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Table of contents
- The Ancient World - Roman and Saxon London
- MOST POPULAR
- Early Britain, The Romans, The Anglo-Saxons, The Vikings, The Norman Conquest
- About Citadel of the Saxons
- BBC - History : British History Timeline
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He later brought Guthrum to terms and created a settlement that divided England. Alfred and Wessex retained the west, while the east between the Thames and Tees rivers was to be Viking territory - later known as the 'Danelaw' - where English and Danish Vikings were equal in law. Alfred, king of Wessex, was the only English ruler to earn the moniker 'the Great'.
At the time of his death, his kingdom was the only English realm that had preserved its independence from the Vikings. Under his son, Edward the Elder, the armies of Wessex began the conquest of the rest of England from the Vikings. She built fortresses and pushed into the territory of the Danes Vikings.
The Ancient World - Roman and Saxon London
Leicester submitted to her without a fight. She died just after receiving a formal offer of allegiance from the men of Yorkshire. At the beginning of the 10th century, Ireland suffered a fresh wave of Viking raids. Niall was slain along with 12 other kings. Olaf Guthfrithson was king of the Dublin Vikings and commanded a large fleet. He joined with the kings of Strathclyde and the Scots to invade England. No one knows where Brunanburh is, but the sources all agree that Athelstan of Wessex, with an army of West Saxons and Mercians, inflicted a crushing defeat on the invaders.
Athelstan, king of Wessex, pushed the boundaries of his kingdom to their furthest extent, until he could rightfully be described as the king of England. The five Welsh kings submitted to a huge annual tribute and he also subdued Cornwall. In AD, he defeated a combined invasion force at the Battle of Brunanburh. He was buried in Malmesbury Abbey. Edmund succeeded his half-brother Athelstan, as king of England in AD. He had taken part in the Battle of Brunanburh, in which an invasion by Dublin Vikings, Welsh and Scots was crushed, and continued his brother's struggle with Olaf Guthfrithson, leader of the Dublin Vikings.
He was at the royal manor of Pucklechurch Gloucestershire when he tried to stop a brawl among his men and was killed. Hywel Dda 'the Good' became king in Dyfed at some time before AD, and he appears in English accounts as a supporter of the English kings. He managed to annex the kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys, and cemented his reputation as one of the greatest Welsh kings of the period by beginning the written codification of Welsh law that went by his name.
He was welcomed by Athelstan, king of Wessex, who wanted Eric to protect his kingdom from Scots and Irish invaders. A hard and despotic ruler, Eric reputedly killed many of his brothers in disputes.
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His rule was repeatedly contested by Viking rivals, until he was eventually driven out of Northumbria and killed as he fled north. Dunstan AD was an English monk who had already been abbot of Glastonbury, and bishop of Worcester and London, when he was appointed to the most senior position in the English church by Edgar, king of England. He led Edgar's reforms of the church, known as the '10th-Century Reformation'. Few English churchmen have been so influential.
Dunstan was made a saint. Edgar ruled England from to AD, but it was not until AD - two years before his death - that he organised a solemn coronation and anointing. Afterwards he took his fleet to Chester, where six kings promised to serve him. A later tradition pictures these kings rowing him down the River Dee. They included the kings of the Scots, of the Strathclyde Britons, and of Gwynedd. Edgar of England had two sons, and the elder, Edward, succeeded him in AD.
Edward's body was buried at the convent of Shaftesbury, and miracles were witnessed at the tomb.
Early Britain, The Romans, The Anglo-Saxons, The Vikings, The Norman Conquest
The poem describes how a chief magistrate named Byrhtnoth died, and how his followers gave their lives to avenge him. Finally he led a large-scale invasion and received the submission of the men of the Danelaw an area in the east of England where Vikings and English had equality under the law and then of the south. The death of Swein of Denmark in was a temporary upset to the ambitions of his son Cnut Canute in England.
His son Edmund Ironside made a truce with Cnut in which they agreed to divide the kingdom between them. Edmund died shortly afterwards and Cnut became king of the whole country. Three years later he became king of Denmark as well.
About Citadel of the Saxons
In , three kings ruled in the area of modern Scotland: Alba in the north, Lothian in the south-east and Strathclyde in the south-west. Malcolm then annexed Lothian from England and became the first king of a united Scotland, with boundaries approximately the same as the present day. He ruled until his death in The rebel Macbeth's victory over Duncan was followed by a long and relatively successful reign, which seems to have born little relation to the events portrayed in William Shakespeare's play 'Macbeth'.
Macbeth and his wife had a reputation for piety, and in he went on pilgrimage to Rome. Edward II was better known as 'the Confessor' because of his extreme piety. He introduced more regular cultural and political contact with the continent than England had previously experienced, and the Norman influence in the English court increased during this period.
Edward the Confessor's reign was dominated by the ambitions of his father-in-law and most powerful nobleman, Earl Godwin of Wessex. The earl and his family played a significant role in defending the kingdom and in pacifying the Welsh borders, but in their quarrels with Edward's authority provoked him into exiling the entire family. They returned the following year, and in Godwin's son Harold acceded to the earldom of Wessex. Harold, earl of Wessex, was crowned king of England on 6 January , the same day as the funeral of his predecessor, Edward the Confessor.
He was immediately faced with powerful threats from William, duke of Normandy, and Harold Hardrada, king of Norway, both of whom laid claim to the English throne. Search term:. Read more. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets CSS enabled.
While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. But this apparent stability was short lived. By the 9th century, Lundenwic's wealth attracted the unwanted attentions of the Danish Vikings. From onwards, they sailed up the Thames and attacked with alarming regularity.
BBC - History : British History Timeline
Only nine years after a particularly bloody raid in , a terrifying convoy of longboats attacked London and burned it to the ground. By , the 'great heathen army' had set up camp for the winter in the city. The Vikings had total control of London. But in , they were forced to give the south of the country back to Alfred of Wessex and recognise him as King of all England.
London was back in Saxon hands. That didn't stop the Danish raids, however, and on Christmas Day , King Alfred the Great abandoned undefended Lundenwic and relocated within the protection of the old Roman walls.