Trends and Issues in Global Tourism 2008

Trends and Issues in Global Tourism Editors; (view affiliations). Roland Conrady; Martin Buck. Trends and Issues in Global Tourism Book.
Table of contents

There are various PESTEL factors that impact sustainable tourism for destinations, the most common from readings done for this report are: However the increase of accessibility and improvement of transportation throughout surrounding regions had a negative impact on the local community as well. The sociocultural impact of the area decreased as locals resented tourists that stayed too long and saw the sustainability plans as destroying the quality of their life.

Trends and issues in global tourism [electronic resource] in SearchWorks catalog

Here it is seen that these regions had great intentions of increasing their sustainability to attract more tourists Appendix III , by making the surrounding regions accessible for travel — but the political party in-charge did not consider the social demands of the host community, neither did it give them an opportunity to get involved in the planned physical improvements. The environment suffered as tourists did not value flora and fauna Gezici as much as they valued levels of foulness such as air pollution. However, such things can cause ecological issues, species loss, biodiversity and critical changes to habitats.

Sustainable Tourism Management is on the increase to the point where universities are incorporating it into their higher education programmes, and in East Carolina University a Centre for Sustainable Tourism was even developed. Also, in Guilin, China, the UNWTO is to carry out a monitoring system for the development of sustainable tourism in this outstanding and beautiful scenic destination Edgell However a sustainable tourism approach is a complex process and requires evaluation of economic, environmental, cultural, heritage and social factors — in order to design the least intrusive form of intervention for efficient and effective results of international tourism for a destination Edgell There have been various reported climate changes and their impacts on tourism: The United Nations climate conference scheduled talks to set new quotas on carbon dioxide and other emissions before Switzerland started building a dam to protect mountain tourist from mudslides as the permafrost melted and shifted due to temperature increase Foulkes , and of their ski resorts are anchored in permafrost.

In the case of Montana in the US Nickerson et al. In this article it states that the Arctic is undergoing significant environmental changes such as retreating sea ice, melting glaciers, thawing permafrost, increasing coastal erosion and shifting vegetation zones — and the impact from one recent study shows that the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free during summer These changes will impact the indigenous people in the region, Arctic species, eco-systems and economic development Brigham There exists a political impact as continued enclosure of the Arctic Seabed by its coastal states Canada, Denmark Greenland Norway, Russia and the US could drive conflicting geopolitics Brigham With increase in access See Appendix VI for marine transportation being an economic benefit see Appendix VII for tourism benefits , there is also the environmental negative effect to the Arctic resources.

The debate that arises is tourism is benefitting, but at what costs to the climate?

SearchWorks Catalog

If the options of exploitation to the marine sea-bed and easy access to the rest of the world were taken advantage of, then the Polar Arctic could suffer great losses environmentally, economically, politically, with struggles for claim, and socioculturally, with the natives feeling intruded upon see Appendix VII for negative impacts. The development of facilities and infrastructure for tourism require public investment, and many festivals and events have mostly evolved from being local to becoming commercialised and promoted as tourist events.


  • .
  • The U.S. Air Service In the Great War: 1917-1919.
  • Services on Demand.
  • Bestselling Series.

The citizens of a destination live with the outcomes and communities should be considered in strategy planning for tourism Murphy Strategic planning for nations include social and economic impacts such as partnering and alliances formed; political impacts of creating policies to create future development of the tourism industry and social and economic links by forming strategies where various tourism products reward their customers with products from another tourism industry — e. According to Williams , West Virginia does a good job promoting and encouraging recreational biking, with a healthy Rails-to-Trails program and an emphasis in its tourism advertising on mountain biking — and this strategy impacts the economy by bringing more cyclist as tourist to the state.

According to Edgell strategic planning for communities: This suggests that strategic planning in tourism cannot have long-term economic, social, political and other PESTEL benefits without the thoughts of the host community of a nation. Siomkos et al put forward that strategic tourism planning should follow these steps firstly: However using the evaluation matrix for Tourist Attractions Technique, the strategy is then formulated.

See Appendix IX for analysis of the features which affect strategic planning. Strategic Tourism Planning concerns anticipating and regulating change to promote development which increases the economic, social, and environmental benefits of the development process.


  • Trends and Issues in Global Tourism 2007!
  • A Little Stranger.
  • .
  • Pagina No Encontrada.
  • Trends and Issues in Global Tourism : Martin Buck : .
  • How to Live to Be 100—and Like It!: A Handbook for the Newly Retired!

For tourism in industrial nations, the goals need to be a compartment of overall community objectives, where it represents one of several activities within the local economies and is affected by seasonality, climate, political uproar, social conditions. An example is the Snowdonia National Park Plan which integrated tourism with the economic and social well-being of locals.

In its objectives it included goals like: Strategic planning for communities and nations should include economic and social benefits for the community, and political, economic and other PESTEL factors for the nation and the tourist — then will it positively impact on international tourism and negate factors that can hamper that process. Conclusion In conclusion, sustainable tourism is in growing demand and its impact on tourists and destinations, awareness and education of climate changes are increasing. Debate over its potential impact on tourism is being more and more researched, and the voices of the communities are making more of an impact in this century as the trend in strategy planning has included the impact on the community in its policies.

The local culture and community needs to be clearly informed, and be given a chance to be involved in improving sustainability, which will increase the social impact of tourism if they are happy Improvements should not just benefit the tourist but the host community. The result would be an increase in the social, cultural and environmental impacts of tourism — as everyone would be satisfied and the environment protected when physical land capabilities are considered. On the issue of climate change, there are many negative impacts of recent climate changes, such as global warming and others, but to combat it governments should support awareness campaigns and put facilities in place to combat things like emissions of toxic gases.

Current trends in the global tourism industry. In response to current economic, social, and political realities, the current trends in the travel and tourism industry are: By the year , tourism will be the world's largest industry. Travel and tourism is the third largest retail industry in the U. However, there has been a significant change in the industry since , with various sectors of the industry struggling and adjusting to the future marketplace. Americans suffer from "time poverty" - the generalized sense that people do not have enough time to do what they want.

Americans work an average of nine full weeks hours more per year than their European counterparts see table 1. Americans work longer hours than medieval peasants did. According to a national survey by the University of Michigan's Survey Research Center, nearly one in five workers now spends more than 50 hours per week at work. The Survey Research Center also found that students spend eight hours more a week in school than kids did 20 years ago, and homework time has nearly doubled.

Unlike other countries, the U. Australians have four weeks off by law, the Europeans four and five weeks, the Japanese two weeks. Expedia research shows that Americans, with an average of 12 vacation days per year, leave a total of million vacation days unused. Since people have less free time, there is greater competition for those rare leisure hours. For instance, museums and attractions continue to expand and multiply while attendance is shrinking. Cruise lines continue expanding with new and larger cruises to far-reaching exotic ports. All this results in more to do and less time in which to do it.

This is one of the top trends underlying the travel and tourism industry. Fragile consumer confidence affecting travel decisions. Consumers' assessment of present-day conditions continues to grow more negative, suggesting that the economy remains stuck in low gear. Looking ahead, consumers' economic outlook is so bleak that the Expectation Index has reached a new all-time low. Perhaps the silver lining to this otherwise dismal report is that Consumer Confidence may be nearing a bottom www. The record highest level was Soaring fuel costs affecting every aspect of travel - an enormous challenge for the travel industry.

The skyrocketing price of fuel could "devastate" the airline industry and hurt the economy. The failure of just one airline could disrupt travel for , to , daily passengers and cause between 30, and 75, immediate job losses TIA Facts and Information. Small and mid-size cities now served mainly by seat regional jets might see dramatic cuts resulting in challenges for recruiting conventions, new factories, and corporate offices.

Managers cited travelers taking trips closer to home, taking fewer trips, and reducing the number of vacation days traveled as the top ways that Americans are adjusting their travel plans. Frustrations with the airline industry spurred air travelers to avoid 41 million trips last year according to a report by the Travel Industry Association TIA. The research, conducted by polling firms Peter D. Airline delays, cancellations and inefficient security screenings were the aspects of flight that travelers found most irritating.

The TIA also points to the wider implications of this kind of trip avoidance: According to the American Customer Satisfaction Index, the hotel business has received its lowest industry-wide rating since It has become more desirable just to stay home. According to their data, consumers conducting travel research planning outnumber those booking online two-to-one. Also, one out of every four people online visits social networking sites such as TripAdvisor. According to the YPartnership's Travel Monitor Study, one out of five travelers have used a "blog" to read a review about a travel service provider.

Also, while use of the internet has stabilized, the number of consumers buying online travel is still growing. RTM predicts this consumer-to-consumer style of travel information sourcing will be one of the largest trends to affect the travel and tourism industry in the near future. Simply put, the consumer is now in control of tourism marketing. Slight growth and vigilant cost containment.

The growth of business travel will be slower. Businesses have cut back on travel and instead rely on less expensive communications capabilities such as webcasts and videoconferences.


  • Threads of Darkness.
  • Youth and Coping in Twelve Countries: Surveys of 18-20 Year-old Young People (Routledge Research Int.
  • Emergency Golf: How to survive your first rounds?

Geotourism, an emerging sector in tourism, is defined as tourism that sustains or enhances the geographical character of a place being visited - its environment, culture, and heritage. American travelers are choosing more rural and out-of-the-way destinations, focusing in part on cultural, historic and natural resources. The report divides geotourists into three segments: They share an intellectual curiosity as reflected in their well-above average tendencies to participate in a number of educationally-and culturally-oriented activities in their local communities.

They also share more highly developed social consciences, engaging in pro-environment behaviors at home and more actively supporting environmental and cultural organizations through donations of time and money than the other segments. The aging population is not just a U. Matures travel but limit spending, looking for value and freebies. Baby boomers are entering their sixties. Travel tops the list of desired retirement activities as retirees seek luxury, fulfillment, bragging rights, and comfort.

Generation X is becoming a driving force in multigenerational travel and is also entering peak earning years. Generation Y "slaves to the screen" tends to stay at home, preferring to spend on electronics. However, a growing and more diverse student population is traveling at higher rates and at earlier ages, taking more expensive trips, using technology, demanding more from their travel experience, and selecting destinations further away than those of previous generations.

The M generation - the "M" stands for multitasking and mobile - is the generation that has grown up with the iPod, text messaging on their cell phones, and other forms of continuous and instant communication. The M Generation demands reinvented travel. More demand by all travel segments for orientation and facilitation.

Time poverty underpins this trend. Regardless of the type of traveler business, leisure, meeting, etc.

Top Authors

They want someone or something that gives them instant and easy information. Online concierge services such as travelnewyork. Terrorism, weather, natural disasters, Avian Flu etc. The travel industry has learned hard lessons recently about the need to prepare for disasters, including terrorist attacks, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, wild fires, SARS and the Avian Flu.

Airlines, airports, hotels, theme parks, and cruise lines are all working to be prepared for the next disaster. DMOs are now advised to maintain months of operating revenues in case of disaster. According to the Gale Group, there are more than , family reunions in the U. Parents who travel to attend games represent a growing sub-segment of the sports travel segment.

According to the TIA, more than 52 million Americans attended an organized sports event, competition, or tournament as either a spectator or participant while traveling. A growth of 4. There are a number of factors that will continue to strengthen international travel in general and travel to the United States in particular, helping reverse noticeable declines in arrivals from many major inbound markets from earlier years. First, strong economic growth in most regions - spurred by continued expansion in China, renewed signs of life in some of the Eurozone's core economies, and low interest rates around the world - will generate increases in business and leisure travel.

Trends and Issues in Global Tourism 2012

Furthermore, the strong performance of a number of major currencies relative to the U. Stimulating the tourism industry: The United States needs to work diligently to support sectors of the economy such as the tourism industry. First, the federal government should do the following: Leave tourism promotion to the private sector. Tourism promotion and advertising are private-sector functions. With decades of experience in the business, private-sector companies know the best methods for promoting tourism;.