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The Thirty Years' War was a war fought primarily in Central Europe between and One of the most destructive conflicts in human history, it resulted in.
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Weakened by the fighting, for example, Spain lost its grip over Portugal and the Dutch republic.

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The peace accords also granted increased autonomy to the former Holy Roman Empire states in German-speaking central Europe. Ultimately, though, historians believe the Peace of Westphalia laid the groundwork for the formation of the modern nation-state, establishing fixed boundaries for the countries involved in the fighting and effectively decreeing that residents of a state were subject to the laws of that state and not to those of any other institution, secular or religious.

This radically altered the balance of power in Europe and resulted in reduced influence over political affairs for the Catholic Church, as well as other religious groups. Catholic Encyclopedia. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.

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Luther spent his early years in relative anonymity as a monk and scholar. Two factors lay at the origin of the conflict The two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta, went to war with each other from to B. The Peloponnesian War marked a significant power shift in ancient Greece, favoring Sparta, and also ushered in a period of regional decline that signaled the By the time the First Punic War broke out, Rome had become the dominant power throughout the Italian The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.

In northern and central Europe, reformers like She sought to return England to the Catholic He famously married a series of six wives in his search for political alliance, marital bliss and a healthy male heir. His desire to The story of the Trojan War—the Bronze Age conflict between the kingdoms of Troy and Mycenaean Greece—straddles the history and mythology of ancient Greece and inspired the greatest writers of antiquity, from Homer, Herodotus and Sophocles to Virgil.

Since the 19th-century This Day In History. Gustavus Adolphus But in , Sweden, under the leadership of Gustavus Adolphus, took the side of the northern Protestants and joined the fight, with its army helping to push Catholic forces back and regain much of the lost territory lost by the Protestant Union.

Thirty Years War

French Involvement The French, though Catholic, were rivals of the Habsburgs and were unhappy with the provisions of the Peace of Prague. By this time, only the Austrian territories remained under the control of the Habsburgs. Sommerville, J. Franklin D. New Year's. History of New Year's Eve. Download preview PDF. Skip to main content.

Scotland and the Thirty Years' War, | brill

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  • Module:Thirty Years War: Europe in Agony, 1618 - 1648;
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This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. BOhme, K. Google Scholar. Burschel, P. Jahrhunderts , Gottingen. Franz, G. Kruger, K. Lorenz, G. Lundkvist, S. Lynn, J. Mann, G.

THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR, 1618-1648.

Mortimer, G. CrossRef Google Scholar. Parker, G. Redlich, F. Repgen, K.