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And despite its slipshod fact-checking and occasional lapses into race-related farce and melodrama, Ten Years on a Georgia Plantation since the War is a fascinating and essential look into both the material and conceptional identity of the Georgia planter aristocracy after the War Between the States.
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The Granite Railway was among many sights which she recorded in her journal. Kemble returned to her acting career as a solo platform performer beginning her first American tour in During her readings she rose to focus her work on the presentation of edited works of Shakespeare, although unlike others she insisted on providing a representation of his entire canon, ultimately building her repertoire to twenty-five of his plays.

She performed in both Britain and the United States, concluding her career as a platform performer in By the time the couple's daughters, Sarah and Frances, were born, Butler had inherited three of his grandfather's plantations on Butler Island, just south of Darien, Georgia, and the hundreds of people who were enslaved on them. The family visited Georgia during the winter of —39, where they lived at the plantations at Butler and St.

Simons islands, in conditions primitive compared to their house in Philadelphia. Kemble was shocked by the living and working conditions of the slaves and their treatment at the hands of the overseers and managers. She tried to improve conditions [ clarification needed ] and complained to her husband about slavery , and about the mixed-race slave children attributed to the overseer, Roswell King, Jr.

When the family returned to Philadelphia in the spring of , Kemble and her husband were suffering marital tensions. In addition to their disagreements over treatment of the slave families at Butler's plantations, Kemble was "embittered and embarrassed" by Butler's marital infidelities. In , Kemble returned to the stage in the United States, as she needed to make a living following her separation. Following her father's example, she appeared with much success as a Shakespearean reader rather than acting in plays.

She toured the United States. The couple endured a bitter and protracted divorce in , with Butler retaining custody of their two daughters. At that time, with divorce rare, the father was customarily awarded custody in the patriarchal society. Other than brief visitations, Kemble was not reunited with her daughters until each came of age at He was saved from bankruptcy by his sale on 2—3 March of the people he held in slavery.

As such, it was covered by national reporters. Following the American Civil War , Butler tried to run his plantations with free labour, but he could not make a profit.

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He died of malaria in Georgia in Neither Butler nor Kemble ever remarried. Kemble's success as a Shakespearean reader enabled her to buy a home in Lenox, Massachusetts. Kemble used her maiden name and lived there until her death. During this period, she was a prominent and popular figure in London society. She became a great friend of the American writer Henry James during her later years.

His novel, Washington Square , was based upon a story Kemble had told him concerning one of her relatives. She also published a volume of poems She published the first volume of her memoirs, entitled Journal , in , shortly after her marriage to Butler.


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In , she published another volume in both the United States and Great Britain. Entitled Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in , it included her observations of slavery and life on her husband's Southern plantation in the winter of — Following her separation from Butler in the s, Kemble traveled in Italy. She wrote a book based on this time, A Year of Consolation , in two volumes. Her various volumes of reminiscences contain much valuable material illuminating the social and theatrical history of the period. She also published Notes on Some of Shakespeare's Plays , based on her long experience in acting and reading his works.

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They had one child, Owen Wister , who grew up to become a popular American novelist, writing the popular western novel The Virginian. Fanny's other daughter Frances met James Leigh in Georgia. He was a minister born in England. The couple married in Their one child, Alice Leigh, was born in They tried to operate Frances' father's plantations with free labour, but could not make a profit.

Leaving Georgia in , they moved permanently to England. Frances Butler Leigh defended her father in the continuing postwar dispute over slavery as an institution. Based on her experience, Leigh published Ten Years on a Georgian Plantation since the War , a rebuttal to her mother's account.

While Kemble's account of the plantations has been criticized, it is considered notable for giving voice to the enslaved black people and especially enslaved black women, and has been relied on by many historians. In the early twenty-first century, historians Catherine Clinton [ citation needed ] [ need quotation to verify ] and Deirdre David have studied Kemble's Journal and raised questions [ citation needed ] [ need quotation to verify ] about her portrayal of Roswell King, father and son, who successively managed Pierce Butler's plantations, and Kemble's own racial sentiments.

On Kemble's racial views, David notes that while she sometimes described Black slaves as stupid, lazy and filthy, as well as finding them ugly, such views were common at the time and fully compatible with opposition to slavery and outrage at its cruelties.


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But she criticized Maxwell as "a female fiend" because a slave named Sophy told her that Mrs. King ordered the flogging of Judy and Scylla "of whose children Mr.


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    • K[ing] was the father. King had resigned due to "growing uneasiness. Before arriving in Georgia, Kemble had written, "It is notorious, that almost every Southern planter has a family more or less numerous of illegitimate coloured children. In some cases, these individuals relied on hearsay accounts of their paternity although European ancestry was visible. The mulatto Renty, for example, "ashamed" to ask his mother about the identity of his father, believed he was the son of Roswell King, Jr. C[ouper]'s children told me so, and I 'spect they know it.

    Simon's Island, had had marked disagreements with the Roswell Kings in the past. It was the largest single slave auction in United States history, earning it the moniker of "The Great Slave Auction". Amongst the slaves and their descendants it also went by another, more evocative name, "The Weeping Time" — an allusion to the incessant rains that poured from start to finish, seen as heaven weeping, and also, no doubt, to the tears of the families ripped apart.

    Ten Years on a Georgia Plantation Since the War : Frances Butler Leigh :

    Although the organisers said they'd not break up families, it soon proved a hollow promise. The subtitle "A Sequel to Mrs Kemble's Journal", refers to the book penned by Fanny Kemble, a noted British actress and wife to Pierce Mease Butler though divorced by the time of the auction , who produced one of the most detailed accounts of a slave plantation in her Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation As The Atlantic notes in an excellent article about the auction:.

    Explore our selection of fine art prints, all custom made to the highest standards, framed or unframed, and shipped to your door. Search The Public Domain Review. The event wasn't just notable because of the size of the auction. In the country was on the verge of a national bloodbath, and the historic threads that weave through the story of the Weeping Time are so far-reaching and remarkable, it's perplexing that more hasn't been written or remembered about this time. Medium Books.

    Theme Politics.

    Ten Years on a Georgia Plantation Since the War - War College Series

    Type Non-fiction. Epoch 19th Century. If You Liked This….