Guide Indian Tribes of Eastern Peru

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Publication date: Topics: Indians of South America -- Peru, Indians of South America -- Languages Peru. Publisher: Cambridge, Mass.
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He seemed happy to see me as he burst into the clearing, and presented me with a turtle he had just caught. I felt lucky to be able to spend time with him in this extraordinary place caught between two worlds.

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One of my guides could understand the Mastanahua language and so I was able to learn about the uncontacted members of the tribe. A lot of the places I visited were extremely remote, and I spent a lot of time travelling by canoe, stopping off for the night in indigenous villages or camping on the banks of rivers or in palm-leaf huts.

One night, as I was trying to sleep on the riverbank, I could hear the splash of caiman entering the river.


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Their eyes glowed red in my torchlight. We had seen a jaguar crossing the river earlier in the day and I was convinced it was lurking in the dense jungle, just metres behind me. On my journey to the upper reaches of the Piedras River I stayed in an indigenous Yine village. Uncontacted tribes have been seen along this river more often than anywhere else in the region, particularly the Mashco-Piro tribe. On my first morning with the Yine I arranged a meeting with the whole community and explained that I wanted to record the testimonies of anyone who had seen the uncontacted tribes.

Rommel, one member of the village, had seen them and told me what he witnessed. They had long hair down to their shoulders and they fastened it around their foreheads. Their faces were painted red with achiote.

Possibly Panoan

They were painted all over their bodies, too. It was in this Yine village that I tried the infamous masato, a fermented drink made from manioc. It was prepared by the women in a massive vat and stirred with what looked like a canoe paddle. The first time I tried it I was calling in on a small community of eight Yine families early in the morning. The masato was presented to me in a plastic blue bowl.

Last Indians of the Amazon

They are some of the most isolated people on earth, a small civilisation which has spent its entire history cut off from the rest of the world by thousands of miles of wilderness, learning to eke an existence from the plants and creatures of the Amazon rainforest. Now they face a grave threat.

Fears are growing about the future of one of the world's last un-contacted tribes, amid claims by a British human rights organisation that the government of Peru is planning to re-write strict laws supposed to protect their remote jungle territory. The community was discovered in , when it was spotted by a conservationist flying over rainforest near the country's north-eastern border with Brazil.

Footage showed them brandishing weapons and staring at the unfamiliar machine in the sky. Three years later, the still-unnamed community is the subject of a diplomatic row amid allegations officials plan to quietly abolish the Murunahua Reserve, which was set up to prevent indigenous groups from coming into contact with outsiders. Survival International says Peru's government plans to allow loggers to begin exploiting valuable mahogany and oil resources within the 1.

That would spell disaster for the tribe, since "first contact" usually results in the death of between 50 and 80 per cent of a population — because they have no immunity to diseases which are relatively common elsewhere. When illegal loggers and ranchers discover tribes on land they intend to exploit, they often seek to drive them away by any means. Within a few years of oil prospectors making contact with the Nahua tribe in south-east Peru the early s, more than half of the tribe's people had died from diseases brought in by the prospectors.

A different but no less tragic fate befell the Akuntsu tribe in Brazil. When the government made contact in , they discovered that cattle ranchers had massacred almost the entire tribe. Only five Akuntsu people now remain.

Survival International, which campaigns on behalf of indigenous peoples across the world, says that Peru's indigenous affairs department, INDEPA, is planning to abolish the Murunahua Reserve "because it does not believe there are uncontacted tribes living there". The department believes they are on the Brazilian side of the border, claims Survival. In February, they saw long-lens footage shot from another aircraft. On the show, Sir David Attenborough explained that it showed some of the first-ever footage of a small community, apparently wearing orange body paint. As the plane flew over treetops a kilometre away from their settlement, and very much inside Peru, viewers were told that the indigenous people "remind us it's possible to live in a different way In a statement accusing the Peruvian authorities of reneging on previous commitments to protect the now high-profile tribe, Survival's director, Stephen Corry, said they had "cynically" paved the way for the reserve to be abolished, by turning a blind eye to recent illegal intrusions.

Last Indians of the Amazon | World news | The Guardian

A recent investigation by the US- based Upper Amazon Conservancy found five illegal logging camps inside the Murunahua. Survival says it heard of the threat to the tribe's reserve from partner organisations in north-eastern Peru. Its claims have, however, been vigorously denied by the country's government, which issued a statement saying "we have in no way even considered" abolishing laws protecting the area.

Peru's government is locked in a long-running battle with indigenous rights groups. In , several tribes began blockading roads and holding public protests against plans to open up their homelands to oil and gas exploration. The row burst on to the international scene in June , with a massacre which became known as "The Amazon's Tiananmen".

Dozens were killed and hundreds wounded when armed police opened fire on tribespeople demonstrating near the town of Bagua Grande. It said that between 70 and 90 per cent of Peru's mahogany exports were illegal, and suggested Lima was doing little to enforce the rules governing logging. Given that Peru is in a state of political upheaval, many believe any guarantees should be taken with a pinch of salt. You can find our Community Guidelines in full here.

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Shell and the Nahua tragedy

Please continue to respect all commenters and create constructive debates. About uncontacted tribes are believed to exist worldwide. They live in remote, resource-rich areas, and are threatened by invasive development. The last such discovery was made in , also in the Amazon. This tribe was spotted at the mouth of the Envira river in western Brazil, not far from the Peruvian border. Possibly Panoan Judging by their haircuts, the Indians appear to be Panoan, a tribe native to eastern Peru and western Brazil, said Survival International research director Fiona Watson.

They're probably descended from Indians who escaped contact during the Amazon rubber boom of the lateth and earlyth centuries, a period of near-genocidal exploitation. Though they haven't had direct contact with the outside world, they'll know about it. They've been watching us. The world is full of dangers, and they've made this decision to remain isolated for survival. But there's a lot of curiosity.

More traditional is a basket containing papaya at left. Above it is a pile of bitter manioc, peeled prior to soaking. At top right are baskets with carrying straps, with banana leaves used as covers. From the picture, the people appear in good health, said Watson. They're not obese, they're not thin.