St. Menas with translations of: Budge , Ethiopic Synaxarium Translation from E. Budge , Coptic Encomium St. The Origin of the Cult of SS. Theagenes of Parium with translations of: Theagenes BHL St.
The Passion of St. Theodore the General and St. Typasius the Veteran [The Passion of St. Varus [At Military Saints] St. Victor of Milan [The Passion of St. The Finding of SS. Gervasius and Protasius St. Ambrose of Milan c. On the Care to Be had for the Dead St. The Legends of the Saints: An Introduction to Hagiography The full text of a classic work. Anthony or Encyclopeadia Britannica 11 ed: Athanasius Just as the martyrdom of Polykarp is a model text for many other martyrdom accounts, the Life of Anthony provided a model for accounts of saints - later called confessors whose sanctity was manifested by a holy - usually monastic - life rather than by a heroic death for the faith.
The Life of S. Onnophrios [Onophrius] , trans. Life of Porphyry of Gaza , 5th Century. A fascinating account of the Christian destruction of Paganism in Gaza. Life of Macrina , trans. One of the most important lives of a female saint. This is an account of Gregory's strongminded sister, Macrina c.
On His Father Gregory Nazianzus: The Latin Text is also online [At Upenn]. Augustine of Hippo Confessions , in modern translation, [At Upenn]. This single act overcame, for later generations, his violent public and private life and death as an Arian. Simeon Stylites from Ecclesiastical History , I. Stylites The first and most famous "pillar saint" was St. But Symeon's base was in Syria. Daniel, based in Constantinople, exercised enormous religious power. Life of Matrona of Perge , d. The Life of Theodore of Sykeon. This Life of seventh-century saint is a major source for Byzantine rural and social history, as well as about the development of the cult of saints.
Theodore's devotion to St. George is especially noteworthy in this text. The Life of John the Almsgiver , 7th Century.
The 7th-century Patriarch of Alexandria just before the Arab Conquest was later taken as patron by the Order of knights Hospitallers. As such he was the only Byzantine era saint to achieve popularity in the Western middle ages.
- The Conchenta Conundrum.
- Internet History Sourcebooks?
- Tom Browns Body (Mrs Bradley Book 22)!
- Ethics for Disaster (Studies in Social, Political, and Legal Philosophy);
- The Life and Death of St. Kilda: The moving story of a vanished island community;
- .
- Navigation menu.
- Sigfrid of Sweden - Wikipedia.
Barlaam and Ioasaph Translation: Josaphat is a Greek mis-rendition of the Sanskrit Bodhisattva - not so much a Byzantine saint, but a saint with a Byzantine vita. John Damascene Life of St.
Mary of Egypt from the Canon of St. The Martyrdom of Boris and Gleb , d. Durham] Important Russian saints. The Life of Lazaros of Mt. On Unceasing Prayer , from the Life of St. Nicholas from Myra in Kosmas Aitolos, with his Teaching and Letters , Trans by Nomikos Vaporis, [At St. Mary of Egypt] This text has the Antisemitic aspects of Kosmos' life and works removed. Holy Women of Byzantium: The texts are all in PDF form [for which you need the free Acrobat reader, downloadable from the index page].
Although it is possible to read these within the browser with Acrobat as a plugin, that often seems to destabilize a system. I recommend downloading the files onto a hard disk, and then opening them with Acrobat running independantly of the Browser. Nuns Disguised as Monks 1. A Saintly Empress Martin of Tours , [At St. Martin of Tours Gregory I Dialogos r. Second Dialogue Life of St.
JSTOR: Access Check
Gregory the Great , from the Ecclesiastical History. Eight Books of Miracles , Selections. Gall , from Lives of the Fathers Bede The Life of Cuthbert. Cuthbert was, for a short time, bishop of Lindesfarne. In death he became perhaps the most celebated saint in Northern England. The Lives of the Abbots of Weremouth and Jarrow. A series of very short lives.
Bede here effectively provides a good deal of local history. The Hodoeporican of St. Willibald , 8th Century Huneberc of Heidenheim. Prologue to the Hodoeporicon of St. The Life of St. Boniface The Correspondence of St. Boniface Texts about St. The Life of Willibrord , c. Vedastus, bishop of Arras , trans. Mark Lasnier, [At Mt.
A Commentary by Lynn Nelson is also available, as is a discussion of the Biblical book of Zechariah used by Alcuin The text is set to be white, so if the page comes up blank, change your browser default settings.