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If you look at the motion of all of the matter in the universe and “run time In addition (and this is what makes it real science) the metric Notice that there's nothing special about our location, every point in the universe experiences the same thing. Q: Why does “curved space-time” cause gravity?: A better.
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Large stars explode over time, blasting these elements into space.

This matter then condenses into the stars, planets, and satellites that make up solar systems like our own. How do we know the Big Bang happened?

The first second, and the birth of light

Astrophysicists have uncovered a great deal of compelling evidence over the past hundred years to support the Big Bang theory. Among this evidence is the observation that the universe is expanding. By looking at light emitted by distant galaxies, scientists have found that these galaxies are rapidly moving away from our galaxy, the Milky Way. An explosion like the Big Bang, which sent matter flying outward from a point, explains this observation.

Did you know that the static on your television is caused by radiation left over from the Big Bang?

Another critical discovery was the observation of low levels of microwaves throughout space. Astronomers believe these microwaves, whose temperature is about degrees Celsius, are the remnants of the extremely high-temperature radiation produced by the Big Bang. Interestingly, astronomers can get an idea of how hot the universe used to be by looking at very distant clouds of gas through high-power telescopes. Because light from these clouds can take billions of years to reach our telescopes, we see such bodies as they appeared eons ago.

Lo and behold, these ancient clouds of gas seem to be hotter than younger clouds. Scientists have also been able to uphold the Big Bang theory by measuring the relative amounts of different elements in the universe.

What Is the Big Bang Theory? | Space

Separately, gravitational waves have been confirmed when talking about the movements and collisions of black holes that are a few tens of masses larger than our sun. As LIGO becomes more sensitive, it is anticipated that discovering black hole-related gravitational waves will be a fairly frequent event. The universe is not only expanding, but getting faster as it inflates. This means that with time, nobody will be able to spot other galaxies from Earth, or any other vantage point within our galaxy. What that means is that even light won't be able to bridge the gap that's being opened between that galaxy and us.

There's no way for extraterrestrials on that galaxy to communicate with us, to send any signals that will reach us, once their galaxy is moving faster than light relative to us. Some physicists also suggest that the universe we experience is just one of many. In the "multiverse" model, different universes would coexist with each other like bubbles lying side by side. The theory suggests that in that first big push of inflation, different parts of space-time grew at different rates. This could have carved off different sections — different universes — with potentially different laws of physics.

Guth is not affiliated with that study. But most models of inflation do lead to a multiverse, and evidence for inflation will be pushing us in the direction of taking [the idea of a] multiverse seriously.

G-DRAGON - THAT XX (그 XX) M/V

While we can understand how the universe we see came to be, it's possible that the Big Bang was not the first inflationary period the universe experienced. Some scientists believe we live in a cosmos that goes through regular cycles of inflation and deflation, and that we just happen to be living in one of these phases. Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more!

And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: community space. The small universe inflated by a large amount and the part of the universe you can observe appears to be nearly flat. That solves the flatness problem. The horizon problem is solved by inflation because regions that appear to be isolated from each other were in contact with each other before the inflation period.

They came into equilibrium before inflation expanded them far away from each other. Another bonus is that the GUTs that predict inflation also predict an asymmetry between matter and antimatter, so that there should be an excess of matter over antimatter.

What Is the Big Bang Theory?

The inflation theory might also explain where the ripples in the microwave background the " galaxy seeds " come from. Recall in an earlier section about the very early universe that matter-antimatter can change to energy and energy can change back to matter-antimatter. The laws of physics that deal with the very small scales of atoms, sub-atomic particles, etc. It turns out that these quantum fluctuations can occur if they happen quickly enough to not be noticed the greater the energy-matter fluctuation, the quicker the fluctuation must occur.

Therefore, even in perfectly empty space complete vacuum , there is a seething froth of fluctuations at very tiny scales, a vacuum energy matter-antimatter virtual particles spontaneously appearing and then annihilating each other too quickly for us to detect. Although virtual particles-quantum foam might seem a bit too fanciful to put it kindly , these virtual particles do produce measurable effects such as: In an atom, the appearance of electron-positron virtual particles will alter the orbit of the real electron orbiting the nucleus altering the energy levels which can be measured with very sensitive, precise equipment.

The measured energy levels agree with those predicted by quantum if virtual particles are taken into account. Extra forces generated between close metal plates the "Casimir Effect" can be explained by the presence of more virtual particles on either side of the plates than in the gap between the plates. Collisions of real particles and real antiparticles in high-energy particle accelerators can supply energy to the vacuum and cause other particle-antiparticles to appear.

Now back to inflation. The quantum fluctuations in the very early universe could have been the galaxy seeds, but they would have been much too small to be the ripples we see in the cosmic microwave background. Before inflation that is! The super-rapid growth of the universe during inflation would have stretched the fluctuations to much larger sizeslarge enough to create the ripples in the microwave background that eventually became enhanced to form galaxies under the action of gravity over billions of years.

Although the current versions of inflation theory cannot answer all of the questions about the large-scale structures of our universe, they do predict a particular distribution of the ripple sizes in the microwave background that is consistent with the results from the high-altitude balloon experiments, the WMAP mission, and the Planck mission. The distribution of the ripples peaks at an angular size of one degree on the sky and the temperature varies by about 1 part in , as predicted by inflation.


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