Free download.
Book file PDF easily for everyone and every device.
You can download and read online Self-Discovery A Daily Journey:Positioned to Prosper Journal file PDF Book only if you are registered here.
And also you can download or read online all Book PDF file that related with Self-Discovery A Daily Journey:Positioned to Prosper Journal book.
Happy reading Self-Discovery A Daily Journey:Positioned to Prosper Journal Bookeveryone.
Download file Free Book PDF Self-Discovery A Daily Journey:Positioned to Prosper Journal at Complete PDF Library.
This Book have some digital formats such us :paperbook, ebook, kindle, epub, fb2 and another formats.
Here is The CompletePDF Book Library.
It's free to register here to get Book file PDF Self-Discovery A Daily Journey:Positioned to Prosper Journal Pocket Guide.
I really loved this journal! It really inspired me to get back into writing again. I'm a visual person so if can see myself on paper than it becomes much more.
Table of contents
- Morning Preconference Workshops
- Horizon Healthcare Treatment Centers in Prosper, TX
- Afternoon Preconference Workshops
- PROSPER Magazine | June by Cedarbrook Media Group, LLC - Issuu
Advanced Search.
Morning Preconference Workshops
Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume E-mail: rdudai yahoo. Oxford Academic. Google Scholar.
- Journals Of Expeditions Of Discovery Into Central Australia?
- The hero’s journey through the landscape of the future.
- A biblical and story-based exploration of hope!
- AN EVALUATION OF THE REASONS WHY ZIMBABWEAN FIRMS ARE FAILING TO FULLY COMPLY WITH IFRSs (2)?
- Legend of Isis Black Scorpion Crossover.
- Committed to Him.
Select Format Select format. Permissions Icon Permissions. Issue Section:. You do not currently have access to this article. The Karankawa were historically one of the most powerful American Indian peoples in early Texas, but by the s, their numbers had been so reduced that they were considered to be extinct. Conscience-stricken by the abuse of American Indians at the hands of Spanish conquistadors, he crusaded on the native peoples' behalf for over five decades. In , de las Casas participated in a debate in Oaxaca, Mexico, where he argued for the American Indians' right to be treated as individuals with dignity and against the Spanish efforts to convert native peoples to both the Catholic faith and the Spanish culture.
His blistering work in , A Brief Report on the Destruction of the Indians, convinced King Charles V to outlaw the conversion practices, but riots among land holders in New Spain Mexico convinced authorities not to make any changes in their treatment of American Indians. Finding gold was one objective of Spanish colonization in North America. Various historical accounts describe the soldiers' astonishment at the Texas landscape, including Palo Duro Canyon, and the huge, hump-backed cows buffalo that roamed the grasslands.
Coronado never found any gold in the Panhandle, and the expedition returned to Mexico in Hernando de Soto led an exploration of the Gulf Coast area from until his death in present-day Arkansas in This expedition marked the first European crossing of the Mississippi River. Opinions differ as to the exact route the Moscoso expedition took through Texas, but recent scholarship suggests that they traveled south from East Texas toward present-day Nacogdoches and then into the Hill Country before turning back toward the Mississippi River in Arkansas.
Oil springs and tar pits were known to the Texas Indians. They used the oozings to treat rheumatism and skin diseases. Oil was also seen by the Spanish explorers as early as July , when members of the De Soto expedition saw oil floating in the water near Sabine Pass and used it to caulk their boats. Later, settlers used surface oil for axel grease and for lighting and fuel.
Image courtesy of U. Geological Survey. The ships, including six armed vessels, carried cargo and were headed to various parts of the world including New Spain Mexico and the Indies. On April 29, , three ships were wrecked in a storm on Padre Island, near present-day Port Mansfield. In the s and s, excavation efforts retrieved thousands of artifacts such as cannons, silver coins, gold bullion, astrolabes, and tools from the wreckage of the San Esteban and the Espiritu Santo. The third sunken ship, the Santa Maria de Yclar , was destroyed during ship channel construction in the s.
Horizon Healthcare Treatment Centers in Prosper, TX
The Spanish missionary system was intended to convert American Indians to Christianity and teach them how to live according to Spanish ways. Missionaries often accompanied conquistadors on their explorations in North America. The first missionaries passed through far west Texas in on their way to the pueblos of New Mexico.
Though unsuccessful in establishing a colony among the Pueblo people, Spanish conquistador Antonio de Espejo left a valuable account of his encounters with the Jumano people of Texas's Big Bend area in to The Jumano were trading partners of the Spanish for almost two centuries before famine and war sent their population into a steep decline. They were so grateful to have survived the journey that they held what some believe was the first "thanksgiving" feast in what would become the United States.
Afternoon Preconference Workshops
With this act, the foundation was laid for two centuries of Spanish control of Texas and the American southwest. Spanish conquistadors first crossed Texas in search of gold in New Mexico. By , the Spanish had established a capital at Santa Fe. Their primary goals were to convert the American Indians to Christianity and to teach them to live according to Spanish culture. The Spanish crown commissioned Franciscan friars to establish missions.
PROSPER Magazine | June by Cedarbrook Media Group, LLC - Issuu
From the pueblos of New Mexico, a few priests began to venture into West Texas. Her visions were regarded as religious miracles. She was known as the "Woman in Blue" because of her blue Franciscan clothing. In , they traveled to evangelize the Jumanos. They were unable to supply or defend the outpost, and after six months, they were forced to abandon the mission. This arrow point is believed to be of Jumano origin. The Jumano might have been the first "brokers" in Texas history.
The migratory Jumano, whose massive territory stretched from northern Mexico to eastern New Mexico to west Texas, were renowned by other American Indians and Europeans alike for their trading and communication skills. These expert middlemen helped establish trade routes as wells as information and diplomatic relationships among Texas's American Indians and Spanish and French settlements in the 17th century. Drawing of a Jumano man by Frank Weir.
Franciscans traveling through La Junta in performed the first Catholic mass in Texas. In , Franciscans established a mission, but they were expelled after just two years. In , the Pueblo people rose up, killed Spanish colonizers, and drove the remaining 2, Spanish out of New Mexico. The village of El Paso became the base of Spanish operations for the next 12 years. The Tonkawa were a group of American Indians that banded together in the 18th century in the central Texas area.
The word "tonkawa" is a Waco American Indian term meaning "they all stay together. The Tonkawa had frequent contact with Spanish explorers and took part in Spanish mission life. Epidemics, buffalo scarcity, and conflicts with other American Indians as well as the Spanish decreased the Tonkawa population throughout the 18th century. By the late 19th century, most of the remaining Tonkawa had moved to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma.
In and , the people of La Junta near present-day Presidio petitioned for missionaries to return to their area. By , these missions were abandoned. The Spanish began making entradas into Texas in the s. They intended to explore and expand into the far reaches of Spanish territory in order to buffer any encroachment from the French. From to , the Spanish led roughly seven expeditions from Mexico to Texas. These early explorers brought cattle, sheep, and goats to the Texas frontier. By , the Spanish realized the need to defend Texas against the French and blazed a network of trails from Mexico City to Louisiana.
By , both missions were abandoned. Historians have generally identified the Coahuiltecans as an American Indian group formed from smaller groups of American Indian hunter-gatherers who spoke related languages and shared similar cultures. In Texas, Coahuiltecans were located in the south along the Gulf Coast. Prickly pear cactus, buffalo, and game were staples in their diet. As with many early American Indian groups, information about the Coahuiltecans is sparse. Historians believe that by the 18th century, the Coahuiltecans had largely lost their group identity through death, migration, and displacement.
Missionaries occupied the sites sporadically until the end of the Spanish era in Texas. On May 1, , the Spanish established a mission-presidio complex approximately midway between the Rio Grande Valley and the missions of East Texas. This was the founding of the city of San Antonio, the most significant Texas settlement of the Spanish era. The mission of San Antonio de Valero, later known as the Alamo, was moved to its present location in The Franciscans turned new attention to East Texas beginning in They established a mission along the Neches River and built three additional missions in Nacogdoches County.
In , French troops attacked a nearby Louisiana mission in an event known to history as the Chicken War because it was little more than a raid on a henhouse. Nonetheless, the Spanish withdrew from East Texas for two years. The Spanish brought cattle to New Spain soon after they began colonization in the s. The first cattle arrived in Texas in the s. By the s, missionaries were operating cattle ranches around San Antonio and Goliad.
Ranching in Texas originated near San Antonio and Goliad in the s. As the missions continued to fade into decline, individual ranchers became prominent due to generous land grants received from the Spanish Crown. One large ranch resulted from the Cavazos land grant, which was a sprawling 4, acres. The East Texas missions were difficult to supply, staff, and defend, and most lasted only a few years. In , three missions were relocated from East Texas to the site of present-day Austin.
The following year, the missions were moved further south to San Antonio.