Allelopathy: Chemistry and Mode of Action of Allelochemicals

Allelopathy: chemistry and mode of action of allelochemicals F. A. Macias, J. C. G. Galindo, J. M. G. Molinillo and H. G. Cutler (eds), CRC Press.
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Where other books on this subject highlight the "fuzzier" aspects, this one covers the hard science. It explores the latest developments in the field, discusses structure-activity relationships and SAR studies, and provides a foundation for the development of new natural herbicides. Designed as a practical, bench-friendly book, Allelopathy: Chemistry and Mode of Action of Allelochemicals is a convenient, easy-to-use resource that puts the latest information within easy reach.

Isidori Fate of Phenolic Allelochemicals in Soils: Blum Benzoxazolin-2 3H -ones: A Practical Case Study, T. Valuable Tools for the Study of Allelopathy, R. Reviews "I found that new ideas for my ongoing research were triggered by the contents of the book. Accordingly, I strongly recommend that scientists and graduate students worldwide, who are doing research on allelopathy, read the book. Finally, I would like to congratulate the editors for publishing such a valuable book. I believe that the book will catalyze more scientists to focus on the chemistry of allelopathy, and it will stimulate interdisciplinary scientists to join this research field.

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Management of Crops, Soils and Their Fertility. Quackgrass Elymus repens, Triticum repens, Agropywn repens , and Elytrigia repens is a widespread perennial grass widely studied for its effects on other plants. Some allelochemicals have been identified Korhammer and Haslinger, Other components that show allelopathic properties were isolated from E.

Norway spruce Picea abies regeneration in its natural environment is inhibited by alllelopathic interactions Pellissier, Germination was inhibited by extracts of several species, and humic solutions of Adenostylo alliariae—Piceetum and Homogyno—Piceetum both inhibited seedling growth. Phenolic compounds catechol, p -hydroxybenzoic acid, and protocatechuic acid may contribute to this inhibition.

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Survival of some seedlings is attributed to mycorhization Pellissier, Red spruce Picea rubens decline is subscribed to reduced germination capacity of the smaller seeds, and a lower capacity of the germling root to penetrate through the increased forest duff depths compared to balsam fir Abies balsamea , which does not show any decline. Allelopathic substances from coniferous litter leachable by contemporary precipitation and fern Dennstaedia punctilobula are presumed to inhibit germination and seedling root development of red spruce but not balsam fir.

Quinoline alkaloids synthesized by Cinchona ledgeriana inhibit germination of Ocimum americanum, Catharanthus roseus, Spermacoce tenuior , and C. The soil in which 2-year-old C. Upon germination of seeds in the soil no toxic effects were found, indicating that allelopathic properties found under laboratory conditions should be tested in the field to test the ecological significance. Another condition that should be tested is the osmotic potential of plant extracts, when used.

Parasitic weeds can cause considerable damage to crops. Striga and Orobanche are notorious root parasites in agriculture. After a period of temperature-dependent dry storage after-ripening and a short period of imbibition conditioning the seeds can germinate.


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Seeds require the near proximity of a host in order to germinate; signals leaching from the host root trigger germination. During conditioning metabolism is active in a characteristic pattern. Striga seeds can enter secondary dormancy with a cyclical pattern of dormancy release if germination does not occur Smith and Van Staden, Some of the signals from host roots that trigger germination have been identified—dihydrosorgoleone, sorgolactone, and alectrol.

Surprisingly, another powerful inductor of germination, strigol, is produced by a nonhost plant, cotton. There are several synthetic strigol analogs, of which GR24 is a compound with virtually the same stimulating properties as strigol.

Allelopathy: Chemistry and Mode of Action of Allelochemicals - CRC Press Book

As mentioned previously, ethylene is involved in germination, stimulated by host root exudates and GR24 Logan and Stewart, Several exogenous germination stimulants also increase germination of Striga and Orobanche. It has been hypothesized that host-derived germination stimulants have a primary role as allelochemicals and that root parasites have evolved to use these signals as germination triggers Lynn and Chang, Several strategies have been tested to control the germination and growth of these parasitic weeds.


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Of these, trap crops false hosts inducing germination while getting minor or no infection , catch crops susceptible hosts that catch the viable parasitic seeds , and artificial germinators, such as injecting the soil with ethylene, have been used in the field with varying success. Kulasekaran Ramesh, in Advances in Agronomy , Allelopathic cover crops and crop rotation could provide some degree of weed control, but the total management might require herbicide usage.

An understanding of the weed species shifts whether it was due to succession or temporary fluctuation could be of help Ball and Miller, Unfortunately, our first and often only response to weed infestations was to kill them with chemicals Harker and Clayton, In NT, appropriate herbicide was indispensable and dosage and timing are the other deciding factors.

The weed species shift could result in the emergence of tolerant weeds also. Studies by Bachthaler on the effects of direct drilling in 6- and 4-year field trials in wheat, barley, and oats revealed that ZT combined with herbicides have decreased the population of dicotyledonous weed species.


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On the other hand, the population of grassy weeds has increased, particularly Agropyron repens within the cereal rotation in Germany. Thus, minimal cultivation is preferred to ZT because it provided for the effective use of soil herbicides, which required incorporation. The general trends in weed population dynamics have arisen as tillage is reduced are viz. Wherever cover crops were used, desiccation of cover crops too required herbicide usage. Since NT and CT harbor an array of weed populations at the time of sowing of crops, nonselective burndown herbicides such as glyphosate, paraquat etc.

A burn down, herbicide before sowing need to be used to reduce early season Palmer amaranth interference Jha and Norsworthy, Most herbicides used pre-emergent in crops could control germinating weed seeds and may not destroy established perennial plants. Weed management in experiments on cotton planted in Sorghum stubble under CT effectively controlled by Dipropetryn Keeling and Abernathy, If you would like to replace it with a different purchasing option please remove the current eBook option from your cart.

Allelopathy Chemistry and Mode of Action of Allelochemicals. Edited by Francisco A.

Allelopathy

Macias , Juan C. Galindo , Jose M. For Instructors Request Inspection Copy. Add to Wish List. Description Reviews Contents Subjects. Description Most, if not all, books on allelopathy cover the ecological, agronomic, and descriptive physiological aspects.

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