Avoiding Armageddon: Europe, the United States, and the Struggle for Nuclear Non-Proliferation, 1945

Throughout the analysis, attention is focused on the role of the European powers the United States, and the Struggle for Nuclear Nonproliferation,
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This study offers an accessible and authoritative account of European policy in this critical dimension of world politics.

Avoiding Armageddon by Susanna Schrafstetter, Stephen Twigge - Praeger - ABC-CLIO

How much influence did Europeans exert in Washington? Why were European objectives often at variance with U. To what extent did differing national agendas on non-proliferation cause friction within the Western Alliance? Schrafstetter and Twigge examine five initiatives designed to prevent or restrain the nuclear arms race: Their conclusions show the extent to which non-proliferation policy dominated European politics and the transatlantic relationship.

Europe, the United States, and the Struggle for Nuclear Non-Proliferation, 1945-1970

The international option focuses on early UN plans for international control of atomic energy The commercial option assesses the influence of Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace proposal of and the impact of civil nuclear power. The moral option charts international attempts to outlaw the testing of nuclear weapons, resulting in the Partial Test Ban Treaty.


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The multilateral option discusses the role of collective nuclear forces in addressing West German demands for nuclear equality within NATO. The legal option explores British, French, and West German attitudes to nuclear disarmament and charts the international drive to stop the spread of nuclear weapons culminating in the signing of the Non-Proliferation Treaty in Throughout the analysis, attention is focused on the role of the European powers and their influence on both Washington and Moscow.

Schrafstetter and Twigge present a sophisticated and readable portrayal of the varied motives of the major powers, the realities of power and influence, and occasionally principled policymaking. Lower-division undergraduates and beyond.

Avoiding Armageddon masterfully transforms the Europeans from merely bit players lurking in the wings of the Cold War to the center stage of world politics. Her research interests include nuclear history, especially non-proliferation policy, Anglo-German relations, and the Cold War. He has written widely in the field of nuclear history and international relations and is the author with Len Scott of Planning Armageddon: Would you like to tell us about a lower price?

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Similarly, Britain, France, and West Germany challenged the prevailing bilateral standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union—the superpower political and military machine. Avoiding Armageddon masterfully "transforms the Europeans from merely bit players lurking in the wings of the Cold War to the center stage of world politics" p.

Schrafstetter and Twigge weave together five major themes: Each theme represents a chronological stage in the efforts to attain nuclear disarmament and stem further proliferation.

The chapter on the international option — examines the attempts to control nuclear weapons through negotiations sponsored by the United Nations UN ; the chapter on the commercial option — focuses on the Eisenhower administration's Atoms for Peace plan and the work of the UN Disarmament Commission; the chapter on the moral option — explores the West European countries' role in shaping the Test Ban Treaty negotiations; the chapter on the multilateral option — shows why [End Page ] the multilateral nuclear force proposal failed and how it helped to spur the legal option — , which culminated in the signing of the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons NPT.

Many books have detailed the first three decades of the Cold War, but few have grappled with the differing motivations and intentions of Britain, France, and West Germany and the various ways these countries interacted with both the United States and, to a lesser extent, the Soviet Union.