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- The ancient Egyptians were Black
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The possible sessions under this Symposium are i The opening of an era: Precambrian-Cambrian boundary events and their aftermath, biotic turnover, and palaeogeographical evolution, ii At the close: Critical events, Mass Extinction and Evolution of Biosphere. Keywords: Neoproterozoic, Cambrian, transition, paleobiogeography, bioevents. Malarkod India. Gerta Keller is a Professor in Geology. She is one of the foremost worker on this theme. Malarkod is a Professor in Geology working on this theme on Indian sediments. Extinction events are important factors in the history of life on Earth, and many studies suggest catastrophic causes for at least some major mass extinctions.
Two types of catastrophic event have been invoked: major impacts by asteroids or comets and episodes of continental flood basalt volcanism. The symposium will cover various aspects on Volcanism and its role in Mass extinction and Paleobiodiversity and the key note addresses are arranged besides technical sessions. Robert Spicer r. The global climate during the Cenozoic shows a general cooling trend with short abrupt warming periods as revealed by the marine isotopic records.
The response time of marine water is always greater than the free air mass on the land surface because of the high specific heat capacity of water. This creates the disparity between land and marine reconstructed palaeoclimate dataset.
The quantitative climate reconstruction during the Paleogene and the Neogene based on the biotic proxies are considered as most reliable because they are free from the diagenetic effect and their response time are also very quick. The two techniques such as CLAMP climate leaf analysis multivariate program and CA Co-existence Approach have been widely used for quantitative estimation of palaeoclimate during the Paleogene and the Neogene. The two aforesaid methodologies have been successfully used in the quantitative reconstruction of land palaeoclimate during the Paleogene and the Neogene climate.
The biota during the extreme warming events during the Paleogene also affected severely which can be clearly observed in the floral turnover during the PETM. The symposium invites contributions in this regard.
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The possible sessions under this Symposium are i Quantitative reconstruction of the Paleogene and the Neogene climate and biotic turnover during the Paleogene warming, ii Seasonal extremes during Cenozoic and Quaternary, iii Primate Evolution and climate change. Robert Morley bobmorley gmail. Uma Ramakrishnan India. Robert Morley is a consultant biostratigrapher palynologist worked on evolution of tropical rain forest. Produced several papers on plant biogeography particularly on Out of India Hypothesis.
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Past geodynamic and climatic events have majorly influenced speciation and extinction of biota. Inferring rates of speciation and extinction of biota in response to these historical processes over geological time scales is fundamental to understand diversification of species and biodiversity evolution in deep times. Modern synergized paleobiogeographic approaches will involve integration of fossil data with molecular phylogenetics to understand the evolutionary pattern in deep geological times.
In recent years, it has been realized that molecular clocks used in molecular phylogenetics must be calibrated with reliable fossil-data to ascertain when groups and clades of organisms appeared. This symposium invites studies which used fossils and molecular phylogenetic approaches to reveal biogeographic pattern and global diversification of biota.
The possible sessions under this symposium are i Biogeography of Angiosperms, ii Reconstructing the Evolutionary History of species using Fossil and Molecular Biology approach. Keywords: Evolution, biogeography, Angiosperm, Molecular phylogeny, Human evolution. Coordinators: G. Prasad guntupalli. Finny Stan. Finney csulb. Finney Stan. With the development of more refined geochronological techniques and re-fined biozones, the time scale is being constantly upgraded.
Candidate Unit Stratotypes and Boundary Stratotypes are continuously evaluated, for their selection as global stratotypes. This symposium invites abstracts on advancements in the Geological Time Scale. The Tethyan sedimentary belt of the Himalayan mountain chain hosts rocks ranging in age from Precambrian to Eocene. Spatial and temporal distribution of faunal and floral assemblages, their depositional environments, global correlation and relationship to other bioprovinces of the Tethyan belt are least understood at present.
This symposium invites abstracts on these aspects including mass extinction events and major radiations of animals and plants. Tewari vctewari cus. Five major mass extinction events occurred during the Phanerozoic Eon following which major radiations of animals and plants took place. What caused these extinction events, what were the major changes in the physical environments, what are the important chemical signatures left in the sedimentary record, what biotic groups were most affected and the biota recovered after extinction boundaries are some of the topics that can be covered under this heading.
Sedimentation in the Gondwanaland South America, Africa, Antarctica, India, Australia, Madagascar began with a glaciation event in the Upper Carboniferous followed by fluvio-lacustrine sedimentation. Marine pulses have also been recorded in the Permian sequences. The sedimentary history and life of these continents was controlled by the climate to a large extent.
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The symposium will address palaeoclimatic changes in the southern hemisphere at a time it was assembled into a single super-continent. In addition, extensive coal deposits during the Permian time will also be discussed including changes in continental vegetation prior to and after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Further, semitonid and lung fishes, labyrinthodont amphibians, rhynchosaurs, phytosaurs, aetosaurs, di-nosaurs, pterosaurs, rhynchocephalians, mammal-like reptiles and mammals were thriving during the time of Gondwana assembly.
Abstracts are also invited on evolution of vertebrates, their intercontinental affinities and relevance in biozonation and intercontinental correlation. Following the break-up of former Gondwanaland, marine seaways emerged between the constituent continents and marine sedimenta-tion took place in pericratonic areas.
Evolution of these sedimentary basins, their tectonic setting, and depositional history, evolution and diversity of fauna and understanding the past biogeographic provinces are focus of this symposium. Various causes, such as marine regression, volcanism and asteroid impact etc. The Triassic Period also experienced greenhouse conditions with major faunal turnovers. Correlation of these events at the global scale is needed. Following the end permian mass extinction, new forms occupied the empty ecological niches. In the marine realm, new primary producers like coccolithophorids, diatoms and dinoflagellates arrived on the horizon.
Land vegetation changed from lycopod- sphenopsid dominated flora to gymnosperm and fern dominated flora and then to angiosperm dominated flora.
Dinosaurs, birds, and mammals evolved during the Mesozoic Era. Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous interval is an important period, which coincides with significant environmental fluctuations and elevated levels of extinctions in marine invertebrate fauna and faunal turnovers in low latitude shallow marine faunas and in marine and non-marine vertebrate faunas.
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These bioevents are the focus of this symposium. Further, the Cretaceous Period is a classic example of a Greenhouse Earth with ice- free polar regions. There are extensive records of black shales in the ocean and chalk in epicontinental seas. Oceanic-anoxic events are known from the Tethys and Atlantic basins. Understanding these anoxic events is also focus of this symposium.
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Following its rapid northward journey India collided with Asia in the Early Paleogene, which led to the rise of the Himalayan mountain chain. During this collision process, many tectonic and geomorphic features got expressed in the Trans-Himalayan region. Also, following the rise of Himalaya, weathering and erosion of rocks brought large quantities of sediments into the foreland basin. This was further accentuated by the intensification of Indian Summer Monsoon and the interplay of tectonics and climate.
This symposium will address the role of tectonics and climate in shaping the geomorphol-ogy of the Himalayan frontal belt.
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PETM also led to the diversification of mammalian fau-nas in the Northern Hemisphere and high latitude areas.