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Uncommon American Housewife: Finding Your Connection To the Universe by Paula Heindl () on leondumoulin.nl *FREE* shipping on qualifying.
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She can say: a - I'm a housewife. A-friend A-friend If kids are involved the term "stay-at-home Mom" can be used. One advantage of homemaker mentioned in the StraightDope discussion is that while it almost always means a woman, there's no reason it couldn't also mean a man who takes care of the home, while housewife is undeniably feminine. Furthermore, "homemaker" peaked around and has been declining in usage since then. JonathanCast - An Ngram only shows that one word is more common than another in written works. If you peruse the hits, you'll see Google is finding the word housewife in books like the reprint of The American Frugal Housewife first published in , or The Virginia Housewife.

On the other hand, in the past ten seasons of the TV game show Jeopardy! Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. Tapping into the coding power of migrants and refugees in Mexico. Related 1. Hot Network Questions. Question feed. The instant-coffee industry grew tremendously in the postwar period. The internationally powerful Swiss company also introduced its instant brand around the world in Europe, Latin America, Asia, Oceania, and South Africa.

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The United States, however, provided the largest potential market. The modern consumer willingly sacrificed quality for convenience, as new instant brands proliferated. When regular roasted coffee bumped up to 80 cents a pound in , the real rush toward instant was on. Although soluble coffee required a gigantic capital outlay for the tall spraying towers and additional treatment processes, it cost 1. In addition, the manufacturers could squeeze more solids out of each bean by overextracting the grounds—a process that produced a bitter regular brew.

By the end of , instant coffee accounted for 17 percent of all U.

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Not a grind! No Tricky Parts to Clean. No Coffee Grounds.

It held that position tenuously, however, through low prices and extensive advertising. Consumer surveys showed little brand loyalty for instant coffees. Ed Aborn Jr. The popularity of instant coffee accompanied and complemented the rise of the vending machine. In Lloyd Rudd and K. Melikian, two army mechanical engineers, introduced the Kwik Kafe vending machine that dispensed hot instant coffee into a paper cup in five seconds.

Rudd Melikian Inc. Other companies soon went into competition with them. By the end of there were over 9, coffee vending machines in the United States, and by the middle of the decade over 60, The vending machine helped institutionalize that most venerated American tradition, the coffee break.

The phrase was the invention of the Pan American Coffee Bureau. While work time off for coffee had been virtually unknown before the war, 80 percent of the firms polled in had introduced a coffee break. Hospitals instituted them. After Sunday worship services, congregations met for a coffee break with their pastors. Instant Pream, a powdered milk product, provided the perfect tasteless mate to instant coffee. Along with instant coffee and cream came instant entertainment. By the end of the decade virtually everyone in America watched television an average of six hours a day.

He convinced General Foods advertising manager Charles Mortimer, who was soon to assume the presidency of the food conglomerate. Goldberg and her clan provided an affectionate look at New York Jewish immigrant life in one of the first popular situation comedies. The J. Walter Thompson admen were hamstrung not only by an inadequate budget but by Don Stetler, the shortsighted Standard Brands ad manager, who believed that coffee was strictly a local business. He canceled the Charlie McCarthy radio show and refused to run color ads in national magazines.

In new president Joel S. Hills Brothers also tried television in the early s, with a blond woman in an evening dress preparing coffee for guests in her kitchen. Hills Brothers Coffee, of course. The Hills Brothers TV spots only ran in local markets.


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So far General Foods was the only coffee roaster with the funds and foresight to produce national television commercials. Atherton Hobler eventually convinced General Foods to devote 80 percent of its advertising budget to television. Due to high prices and the increasing popularity of instant coffee, roasters felt compelled to cheapen their brands, use price promotions, premiums, and money-back coupons, and cut quantity.

Some regional roasters who supplied the restaurants and institutions began to sell coffee in fourteen-ounce packages, claiming that their coffee produced the same results as a full pound. The result? They were all selling less coffee, and the consuming public was getting a diluted cup. By the French were importing 2. European home roasting declined as industrial roasters dominated the market. Still, most Italians bought whole-bean roasted coffee and ground it at home.

Even in destitute postwar Europe, a different American beverage was gaining popularity and stealing market share from coffee. He pointed out that a bottle of Coca-Cola cost over twice as much as a home-brewed cup of coffee.

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Yet soft drink sales were booming. Could coffee take a lesson from this carbonated caffeine delivery system? In U. But only two firms, Coke and Pepsi, dominated the fizzy drink industry, while coffee firms battled one another for their slowly dwindling share of the market. Meanwhile, most coffee ads featured harried housewives or hurried businessmen. High coffee prices had spawned a worldwide resurgence of coffee growing.

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While prospecting for gold in , he and his two brothers, Mick and Dan, found not only gold, but a million New Guinea natives previously unknown to the outside world. Mick Leahy fathered Joe, a mixed-race child whom he abandoned when he returned to Australia, but Jim and Dan stayed on. His first big harvest came in just as prices skyrocketed, and a New Guinea land rush commenced. By there were seventy-six coffee plantations in New Guinea, fifty-five of them owned by Europeans. Astonished by the wealth they saw around them, natives too began to plant small plots.

In Brazil a new speculative frenzy took hold.

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Towns of 15, people sprang up in areas that only a few years earlier had provided homes for jaguars, tapirs, monkeys, snakes, and parakeets. The rich rolling plateau, well-watered and 2, feet above sea level, appeared to provide near-perfect coffee growing conditions, though periodic frosts posed a significant threat.


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No one worried about that in , however. The first wave of coffee trees, planted five or six years earlier, were being harvested, and millions more had been planted in the new lands. The United States encouraged the establishment of experimental agricultural research stations in Latin America. For the first time, scientific analysis of the soil and other methods applied for over a decade to U. William Cowgill, an agronomist with the U. In Cowgill coaxed one of his prize coffee trees to produce an astonishing fourteen pounds of cherries, compared to the average one pound per tree.

Cowgill suggested eliminating shade trees, increasing fertilizer and pesticide applications, and planting coffee trees much closer together. Coffee research stations also had begun in Colombia, Costa Rica, and Brazil, where Latin American scientists were studying crossbreeding to create hybrid strains as well as studying plant diseases and pests. A traditional arabica tree, it proved somewhat resistant to disease, matured in three rather than four years, and produced abundantly.

The Rockefellers threw the weight of their money into such ventures, determined to secure a place for U. The IRI men brought the yields up somewhat, but something was missing. For seven previous years, world production had lagged behind consumption. In March, President Eisenhower lifted the coffee price ceiling imposed by the Korean War and the selling price edged up a few cents.

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On the night of July 4, an unusually cold air mass moved up from the Antarctic and fell on southern Brazil. By noon the next day, many trees had been killed outright by the severe frost. In other cases the leaves had withered and the beans blackened on the branches. As it became apparent that the Brazilian harvest was several million bags short of predictions and that the following year promised a poor harvest as well, coffee futures ratcheted up.