Cinquenta Conto: Do Nosso Banco Alegre e Útil (Portuguese Edition) eBook: Ciduca Barros, Leonardo Barros: leondumoulin.nl: Kindle Store.
Table of contents
- Solicite o nosso contacto
- Objective:
- A sentiment lexicon for portuguese natural language processing
- Documentação para abertura de conta
Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English.
Solicite o nosso contacto
The Parsing System "Palavras": Aarhus University Press, The Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. Language, Thought and Logic. Northwestern University Press, An Electronic Lexical Database. Annotating opinions in a book review corpus. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Mercado de Letras, Communications of the ACM , v. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics , v. Mapeamento de aspectos afetivos em um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem.
Sobre verdade e mentira no sentido extra-moral. Nova Cultura, []. Language has a heart. Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis. Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval , v. Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language.
Objective:
Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Esophageal pH monitoring was requested by the treatment team, and all results were interpreted by the same pediatric gastroenterologist. Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD was defined as the presence of at least one of the following: Categorical variables were presented as absolute and relative frequencies.
Continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation or as median and interquartile range, depending on the distribution of the variable of interest. A Student's t-test for dependent samples was used in order to compare lung function variables, according to the distribution of the variable of interest. The objectives of the study were explained to the patients and their parents or legal guardians, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
The study was approved by the local research ethics committee.
A sentiment lexicon for portuguese natural language processing
A total of 21 children and adolescents with STRA were selected. Of those, 10 The mean age was 9. The characteristics of the patients are presented in Table 1. Of the 21 patients, 2 9. All participants had asthma symptoms nearly every day including nocturnal symptoms and symptoms during exercise , as well as frequent exacerbations. Half of the participants had a history of more than one hospitalization for asthma, their quality of life and that of their family members being severely impaired.
Total serum IgE levels varied widely; 12 Omalizumab was used in 8 patients The remaining patients showed significant clinical improvement, with no further hospitalizations or frequent exacerbations. Of the 8 patients who received omalizumab, 3 There were no reports of adverse events in those patients. Because they were not atopic, because they were under 6 years of age, or because their total serum IgE levels were outside the recommended range, 13 of the 21 participants did not receive omalizumab.
Only 1 participant was receiving continuous macrolide antibiotic therapy. That participant was under 6 years of age and therefore did not receive omalizumab. Nevertheless, despite being atopic, the participant showed clinical improvement with the use of continuous azithromycin three times a week.
The most common allergens were house dust mite and cockroach allergens. Cat and dog allergens were uncommon. The skin prick test for sensitivity to A. With regard to lung function, all patients had flow-volume curves within normal limits or mild obstructive lung disease. This variation was found in the same patients in the second spirometry, performed approximately 6 months after the first, when pre-bronchodilator curves were evaluated. Among lung function variables, FVC was found to be lower after treatment optimization.
There was no significant difference between the two measurements regarding the variables most closely related to bronchial obstructive disease Figure 2.
- The Ways He Loves Me.
- Outside the Fire.
- Documentação para abertura de conta - Particulares | Montepio.
- PC Interfacing and Data Acquisition: Techniques for Measurement, Instrumentation and Control.
Esophageal pH monitoring was performed in 10 patients. In the remaining patients, the sample was insufficient or originated from the upper airways. Of the 13 patients in whom sputum induction was successful, 2 had a paucigranulocytic inflammatory phenotype, 4 had an eosinophilic inflammatory phenotype, and 7 had a neutrophilic inflammatory phenotype Figure 3.
Sputum induction did not result in significant adverse events in any of the patients. Chest CT scans were performed in 16 patients. Mild bronchiectasis was found in only 1 patient. Air trapping, atelectasis, and bronchial wall thickening were found in Ground-glass opacities were found in 2 patients, and hiatal hernia was an incidental finding in 1 patient.
Chest CT scans were normal in 3 With regard to the ACT, 6 patients were over 12 years of age and were administered the questionnaire more than five consecutive times. Ours is the first study to describe the clinical phenotype of STRA in children and adolescents in urban areas of a large city in southern Brazil. Cat, dog, and fungal allergens were uncommon, a finding that was reported by our research group in a previous study of children with asthma in the same region.
Although chest CT is formally recommended for all asthma patients, this recommendation has been questioned in children with STRA. The most interesting findings of our study were those related to the lung function of the patients and the airway inflammatory profile. The spirometry tests performed when the patients had no exacerbations showed mild obstructive changes in most cases. In adults, severe asthma is closely associated with major lung function changes, which are not observed in children, as previously described.
This does not mean that histopathological changes, such as bronchial remodeling, do not appear early in life, particularly in preschool-age children, and are already present in school-age children and adolescents, as demonstrated in previous studies involving transbronchial biopsies. One hypothesis to explain this finding is that children with STRA have excessively labile bronchomotor tone, which might explain the lack of significant spirometric changes in patients with frequent symptoms.
Induced sputum allows noninvasive evaluation of lower airway inflammation in asthma patients and has been used in studies of children with asthma. In addition, unlike what is commonly observed in adults, our results, together with the findings of another study, 17 suggest that the inflammatory cell profile of children with severe asthma varies over time. This can be explained by the neutrophil component, which is possibly secondary to frequent often subclinical viral respiratory infections in this age group. Given that the characteristics of induced sputum are more stable in adults than in children, sputum induction is rarely indicated in the management of severe asthma in children.
One comorbidity that is widely studied in children with severe asthma is GERD. Severe asthma and GERD often coexist. The results of esophageal pH monitoring should always be interpreted with caution, and clinical correlations should be established. It remains unclear whether such patients should receive pharmacological treatment for GERD. However, in children with severe asthma, the treatment of GERD does not appear to result in clinical improvement in respiratory symptoms and is not commonly indicated. Children with STRA are a major clinical challenge because the proportion of patients with uncontrolled disease is high despite the use of high-dose corticosteroids.
In such individuals, the goal is to achieve the best possible degree of asthma control and to minimize the potential adverse effects of corticosteroids; however, it should be borne in mind that, given the heterogeneous characteristics of the disease, treatment success rates generally vary. One alternative that has emerged in the last decade is omalizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody that blocks one of the domains of the heavy chain of the Fc portion of free IgE.
This high affinity for the Fc portion of IgE competes with mast cell and basophil receptors, inhibiting the inflammatory response. There were no adverse events related to the use of omalizumab in those patients during the study period. In our study, the patients in whom omalizumab was contraindicated because of their age, IgE levels, or lack of allergen sensitization were started on empirical treatment with continuous macrolide antibiotic therapy azithromycin , and only 1 patient had a clinical response.
No other therapeutic alternatives, such as antifungal agents, immunomodulators, and cytotoxic drugs, were used at our referral center. The most recent international guidelines for severe asthma in adults and children do not recommend the use of macrolides or other alternative drugs. The major limitation of our study is its descriptive and retrospective nature. However, given that our objective was to describe for the first time a sample of children with STRA from a developing country, we believe that this limitation is of minor concern, particularly because all data and variables were prospectively collected in a database by the authors during medical visits.
In conclusion, the present study is the first to describe a sample of children and adolescents with STRA from an urban area of a developing country. Although the clinical characteristics of these children and adolescents are similar to the characteristics of those from developed countries, the mechanisms of and risk factors for severe asthma, particularly lung function, bronchial inflammation, and the immune response, should be further investigated in larger multicenter longitudinal studies. Foram realizados teste do suor e coleta de sangue para hemograma, plaquetas, imunoglobulinas e anti-HIV.
Documentação para abertura de conta
A leitura era feita min depois. O procedimento era controlado por espirometria. O teste de A. Foram encontradas bronquiectasias discretas em apenas 1 paciente. No tocante ao ACT, 6 pacientes eram maiores de 12 anos e foram avaliados com o instrumento mais de cinco vezes consecutivas. Asma grave e DRGE coexistem frequentemente. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List J Bras Pneumol v. Find articles by Cristian Roncada.
Find articles by Giovana Santos.